| 词条 | Bernard Gardiner |
| 释义 |
LifeGardiner was the son of Sir William Gardiner, 1st Baronet, a lawyer and politician, and was baptised in Fareham, Hampshire, on 25 September 1668. His mother was Anne daughter and heir Robert Brocas of Beaurepaire, Hampshire. He was educated at Magdalen College, Oxford, matriculating there in November 1684 and holding a demyship (scholarship), but lost his position during a battle for supremacy between the college's officials and James II. He obtained his Bachelor of Arts degree in 1688, and became a Fellow of All Souls College in the following year. Thomas Tenison, the Archbishop of Canterbury, nominated him to become the Warden (head) of All Souls in 1702. He later added the degrees of Bachelor of Civil Law in 1693 and Doctor of Civil Law in 1698. Further positions within the University of Oxford followed: Keeper of the Archives from 1703, and Vice-Chancellor of the University from 1712 to 1715.[2] He took steps to ensure that fellows of the Oxford colleges complied with their obligations to reside in Oxford and, for fellows at some colleges, to become priests. He had some, but not complete, success since some of the errant fellows had powerful supporters. Gardiner himself was ordained, and was vicar of Ambrosden, Oxfordshire, from 1708 and rector of Hawarden, Flintshire, from 1714. He helped to organise the rebuilding of All Souls by Nicholas Hawksmoor and George Clarke. Gardiner married Grace daughter and eventual heir of Sir Sebastian Smythe, Kt, of Cuddeston, Oxfordshire, physician to King William III, and died on 22 April 1726 in Oxford. His estates were inherited by his daughter, Grace, who married Robert Whalley, MD in 1742;[4] for whose sons see Whalley-Smythe-Gardiner baronets.[5] References1. ^{{cite book |editor1-last=Salter |editor1-first=H.E. |editor2-last=Lobel |editor2-first=Mary D |editor2-link= Mary Lobel |series=Victoria County History |title=A History of the County of Oxford: Volume 3: The University of Oxford |year=1954 |pages=173–193 |publisher= |url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=63880 |chapter=All Souls College |accessdate=18 July 2011}} {{S-start}}{{s-aca}}{{succession box2. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.admin.ox.ac.uk/vc/position/previousvice-chancellors/ |title=Previous Vice-Chancellors |publisher=University of Oxford |accessdate=18 July 2011}} 3. ^{{cite book |title=The Oxford University Calendar |publisher=University of Oxford|year=1817 |pages=27–28 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B7kUAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA27 |chapter=Vice-Chancellors from the year 1660 |accessdate=18 July 2011}} 4. ^Debrett's Baronetage, 1828 5. ^{{cite web |first=William |last=Gibson |title=Gardiner, Bernard (1668–1726) |work=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography |publisher=Oxford University Press |date=October 2005 |url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/10355 |accessdate=31 August 2010}} {{ODNBsub}} | title=Warden of All Souls College, Oxford | years=1702–1726 | before=Hon. Leopold William Finch | after=Stephen Niblett }}{{succession box | title=Vice-Chancellor of Oxford University | years=1712–1715 | before=Thomas Brathwait | after=John Baron }}{{S-end}}{{Keeper of the Archives}}{{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Gardiner, Bernard}} 10 : 1668 births|1726 deaths|Alumni of Magdalen College, Oxford|Fellows of All Souls College, Oxford|Wardens of All Souls College, Oxford|Vice-Chancellors of the University of Oxford|18th-century English Anglican priests|English archivists|Keepers of the Archives of the University of Oxford|18th-century scholars |
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