| 词条 | Berthe de Courrière |
| 释义 |
| name = | image = Père-Lachaise - Division 10 - Clésinger 01.jpg | alt = Tomb of Auguste Clésinger, Remy de Gourmont and Berthe de Courrière | caption = Tomb of Auguste Clésinger, Remy de Gourmont and Berthe de Courrière | birth_name = Caroline Louise Victoire Courrière | birth_date = {{Birth date|1852|06|}} | birth_place = Lille, France | death_date = {{Death date and age|1916|06|14|1852|06|}} | death_place = Paris, France | nationality = French | other_names = | occupation = artists' model, demimondaine | years_active = | known_for = | notable_works = }} Berthe de Courrière (June 1852, Lille[1] – 14 June 1916,[1] Paris) was a French artists' model and demimondaine. She was the mistress, model, and heir of the sculptor and painter Auguste Clésinger. LifeBorn Caroline Louise Victoire Courrière in June 1852 in Lille, de Courrière set out for Paris at age 20 and first became the mistress of General Georges Boulanger and several ministers.[1] The sculptor Auguste Clésinger, son-in-law of George Sand, remarked on Courrière's full form and gigantic proportions, bringing her the nicknames la grande dame ("the big woman") or Berthe aux grands pieds ("Bigfoot Bertha").[2] She was his model for the bust of Marianne for the Sénat as well as for the colossal statue of the Republic for the 1878 Exposition Universelle.[1] On Clésinger's death, in 1883, Berthe was his sole heiress and found herself with a large fortune.[1] In 1886, she met Remy de Gourmont, then making his literary debut, and commissioned him to write a memorial of Clésinger.[2] She became Gourmont's mistress and muse.[2] Gourmont lived with her, at first on rue de Varenne then at 71 rue des Saints-Pères, until his death in 1915. de Courrière had him buried in the same vault as Clésinger.[2] She died in 1916 and was laid to rest the two men in Clésinger's vault at the cimetière du Père-Lachaise.[1] Gourmont's passionate letters to her during the year 1887 were published together in one volume as Lettres à Sixtine (1921).[3] Occultismde Courrière was interested in occultism and found herself involved in a Black Mass affair that nearly went awry and earned her a month 's stay in a psychiatric hospital. In the early morning of 8 September 1890 the Bruges police were informed that a naked woman was parading on the fortresses near the Smedenpoort. She showed signs of mental disorder and was taken to the Sint-Juliaan psychiatric institution in the Boeveriestraat where she was identified as Berthe de Courrière.{{sfn|Introvigne|2016|p=142}} On 6 October, Gourmont travelled from Paris and removed her from the institution. It turned out that de Courrière had spent the night of 7 to 8 September at Moerstraat 36, the house of Canon Louis Van Haecke, rector of the chapel of the Holy Blood and alleged exorcist.{{sfn|Huysmans|1977|p=183}} She was also in touch with ex-Father Joseph-Antoine Boullan, who was laicized as a heretic. de Courrière was, it seems, quite unbalanced. She had to be interned a second time in Brussels in 1906,[2] and she wrote a violent booklet, Nero Prince of Science,[4] against Jean-Martin Charcot, which is characteristic of the hatred that patients sometimes devote to their psychiatrist. She had a morbid passion for ecclesiastics, whom she endeavored to seduce by all means. Rachilde claims to have seen her take out of her tapestry bag of consecrated hosts to throw them to stray dogs.[2] The interior of her residence, according to Henry de Groux, "is the most heterogeneous thing I could ever have imagined in the taste of this half-pagan, half-catholic, or so-called world. These are only chasubles, altar cloths, objects of worship adapted to the most unexpected destinations, monstrances, corporals, dalmatics, candelabra with multicolored candles, mysteriously lit in corners of shadow, near a superb lectern on its wings works by Félicien Rops or the Marquis de Sade. The scent of benzoin, amber and rose essence alternately suffocate with those of incense."{{sfn|Faxneld|2017|p=312}} As a practitioner of the cult of Satan, her vault in the cemetery of Pere Lachaise still attracts lovers of black masses.{{sfn|Brasey|Brasey|2011|p=207}} In popular cultureIn 1889, Gourmont presented de Courrière to Joris-Karl Huysmans who based the character of Mme Hyacinthe Chantelouve in his novel Là-Bas (1891) on her.{{sfn|Baldick|1975|p=171}}{{sfn|Levi1992|p=316}} Gourmont based his novels Sixtine, roman de la vie cérébrale (1890)[5] and Le Fantôme (1893), both tales of religio-sadistic eroticism, on de Courrière.[2] References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web |title=Berthe de Courrière - Les Amateurs de Remy de Gourmont |url=http://www.remydegourmont.org/rg/berthedecourriere/notice.htm |website=www.remydegourmont.org |accessdate=9 February 2019 |language=fr}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite web |title=The Flowers of Evil: Satanic Feminists of Bohemian Paris –Berthe de Courrière (Adult Content) |url=https://www.metacenterchicago.com/flowers-evil-satanic-feminists-bohemian-paris-berthe-de-courriere-adult-content/ |website=The Meta-Center |accessdate=9 February 2019 |date=12 April 2017}} 3. ^{{cite web |title=Sixtine - Les Amateurs de Remy de Gourmont |url=http://www.remydegourmont.org/rg/visagesdegourmont/sixtine.htm |website=www.remydegourmont.org |accessdate=9 February 2019 |language=fr}} 4. ^Full text: {{cite web |title=Néron, Prince de la Science |url=http://baillement.com/lettres/charcot_neron.html |website=baillement.com |accessdate=9 February 2019 |date=21 October 2012}} 5. ^{{cite web |last1=Gillybœuf |first1=Thierry |title=Remy de Gourmont |url=https://francearchives.fr/commemo/recueil-2015/39687 |website=FranceArchives |accessdate=9 February 2019 |language=fr}} Bibliography
9 : 1852 births|1916 deaths|French artists' models|French courtesans|French occultists|French Satanists|People from Lille|Burials at Père Lachaise Cemetery|19th-century occultists |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。