| 词条 | Bestwina |
| 释义 |
| name = Bestwina | settlement_type = Village | total_type = | image_skyline = Bestwina 001.JPG | image_caption = Habsburg palace (1826) | image_flag = | image_shield = | image_map = | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag icon|Poland}} Poland | subdivision_type1 = Voivodeship | subdivision_name1 = Silesian | subdivision_type2 = County | subdivision_name2 = Bielsko County | subdivision_type3 = Gmina | subdivision_name3 = Bestwina | established_title = First mentioned | established_date = 1273 | coordinates = {{coord|49|53|47|N|19|3|34|E|region:PL|display=inline}} | pushpin_map = Poland | pushpin_label_position = right | elevation_m = | population_total = 4618 (2012)[1] | website = }} Bestwina {{IPAc-pl|b|e|s|t|'|f|J|i|n|a}} is a village in Bielsko County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Bestwina.[2] It lies approximately {{convert|8|km|mi|0}} north of Bielsko-Biała and {{convert|40|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} south of the regional capital Katowice. The village has in 2012 a population of 4,618. HistoryThe village was first mentioned in 1273.[3] It became a seat of a Catholic parish as it was mentioned in the register of Peter's Pence payment among Catholic parishes of Oświęcim deaconry of the Diocese of Kraków as Bestwina.[4] Politically it belonged initially to the Duchy of Opole and Racibórz and the Castellany of Oświęcim, which was in 1315 formed in the process of feudal fragmentation of Poland into the Duchy of Oświęcim, ruled by a local branch of Silesian Piast dynasty. In 1327 the duchy became a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia. In 1457 Jan IV of Oświęcim agreed to sell the duchy to the Polish Crown, and in the accompanying document issued on 21 February the village was mentioned as Bestwina.[5] The territory of the Duchy of Oświęcim was eventually incorporated into Poland in 1564 and formed Silesian County of Kraków Voivodeship. Upon the First Partition of Poland in 1772 it became part of the Austrian Kingdom of Galicia. After World War I and fall of Austria-Hungary it became part of Poland. It was annexed by Nazi Germany at the beginning of World War II, and afterwards it was restored to Poland. References1. ^http://www.bestwina.pl/index.php?str=2&id_strony=8&id_dzialu=10 {{commonscat|Bestwina}}{{Gmina Bestwina}}{{Bielsko-geo-stub}}2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.stat.gov.pl/broker/access/prefile/listPreFiles.jspa |title=Central Statistical Office (GUS) - TERYT (National Register of Territorial Land Apportionment Journal) |date=2008-06-01 |language=Polish}} 3. ^{{cite book |editor1-last= Panic|editor1-first= Idzi|editor1-link= Idzi Panic |title=Bielsko-Biała. Monografia miasta|publisher= Wydział Kultury i Sztuki Urzędu Miejskiego w Bielsku-Białej|volume=Tom I: Bielsko od zarania do wybuchu wojen śląskich |chapter= Zaplecze osadnicze Bielska|place=Bielsko-Biała |year=2011 |pages = 217 |isbn = 978-83-60136-31-7 | language = polish}} 4. ^{{cite book |first=Ptaśnik |last=Jan |authorlink=Jan Ptaśnik |title=Monumenta Poloniae Vaticana T.1 Acta Camerae Apostolicae. Vol. 1, 1207-1344||publisher= Sumpt. Academiae Litterarum Cracoviensis|place=Cracoviae |year=1913 |pages = 147-150 |url= http://www.kpbc.ukw.edu.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?id=23551&from=&dirids=1&ver_id=&lp=4&QI=51AD482DA2B36ED801EE899F17FA474F-1 | language = la}} 5. ^{{cite book |first=Krzysztof Rafał |last=Prokop |title=Księstwa oświęcimskie i zatorskie wobec Korony Polskiej w latach 1438-1513. Dzieje polityczne||publisher= PAU|place=Kraków |year=2002 |pages = 151 |isbn = 83-88857-31-2 | language = pl}} 3 : Villages in Bielsko County|Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria|Kraków Voivodeship (1919–39) |
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