| 词条 | Bitter Springs (film) |
| 释义 |
|name = Bitter Springs |image = "Bitter_Springs"_(1950_film).jpg |caption = British poster by Robert Medley |producer = Michael Balcon Leslie Norman (assoc) |director = Ralph Smart |writer = Monja Danischewsky W. P. Lipscomb |based on = a story by Ralph Smart |starring = Tommy Trinder Chips Rafferty Gordon Jackson |music = Ralph Vaughan Williams |cinematography = George Heath |editing = Bernard Gribble |studio = Ealing Studios |distributor = |released = {{Film date|1950|06|24|Australia|1950|07|06|UK|df=y}} |runtime = 86 minutes |country = Australia United Kingdom |language = English |budget = £100,000[1] }} Bitter Springs is an Australian–British film directed by Ralph Smart and released in 1950. An Australian pioneer family leases a piece of land from the government in the Australian outback in 1900 and hires two inexperienced British men as drovers. Problems with local Aboriginal people arise over the possession of a waterhole. Much of the film was shot on location in the Flinders Ranges in South Australia[2] PlotIn the early 1900s, Wally King travels 600 miles to outback South Australia to occupy land he has leased from the government. He is accompanied by his wife Ma, children Emma and John, and friends Tommy and Mac. Despite warnings from a local trooper, the bigoted King clashes with an Aboriginal tribe who depend on water located on what has become the family's property. Relations with the local Aboriginal people deteriorate to the point where John King is speared. The Kings are in danger of being killed by a raiding party but they are rescued by the trooper and his men. A compromise is reached where the Kings agree to work with the Aboriginal people running a sheep station.[3] Cast
ProductionThe film was the idea of Ralph Smart and roughly based on an apparently true story.[4] This was the third movie Ealing Studios made in Australia following the success of The Overlanders (1946). It was originally announced as a comedy starring Rafferty and Trinder, and was meant to be followed by a version of Robbery Under Arms.[5] Tommy Trinder's part was created especially for him to ensure the movie had some comic relief.[6] Nick Yardley had previously appeared in Ralph Smart's Bush Christmas.[7] Nonnie Piper was a 19-year-old model.[8] The original script ended with the massacre of Aboriginal people at the hands of the white settlers, but this was changed at the insistence of Ealing Studios.[9] Ralph Smart scouted around Australia for locations and at one stage it seemed that the film would be made in Murgon, Queensland[9] but eventually it was decided to make it in South Australia.[10] Writer Dave Moore flew out to Australia to help with the script.[11] Filming started in May 1949.[12][13] Location shooting was completed in November, nearly two months behind schedule due to rain delays, and was followed by two weeks at Pagewood Studios in Sydney. 130 Aboriginal people were used as extras.[14] They had nowhere to stay when they arrived due to an administrative oversight[15] and their treatment on set was criticised.[16] Ealing wanted to pay Aboriginal actor Henry Murdoch the same as white actors but the Department of Native Affairs refused, only granting him a regular allowance.[17] During filming a man went around Adelaide pretending to be a talent scout for the film offering women the chance to appear in it.[18] Leslie Norman is credited as associate producer. He later recalled "I went out [to Australia] as a sort of hatchet man. It was a shame, but that film was awkward, a bit stiff and staid."[19]ReleaseThe film had its world premiere in Adelaide, which was attended by Don Bradman.[20] Although reviews were generally respectful[21][22] the film was a box office disappointment on release and Ealing abandoned its plans to make further movies in Australia. It sold off Pagewood Studios in 1952.[23] See also
References1. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article22721212 |title=TRINDER FOR SA FILM. |newspaper=The Argus |location=Melbourne |date=7 April 1949 |accessdate=23 August 2012 |page=3 |publisher=National Library of Australia}} 2. ^https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0042253/locations accessed 25 September 2011 3. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article57840219 |title=Premiere of "Bitter Springs". |newspaper=The Australian Women's Weekly | date=1 July 1950 |accessdate=23 August 2012 |page=44 |publisher=National Library of Australia}} 4. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article28665759 |title=Those Hitter Springs. |newspaper=The Sunday Herald |location=Sydney |date=20 November 1949 |accessdate=23 August 2012 |page=4 Supplement: Features |publisher=National Library of Australia}} 5. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article22682096 |title=AUSTRALIAN COMEDY FILM TO BE MADE. |newspaper=The Argus |location=Melbourne |date=13 August 1948 |accessdate=14 February 2012 |page=3 |publisher=National Library of Australia}} 6. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article22838019 |title="Bitter Springs" is beginning of new era. |newspaper=The Argus |location=Melbourne |date=24 June 1950 |accessdate=23 August 2012 |page=8 |publisher=National Library of Australia}} 7. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article18465730 |title=Young Actors In "Blue Bird". |newspaper=The Sunday Herald |location=Sydney |date=27 March 1949 |accessdate=23 August 2012 |page=3 Supplement: Playtime |publisher=National Library of Australia}} 8. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article36364853 |title=SYDNEY ACTRESS TO STAR IN NEW FILM. |newspaper=The Advertiser |location=Adelaide |date=3 May 1949 |accessdate=23 August 2012 |page=1 |publisher=National Library of Australia}} 9. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article49937591 |title=Likes Murgon for film. |newspaper=The Courier-Mail |location=Brisbane |date=20 January 1949 |accessdate=19 March 2012 |page=3 |publisher=National Library of Australia}} 10. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article36360229 |title=Mr. Playford "Sells" S.A. Film Sites. |newspaper=The Advertiser |location=Adelaide |date=2 April 1949 |accessdate=19 March 2012 |page=1 |publisher=National Library of Australia}} 11. ^[https://archive.org/stream/variety174-1949-04#page/n255/mode/2up Variety April 1949] 12. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article36367316 |title=Principals Of "Bitter Springs Arrive. |newspaper=The Advertiser |location=Adelaide |date=18 May 1949 |accessdate=19 March 2012 |page=1 |publisher=National Library of Australia}} 13. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article36367796 |title=Natives Help Workmen Build Camp. |newspaper=The Advertiser |location=Adelaide |date=20 May 1949 |accessdate=19 March 2012 |page=3 |publisher=National Library of Australia}} 14. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article18181973 |title=Film News And Features 130 Aboriginal Tribesmen Steal Show In New Picture. |newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald |date=24 August 1950 |accessdate=23 August 2012 |page=13 |publisher=National Library of Australia}} 15. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article36367593 |title=No Camp For Film Natives. |newspaper=The Advertiser |location=Adelaide |date=19 May 1949 |accessdate=23 August 2012 |page=3 |publisher=National Library of Australia}} 16. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article82906366 |title=Natives For Film Herded Like Cattle. |newspaper=The Daily News |location=Perth |date=19 May 1949 |accessdate=23 August 2012 |page=3 Edition: FINAL |publisher=National Library of Australia}} 17. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article22822739 |title=Aborigine actor's bad deal. |newspaper=The Argus |location=Melbourne |date=15 April 1950 |accessdate=23 August 2012 |page=6 |publisher=National Library of Australia}} 18. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55924158 |title=FILM HOAX ON GIRL FAILS. |newspaper=The Mail |location=Adelaide |date=21 May 1949 |accessdate=23 August 2012 |page=1 |publisher=National Library of Australia}} 19. ^Brian McFarlane, An Autobiography of British Cinema, Metheun 1997 p440 20. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article44922025 |title=Guests At "Bitter Springs" Premiere. |newspaper=The Advertiser |location=Adelaide |date=24 June 1950 |accessdate=23 August 2012 |page=3 |publisher=National Library of Australia}} 21. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article18482263 |title="Bitter Springs". |newspaper=The Sunday Herald |location=Sydney |date=27 August 1950 |accessdate=23 August 2012 |page=5 Supplement: Sunday Herald Features |publisher=National Library of Australia}} 22. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article22838233 |title=AUSTRALIAN FILM HAS PREMIERE 'Bitter Springs' is triumph for aborigines. |newspaper=The Argus |location=Melbourne |date=26 June 1950 |accessdate=23 August 2012 |page=12 |publisher=National Library of Australia}} 23. ^1 Philip Kemp, 'On the Slide: Harry Watt and Ealing's Australian Adventure', Second Take: Australian Filmmakers Talk, Ed Geoff Burton and Raffaele Caputo, Allen & Unwin 1999 p 145-164 External links
15 : 1950 films|British films|British drama films|British historical films|Australian films|1950s drama films|1950s historical films|Australian drama films|English-language films|Australian Western (genre) films|Films set in South Australia|Films shot in Flinders Ranges|Films set in 1900|Films directed by Ralph Smart|Ealing Studios films |
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