| 词条 | Bjelaj | ||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|official_name = Bjelaj |other_name = |native_name = |nickname = |settlement_type = Village |motto = |image_skyline = |imagesize = |image_caption = |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_map = |mapsize = |map_caption = |pushpin_map = Bosnia |pushpin_label_position = bottom |pushpin_mapsize= |pushpin_map_caption = |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = {{flag|Bosnia and Herzegovina}} |subdivision_type1 = Municipality |subdivision_name1 = Bosanski Petrovac |subdivision_type2 = Cantons of the Federation of BiH |subdivision_name2 = Una-Sana Canton |subdivision_type3 = Political entities |subdivision_name3 = {{flag|Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina|Federation of BiH}} |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |established_title = |established_date = |area_magnitude = |unit_pref = Imperial |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = |area_land_km2 = |population_as_of = 569 (1991) |population_footnotes = |population_note = |population_total = |population_density_km2 = |timezone = CET |utc_offset = +1 |timezone_DST = CEST |utc_offset_DST = +2 |coordinates = {{coord|44|35|N|16|12|E|display=title|region:BA_type:city_source:GNS-enwiki}} |elevation_footnotes = |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = |postal_code_type = |postal_code = |area_code = |blank_name = |blank_info = |website = Bosanski Petrovac |footnotes = }}Bjelaj is a village in the municipality of Bosanski Petrovac, Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bosnia and Herzegovina.[1] In the population census of 1991 there lived 569[2] inhabitants. The Village is dominated by the ruined fortress of Stari Grad Bjelaj.[3] GeographyLocated close to the Čava Mountains (part of the Osječenica) rises from Bjelajsko polje. It is 3 km from the Bosanski Petrovac - Bihac road. There are two springs in Bjelaj, Sinanovac and Madžarac. The collection zone of these springs is Srt (1042 m.), The branch of Osječenica and the ravine Prhovo, on the periphery of Bjelajsko polje, below Osječenica. The springs have their islands that are lost in the fields of the fields (Keljavac). [4] They are used for the water supply system and the surrounding villages. For inhabitants of the Petrovac area the name Bjelaj refers to all settlements on the southern side of the Bjelajski polje: ( Busije, Cimeše, Bjelajski Vaganac) HistoryMedievilThe old town of Bjelaj is located on the top of a hill, on a plateau extending in the main north-south direction, about 850 m long. The plateau is divided into the northern, wider and southern, narrow halves that are equally long. At the southern end of the northern half of the plateau there is Velika Gradina, an insufficiently explored prehistoric locality from the bronze and iron age, from the time of Illyrians. The southern part of the plateau, which is much narrower than the north, is in the shape of a lingula. At its northern end is the unexplored prehistoric site of Mala gradina. To the south of it is a large fortress from the medieval period and the Ottoman, Stari grad Bjelaj. Historical unit - Stari grad Bjelaj, declared the National Monument of BiH.[5] Ottoman periodThe mighty and respectable Beavers' Krajina family in the first half of the rule of Osmanli, Ibrahimpašići, are named after Ibrahim-pasha, Deli-Murat's son. By the middle of the 20th century, there were turbines Deli-Murata in Bjelaj, which was located about 50 m from Ibrahimpašić's tower in that place. Deli-Murat's son, Ibrahim, who was born at the time his father died and who was educated by Porta, built Ripač, erected a mosque called Ibrahim-pašina mosque, and got possession in Lika (around Lapac), then in Bihać, Ripč, Bjelaj and around today's Bosanski Petrovac. Later, Bećir-beg from Bjelajac (1760-1909) appeared in the vicinity of the Bećir-beg family. At the beginning of the 20th century, this Bey's family belonged to those with no representatives with very large land holdings. They had properties in Vranovina, Vodenici, Vedrom Polju, Drinić, and in Bjelaj they owned 752 dunums.[6] Yugoslav eraThe first elementary school in the town was built of wood and raised by renowned charities Miss Irbi and Johnston. Afterwards, the school was rebuilt and the second part served as a chapel with a bell tower attached to it. At the site of the overcrowded chapel, the 1925 St. George. Devastated in 1996 during the Bosnian War it was restored in 2006. World War IIIn World War II this place was under the rule of the Independent State of Croatia. Several Ustashas came to the village, armed the Muslim population, and established a new government. However, after mid-August, the locals surrendered the weapons and helped capture the Ustasha. This was the first Muslim site that was liberated in the Bosnian Krajina. When entering the Bjelaj uprisings, no case of violence or any other outbreak of the Muslim population occurred. Communist Party of Yugoslavia had already succeeded in killing a large Serbian uprising that masses of Muslims and Croats were not guilty of Ustasha's slaughter. After the liberation of Bjelaj, all measures were taken to place the place as an example of the brotherhood and unity of Muslims and Serbs in the Bosnian Krajina. However, the Ustashas felt it, attacked the site, captured it and led the entire Muslim population to refuge.[7] In 1922, Mahmut Ibrahimpasic Maso, a national hero of Yugoslavia was born. The political commissar of the 5th Krajina (Kozarska Brigade). He was killed on duty on 19th October 1944 in the battle for the liberation of Belgrade. By November of that year, he was already proclaimed a national hero, (among the first partisan fighters to be so) and the only one from the wider area of Bjelaj. In 1923, well-known children's writer Ahmet Hromadzic was born, whose works entered the school lecture of some European countries. He was the winner of a large number of literary awards, and as editor in the publishing company "Veselin Masleša" and is the founder of the children's library "Lastavica". Population
The Bosniak population moved to this region in large numbers after the establishment of the border on the Uni between Austria and Turkey, while the Christian population ( Serbs and Croats ) significantly settled after 1878 and the transfer of Bosnia into Austrian hands. Sometimes within the framework of Bjelaja was also the small Mali Stjenjani, west of the centre of Bjelaja, below Čava. In time, the inhabitants of that hamlet left their homes so that no people were there before the last war. EconomyDue to the karst character of the land, farming and cattle breeding are at a low level. In the mid-20th century, the surface digging of bauxite ore began, but due to its inefficiency, the mine was quickly closed. References1. ^Official results from the book: Ethnic composition of Bosnia-Herzegovina population, by municipalities and settlements, 1991. census, Zavod za statistiku Bosne i Hercegovine - Bilten no.234, Sarajevo 1991. 2. ^Nacionalni sastav stanovništva je vecinski srpski 346 stanovnika i 223 muslimana(osnjaka) Rezultati za Republiku po opštinama i naseljenim mjestima 1991.. Sarajevo: Izdanje Državnog zavoda za statistiku Republike Bosne i Hercegovine. 3. ^http://nationalpark-una.ba/addDocuments/uploads/14666750291810023626.pdf 4. ^PETROVAČKO POLJE -Dr. Rade Davidovic, Novi Sad, 1981 5. ^{{Cite web |url=http://old.kons.gov.ba/main.php?id_struct=6&lang=1&action=view&id=2914 |title=Stari grad Bjelaj |work=kons.gov.ba |accessdate= 13 June 2016}} 6. ^BEGOVSKI ZEMLJIŠNI POSJEDI U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI OD 1878. DO 1918 -H. Kamberović, Sarajevo,2003 7. ^PETROVAC U NOB, knjiga 1 –Opštinski odbor SUBNOR, 1974 4 : Populated places in Bosanski Petrovac|Una-Sana Canton|Bosnia and Herzegovina|Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina |
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