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词条 Blaauboschkraal stone ruins
释义

  1. Alternate theories

  2. Further reading

  3. See also

  4. References

The Blaauboschkraal stone ruins, also known as Adam's Calendar[1][2][3] are a provincial heritage site in Waterval Boven in the Mpumalanga province of South Africa.[4] The site was originally declared a national monument on 18 April 1975.[5][6]

The ruins are the remains of structures created by people who settled the region in the 16th century and who altered the landscape to increase agricultural yields in high-altitude grasslands.[7] The stone rings are believed to have been used as enclosures for cattle (kraals).[6][8]

The Blaauboskraal stone ruins are among a number of stone circle ruins located in the Mpumalanga escarpment over an area of approximately 150 km2, a number of which are facing threats to conservation.[9]

Information about the people who created these stone circles and terraces was often omitted from South African historical sources.[7]

Alternate theories

Alternate theories exist of alien or ancient origins. The most prominent proponent of an alternate origin, politician Michael Tellinger, calls the site "Adam's Calendar" and claims they are remains of the oldest man-made site in the world built by Enki 300,000 years ago as an ancient calendar.[10][1][2][3]

Further reading

  • {{cite book |author=Peter Delius |author2=Alex Schoeman |author3=Tim Maggs |title=Forgotten World: The Stone Walled Settlements of the Mpumalanga Escarpment |year=2014 |publisher=Wits University Press |location= |pages= |quote= | url= |isbn=9781868147748 }}
  • {{cite journal |title=Excavations of Stone-Walled Ruin Types in the Badfontein Valley, Eastern Transvaal, South Africa | author=D. P. Collett |authorlink= | journal =The South African Archaeological Bulletin | volume =37 | issue =135 | pages =34-43 |date =June 1982 |jstor=3888578 |quote= |work= }}

See also

  • Machadodorp baKoni_Ruins

References

1. ^https://www.news24.com/SciTech/Human-genesis-is-alien-SA-author-20110309
2. ^https://www.huffingtonpost.com/gaiam-tv/lost-civilization_b_2095209.html
3. ^http://atlantablackstar.com/2014/06/27/6-ancient-african-architectural-marvels-built-before-greece-or-rome-existed/
4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.sahra.org.za/sahris/sites/922820008 |title=9/2/282/0008 Stone ruins, Blaauboschkraal, Waterval Boven District |author= |format= |pages= |date= |accessdate=2018-05-22 |quote= |publisher=South African Heritage Resources Agency }}
5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.sahra.org.za/sahris/node/33748 |title=Stone ruins, Blaauboschkraal, Waterval Boven District |author= |format= |pages= |date= |accessdate=2018-05-22 |quote= |publisher=South African Heritage Resources Agency }}
6. ^{{cite journal |url=http://www.sahra.org.za/sahris/sites/default/files/gazettes/4667-725%20Stone%20Ruins%2C%20Blaauboschkraal%2C%20Waterval%20Boven.pdf |author= J. P. van der Spuy |title=No. 725 Declaration of a National Monument | journal =Government Gazette of South Africa | volume = | issue =4667 | pages =18 |date =18 April 1975 |doi = |accessdate=2018-05-25 |quote= |work= }}
7. ^{{cite news |author=Amanda Esterhuysen |title=The Bokoni story unearthed |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2015-02-26-the-bokoni-story-unearthed |quote= |pages= |work=Mail and Guardian |location= |date=27 February 2015 |accessdate=2018-05-22 }}
8. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/article/prehistory-nelspruit-area |title=Prehistory of the Nelspruit area |author=T. N. Huffman |format= |pages= |date=11 August 2017 |accessdate=2018-05-25 |quote= |publisher=South African History Online }}
9. ^{{cite news |author=Sizwe sama Yende |title=Heritage under threat |url=https://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/heritage-under-threat-20170916 |quote= |pages= |work=News 24/City Press |location= |date=2017-09-17 |accessdate=2018-05-25 }}
10. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.atlasobscura.com/places/adams-calendar|title=Adam's Calendar|website=Atlas Obscura}}
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3 : Archaeological sites in South Africa|Former populated places in South Africa|Buildings and structures in Mpumalanga

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