“Blue Ridge Parkway tunnels”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The design standards specified a minimum impact on the land. The vehicle tunnels were often constructed to reduce excessive landscape scarring that open cuts would have produced. They are used in areas of steep terrain where ridges run perpendicular to the roadway alignment.

North Carolina's more rugged terrain required the majority of the tunnels. Most of the work on the tunnel digging was done by hand and provided by the Civilian Conservation Corps in the 1930s.^[3] Little machinery was used with the intention of creating manual labor in depressed economic times. They did have for tunneling truck-mounted water-cooled compressed air drills called "Jumbos." After the initial holes were drilled into the substrata, dynamite was used for blasting away the rock.^[4]

Concrete lining was done during construction due to tunnel cave-ins.^[5] This concrete lining was first used in the Devil's Courthouse Tunnel. It was later discovered that it enhanced the interior lighting within the tunnel itself. Where done the lining covered about a quarter of the interior structure. An additional benefit was the elimination of moisture entering the tunnel. Moisture in the winter caused ice problems.^[6]

The Pine Mountain Tunnel is the longest on the Parkway at {{convert|1434|ft|m}}. Ferrin Knob Tunnel #1 is the first and longest of the triplet tunnels. The local people once referred to ferns as "ferrins." Ferrin Knob Tunnel #2 is located at milepost 401.3 and Ferrin Knob Tunnel #3 is located at milepost 401.5.

The distinctive stone masonry portals now on the parkway tunnels were generally not part of the original construction of the 1930s. They were added later.^[7]

Tunnels

The tunnels are listed below by milepost, name, and length. The maximum height is in the center of the tunnel and the minimum height is at the edge stripe.

NOTE: This table contains data that is significantly different from that provided by the National Park Service on their Blue Ridge Parkway site. The differences are mostly in the tunnel lengths, but also some max/min tunnel heights. If you intend to drive the Parkway by motorhome, please refer to the NPS site for the correct tunnel data.^[8]

Milepost

Name of the tunnel

Length

Maximum Height

Minimum Height

Coordinates

53.1

Bluff Mountain Tunnel

630|ft|m|0}}

19|ft|1|in|m|1}}

13|ft|7|in|m|1}}

37.66538|-79.322866|region:US-VA_type:landmark_dim:96|name=Bluff Mountain Tunnel}}

333.4

Little Switzerland Tunnel

547|ft|m|0}}

19|ft|8|in|m|1}}

14|ft|4|in|m|1}}

35.851638|-82.085917|region:US-NC_type:landmark_dim:83|name=Little Switzerland Tunnel}}

336.4

Wildacres Tunnel

240|ft|m|0}}

19|ft|10|in|m|1}}

13|ft|1|in|m|1}}

35.829603|-82.117972|region:US-NC_type:landmark_dim:37|name=Wildacres Tunnel}}

344.6

Twin Tunnel (North)

240|ft|m|0}}

21|ft|m|1}}

16|ft|m|1}}

35.763598|-82.169124|region:US-NC_type:landmark_dim:37|name=Twin Tunnel (North)}}

344.7

Twin Tunnel (South)

409|ft|m|0}}

19|ft|7|in|m|1}}

14|ft|7|in|m|1}}

35.761875|-82.170027|region:US-NC_type:landmark_dim:62|name=Twin Tunnel (South)}}

349.0

Rough Ridge Tunnel

245|ft|m|0}}

21|ft|6|in|m|1}}

13|ft|9|in|m|1}}

35.726871|-82.207028|region:US-NC_type:landmark_dim:37|name=Rough Ridge Tunnel}}

364.4

Craggy Pinnacle Tunnel

176|ft|m|0}}

19|ft|9|in|m|1}}

14|ft|1|in|m|1}}

35.701204|-82.376888|region:US-NC_type:landmark_dim:27|name=Craggy Pinnacle Tunnel}}

365.6

Craggy Flats Tunnel

335|ft|m|0}}

19|ft|5|in|m|1}}

14|ft|1|in|m|1}}

35.687289|-82.383519|region:US-NC_type:landmark_dim:51|name=Craggy Flats Tunnel}}

374.4

Tanbark Ridge Tunnel

746|ft|m|0}}

19|ft|5|in|m|1}}

14|ft|1|in|m|1}}

35.664224|-82.461434|region:US-NC_type:landmark_dim:114|name=Tanbark Ridge Tunnel}}

397.1

Grassy Knob Tunnel

600|ft|m|0}}

19|ft|2|in|m|1}}

13|ft|7|in|m|1}}

35.469254|-82.622304|region:US-NC_type:landmark_dim:91|name=Grassy Knob Tunnel}}

399.3

Pine Mountain Tunnel

1320|ft|m|0}}

19|ft|3|in|m|1}}

14|ft|2|in|m|1}}

35.449040|-82.643771|region:US-NC_type:landmark_dim:201|name=Pine Mountain Tunnel}}

400.9

Ferrin Knob Tunnel #1

360|ft|m|0}}

19|ft|6|in|m|1}}

14|ft|2|in|m|1}}

35.456014|-82.666996|region:US-NC_type:landmark_dim:55|name=Ferrin Knob Tunnel #1}}

401.3

Ferrin Knob Tunnel #2

231|ft|m|0}}

19|ft|2|in|m|1}}

14|ft|m|1}}

35.455056|-82.674271|region:US-NC_type:landmark_dim:35|name=Ferrin Knob Tunnel #2}}

401.5

Ferrin Knob Tunnel #3

323|ft|m|0}}

19|ft|5|in|m|1}}

13|ft|9|in|m|1}}

35.454157|-82.676163|region:US-NC_type:landmark_dim:49|name=Ferrin Knob Tunnel #3}}

403.0

Young Pisgah Ridge Tunnel

400|ft|m|0}}

19|ft|8|in|m|1}}

14|ft|6|in|m|1}}

35.454444|-82.700881|region:US-NC_type:landmark_dim:61|name=Young Pisgah Ridge Tunnel}}

403.9

Fork Mountain Tunnel

350|ft|m|0}}

19|ft|2|in|m|1}}

14|ft|6|in|m|1}}

35.450169|-82.715308|region:US-NC_type:landmark_dim:53|name=Fork Mountain Tunnel}}

406.9

Little Pisgah Tunnel

500|ft|m|0}}

19|ft|5|in|m|1}}

13|ft|10|in|m|1}}

35.421636|-82.742592|region:US-NC_type:landmark_dim:76|name=Little Pisgah Tunnel}}

407.4

Buck Springs Tunnel

380|ft|m|0}}

19|ft|2|in|m|1}}

13|ft|8|in|m|1}}

35.417720|-82.747806|region:US-NC_type:landmark_dim:58|name=Buck Springs Tunnel}}

410.1

Frying Pan Tunnel

275|ft|m|0}}

19|ft|9|in|m|1}}

13|ft|8|in|m|1}}

35.390981|-82.773952|region:US-NC_type:landmark_dim:42|name=Frying Pan Tunnel}}

422.1

Devil's Courthouse Tunnel

350|ft|m|0}}

19|ft|m|1}}

14|ft|2|in|m|1}}

35.305332|-82.895343|region:US-NC_type:landmark_dim:53|name=Devil's Courthouse Tunnel}}

439.7

Pinnacle Ridge

750|ft|m|0}}

19|ft|1|in|m|1}}

13|ft|10|in|m|1}}

35.434901|-83.033833|region:US-NC_type:landmark_dim:114|name=Pinnacle Ridge}}

458.8

Lickstone Ridge Tunnel

402|ft|m|0}}

13|ft|1|in|m|1}}

11|ft|1|in|m|1}}

35.507822|-83.187861|region:US-NC_type:landmark_dim:61|name=Lickstone Ridge Tunnel}}

459.3

Bunches Bald Tunnel

268|ft|m|0}}

13|ft|4|in|m|1}}

10|ft|6|in|m|1}}

35.514440|-83.193087|region:US-NC_type:landmark_dim:41|name=Bunches Bald Tunnel}}

461.2

Big Witch Tunnel

348|ft|m|0}}

18|ft|1|in|m|1}}

11|ft|3|in|m|1}}

35.5178885|-83.2155379|region:US-NC_type:landmark_dim:53|name=Big Witch Tunnel}}

465.6

Rattlesnake Mountain Tunnel

410|ft|m|0}}

19|ft|6|in|m|1}}

14|ft|5|in|m|1}}

35.518671|-83.269625|region:US-NC_type:landmark_dim:62|name=Rattlesnake Mountain Tunnel}}

466.3

Sherril Cove Tunnel

572|ft|m|0}}

19|ft|7|in|m|1}}

14|ft|4|in|m|1}}

35.511708|-83.271575|region:US-NC_type:landmark_dim:87|name=Sherril Cove Tunnel}}

Gallery

Tunnels

Gallery

See also

References

Location