| 词条 | Bob Doyle (activist) |
| 释义 |
|name=Robert Andrew Doyle |birth_date=12 February 1916 |death_date=22 January 2009 |birth_place=Dublin, Ireland |death_place= |image= |nickname=Bob Doyle |allegiance= {{flagicon|Ireland}} Irish Republic {{flagicon|Spain|1931}} Second Spanish Republic {{UK}} |serviceyears=1937-1938 (International Brigades) |rank= |branch= {{flagicon|Ireland}} Anti-Treaty IRA International Brigades {{flagicon|UK|civil}} Merchant Navy |commands= |battles= Spanish Civil War World War II |awards= |laterwork= }} Robert Andrew "Bob" Doyle (12 February 1916 – 22 January 2009)[1][2] was a communist activist and soldier from Ireland. He was active in two armed conflicts; the Spanish Civil War as a member of the International Brigades and the Second World War as a member of the British Empire's Merchant Navy. Early lifeDoyle was born in a North King Street[1] tenement in Dublin, Ireland and became interested in politics during the 1930s. In 1933, he was part of an anti - communist mob that attacked Connolly House.[3] He joined the Irish Republican Army (IRA) after losing his left eye in a brawl with Blueshirts. He quickly became more interested in social rather than Irish nationalist issues and in 1937 decided to volunteer for the International Brigades, motivated in part by the fact that his friend and IRA veteran Kit Conway[4] had been killed in action in the Battle of Jarama on Doyle’s 21st birthday. Service in SpainHe initially attempted to travel to Spain by stowing away aboard a boat bound for Valencia,[5] where he was detained and expelled. He eventually returned by crossing the Pyrenees from France. After he returned to Spain, he reported to a battalion at Figueras. He was initially required to train new recruits because of his IRA experience, but disobeyed orders to get to the front. Capture and releaseAfter fighting at Belchite, he was captured at Gandesa by the Italian fascist Corpo Truppe Volontarie in 1938, along with Irish International Brigade leader Frank Ryan.[6] He was imprisoned for 11 months in San Pedro de Cardeña - a concentration camp near Burgos. There he was once brought out to be shot and he was regularly tortured by Spanish fascist guards and interrogated by the Gestapo[7] before being released in a prisoner exchange. World War II serviceDoyle enlisted in the British merchant navy during World War II before settling in London with his Spanish wife, Lola. He became active in the Fleet Street print trade unions. A regular visitor to Spain and Ireland for International Brigade commemorations, he published an account of his experiences in Spain in An Irishman’s Fight Against Fascism. In an interview with The Irish Times, he said: "I thought there was a danger that Ireland would go fascist and that was one of the motivating factors in making up my mind to go to Spain." FamilyDoyle and his wife Lola later gave birth to a son, noted film editor and special effects wizard Julian Doyle, who worked on such films as "Monty Python and the Holy Grail" and "Time Bandits". DeathBob Doyle died at the age of 92 on 22 January 2009. His ashes were carried at the head of a funeral procession through the streets of Dublin. Large numbers of people, including members of the Irish Labour Party, the Communist Party of Ireland and Sinn Féin, were in attendance. References1. ^1 {{cite book|title=The Real Band Of Brothers – First hand accounts from the last British survivors of the Spanish Civil War|last=Arthur|first=Max|publisher=Collins|date=2009|isbn=9780007295098|work=Section 5 – Bob Doyle, Page 167, reference to Doyle's date and place of birth}} 2. ^{{cite news | last = Baxell | first = Richard |authorlink=Richard Baxell| title = Bob Doyle: International Brigader and shop steward for the print union Sogat | work = The Guardian | page = 24 | date = 2009-02-16}} 3. ^{{cite web|author= |url=http://comeheretome.wordpress.com/2010/04/27/dublin-red-headquarters-set-on-fire-twenty-injured-in-riots/ |title="Dublin ‘Red’ Headquarters Set On Fire, Twenty Injured In Riots" | Come here to me! |publisher=Comeheretome.wordpress.com |date= |accessdate=2013-08-18}} 4. ^{{cite book|title=The British in the Spanish Civil War and the Struggle Against Fascism|last=Baxell|first=Richard|authorlink=Richard Baxell|publisher=Aurum Press Ltd|date=2012|isbn=9781781312339|work=Chapter 8, Their Finest Hour, Page 147, battle of Jarama, reference to the death of Kit Conway}} 5. ^{{cite book|title=The Real Band Of Brothers – First hand accounts from the last British survivors of the Spanish Civil War|last=Arthur|first=Max|publisher=Collins|date=2009|isbn=9780007295098|work=Section 5 – Bob Doyle, Page 179, reference to Doyle’s arrival at Valencia on 8 July 1937}} 6. ^{{cite book|title=The Real Band Of Brothers – First hand accounts from the last British survivors of the Spanish Civil War|last=Arthur|first=Max|publisher=Collins|date=2009|isbn=9780007295098|work=Section 5 – Bob Doyle, Page 188, reference to Doyle’s capture by the Nationalists }} 7. ^{{cite book|title=Unlikely Warriors – The extraordinary story of the Britons who fought for Spain|last=Baxell|first=Richard|publisher=Aurum Press Ltd|date=2012|isbn=9781781312339|work=Chapter 19, You’ll all be shot, Page 147, reference to beatings and Gestapo interrogation of Doyle atSan Pedro POW Camp}} External links
9 : Irish people of the Spanish Civil War|1916 births|2009 deaths|People from County Dublin|Anti-fascists|Irish Republican Army (1922–69) members|British Merchant Navy personnel of World War II|Spanish Civil War prisoners of war|International Brigades personnel |
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