| 词条 | Bolkhovitinov DB-A | |||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The Bolkhovitinov DB-A (Dahl'niy Bombardirovshchik-Akademiya – long-range bomber, academy) was a heavy bomber aircraft designed and built in the USSR from {{avyear|1934}}. DevelopmentBolkhovitinov became the head of the VVIA design group at the VVA Zhukovsky ( - VVS academy Zhukovsky ) tasked with the design of a replacement for the Tupolev TB-3 heavy bomber. The resulting DB-A was advanced for its day, with stressed skin aluminium alloy construction throughout with clean lines, neatly cowled engines and trousered main undercarriage legs, with fully retracting main-wheels and tail-wheel. The split flaps, undercarriage, nose turret and bomb-bay doors were all operated by a pneumatic system recharged by engine-driven compressors. Flight trials began on 2 May 1935 at Khodinka piloted by N.G. Kastanyev and Ya.N. Moseyev, factory tests were completed by April {{avyear|1934}} and NII testing was carried out in May and June 1935. The excellent performance demonstrated included, sustained flight at an altitude of 2,500 m (8,202 ft) with two engines shut down, and 4,500 km range. A decision was made to fly nonstop from Moscow to the US, and the DB-A was modified to fly, at an overload weight of 34,700 kg (76,500 lb), carry enough fuel to fly 8,440 km (5,244 miles). The red-painted DB-A prototype under command of Sigizmund Levanevsky departed Moscow Shchyelkovo airport on 12 August {{avyear|1937}} on an attempt to fly to Fairbanks, Alaska. After 14 hours, 32 minutes, the crew sent a radio message that one engine had failed and gave a revised ETA for Fairbanks, but nothing further was heard from the DB-A, and the fate of the aircraft and crew remains a mystery. A second aircraft with increased gross weight, improved airframe, re-designed nose and more power was completed and flown in March {{avyear|1936}} as the DB-2A. An order for 16 aircraft was placed late in 1937, with the designation DBA, but only twelve were completed due to the advent of the TB-7/Pe-8. Variants
Specifications (DBA){{aerospecs|ref=Gunston, Bill. “The Osprey Encyclopaedia of Russian Aircraft 1875–1995”. London, Osprey. 1995. {{ISBN|1-85532-405-9}} |met or eng?=met |crew= 8 |capacity= |length m= 24.4 |length ft=80 |length in= 0-5/8 |span m=39.5 |span ft= 129 |span in= 7 |swept m= |swept ft= |swept in= |rot number= |rot dia m= |rot dia ft= |rot dia in= |dia m= |dia ft= |dia in= |width m= |width ft= |width in= |height m= |height ft= |height in= |wing area sqm= 230 |wing area sqft= 2,476 |swept area sqm= |swept area sqft= |rot area sqm= |rot area sqft= |volume m3= |volume ft3= |aspect ratio= |wing profile= |empty weight kg= 16,150 |empty weight lb= 35,605 |gross weight kg= 22,000 |gross weight lb= 48,500 |lift kg= |lift lb= |eng1 number= 4 |eng1 type=M-34FRN + turbo-chargers |eng1 kw= 671.1 |eng1 hp= 900 |eng1 kn= |eng1 lbf= |eng1 kn-ab= |eng1 lbf-ab= |eng2 number= |eng2 type= |eng2 kw= |eng2 hp= |eng2 kn= |eng2 lbf= |eng2 kn-ab= |eng2 lbf-ab= |max speed kmh= 316 |max speed mph= 196.4 |max speed mach= |cruise speed kmh= |cruise speed mph= |stall speed kmh= |stall speed mph= |range km= 4500 |range miles= 2,796 |endurance h= |endurance min= |ceiling m= 7,730 |ceiling ft= 25,360 |g limits= |roll rate= |glide ratio= |climb rate ms= |climb rate ftmin= |sink rate ms= |sink rate ftmin= |armament1= 2 x ShKAS 7.62mm machine-guns in each of the inner nacelle gun positions. |armament2= 1 x ShKAS 7.62mm machine-guns in nose and tail positions. |armament3= 1 x ShVAK 20mm cannon in the dorsal turret. |armament4= 5,000 kg of bombs in internal bomb-bay. |armament5= |armament6= }} See also{{aircontent|see also= |related= |similar aircraft=
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External links{{commons category}}
1 : Soviet bomber aircraft 1930–1939 |
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