| 词条 | Boma National Park |
| 释义 |
| name = Boma National Park | alt_name = | iucn_category = II | photo = | photo_alt = | photo_caption = | photo_width = | map = South Sudan | map_alt = | map_caption = Location in South Sudan | map_width = | relief =yes | location = | nearest_city = | coordinates = {{coords|6.489|N|33.914|E|notes=[1]|display=inline, title}} | area = {{convert|22800|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | established = 1977 | visitation_num = | visitation_year = | governing_body = | url = | child = | embedded = }} Boma National Park is a protected area in eastern South Sudan near the Ethiopian border. It was established in 1977 and covers {{convert|22800|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} of grasslands and floodplains.[2]WildlifeThe park is an important refuge for white-eared kob, tiang, and Mongalla gazelle. Other large mammals are buffalo, elephant, African leopard, Nubian giraffe, oryx, hartebeest, Northeast African cheetah,[3] common eland, Lelwel hartebeest, maneless zebra, waterbuck, Grant's gazelle, Lesser kudu, bongo, Giant eland, lion, and Nile lechwe.[4] It is also an important bird area; avifauna includes Ruppell's vulture and the black-chested snake eagle.[5][6] The neighboring Gambela National Park in Ethiopia protects similar species. Since 2005, the protected area is considered a lion conservation unit together with Gambella National Park.[7]
The most prominent species of the Boma National Park is the white-eared kob (Kobus kob leucotis) antelope. A UNEP study reports that the white-eared kob is found mostly to the east of Nile River in South Sudan within the clay plains and wetlands; though occurring in substantial numbers in the Boma National Park, it is reported to be found more outside the protected area. Its migration route and population during the summer and monsoon seasons have been recorded. Its migration route over the dry and wet seasons, which is dictated by the variation in rainfall and flooding from year to year, extends over {{convert|1600|km|mi|abbr=on}}; it encompasses different ecoregions in various tribal belts, and exposes the species to hunting threats. In comparison to the wet season count of 680,716 in 1980 (849,365 in dry season), the UNEP survey of 2001 reported only 176,120 during the wet season (although the two studies are not directly comparable).[8] The wildlife in this park has provided bush meat, which is not only a dominant food need for many people of Southern Sudan, but also an avenue of illegal trading supported by wildlife hunting that has caused biodiversity damage. The park accounts for the greatest concentration of wildlife in the country, particularly of mammals.[5] References1. ^Openstreetmap contributors {{Protected Areas of South Sudan}}2. ^World Database on Protected Areas{{dead link|date=November 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 3. ^Peter Amun: Bushmeat Field Assessment from Boma National Park in South Sudan. BEAN Bushmeat Factsheet 2009 4. ^{{cite book|title=Field & Stream|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cmFClEqEY0kC&pg=PA172|accessdate=31 July 2011|date=February 1973|pages=172–|issn=8755-8599}} 5. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://www.frameweb.org/adl/en-US/3794/file/479/SouthernSudanPeterFS_proof1.pdf|format=pdf|accessdate=31 July 2011|last1=Amum|first1=P.|first2=H.E. |last2=Eves |year=2009 |title=BEAN Bushmeat Fact Sheet: Boma National Park Assessment, Southern Sudan. Bushmeat-free Eastern Africa Network |work=bushmeatnetwork.org}} 6. ^{{cite book|last1=Ferguson-Lees|first1=James|last2=Christie|first2=David A.|title=Raptors of the world|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hlIztc05HTQC&pg=PA428|accessdate=31 July 2011|date=17 September 2001|publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt|isbn=978-0-618-12762-7|pages=428, 450–}} 7. ^{{cite book |title=Conservation Strategy for the Lion in West and Central Africa |publisher=IUCN |author=IUCN Cat Specialist Group |year=2006 |location=Yaounde, Cameroon}} 8. ^{{Cite web|author=UNEP|url=http://postconflict.unep.ch/publications/sudan/11_wildlife.pdf|format=pdf|title=Wildlife and Protected Area Management|accessdate=1 August 2011}} 3 : National parks of South Sudan|Protected areas established in 1986|1986 establishments in Sudan |
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