| 词条 | Brian Cowen nude portraits controversy |
| 释义 |
Right: A painting hung in the Royal Hibernian Academy}} Two oil paintings depicting the then-Taoiseach of Ireland Brian Cowen in the nude were briefly displayed in Dublin art galleries in March 2009.[1] The response of the media, politicians and the Garda Síochána (Irish police force) led to a sustained controversy referred to by some as Portraitgate.[1][2][3] PortraitsThe artist, initially unidentified, was eventually revealed to be Conor Casby, a school teacher in his thirties from Claremorris, County Mayo.[5] The first portrait was surreptitiously hung in the National Gallery of Ireland on 7 March 2009.[6] Casby is said to have entered the National Gallery carrying a shoulder bag,[1] and located a free space for his portrait and its caption among other portraits of prominent Irish people such as Michael Collins, W. B. Yeats, and Bono.[1] Casby then left the building unnoticed by security.[1] It was reported as having read: Brian Cowen, Politician 1960–2008. This portrait, acquired uncommissioned by the National Gallery, celebrates one of the finest politicians produced by Ireland since the foundation of the state. Following a spell at the helm of the Department of Finance during a period of unprecedented prosperity, Brian Cowen inherited the office of Taoiseach in 2008. Balancing a public image that ranges from fantastically intelligent analytical thinker to Big Ignorant Fucker from Offaly, the Taoiseach proves to be a challenging subject to represent.[1] The National Gallery called gardaí after it discovered the unauthorised painting. It has claimed that it had been hanging in public view for no more than twenty minutes before it was removed,[4] contradicting the Sunday Tribunes claim that it hung for over an hour.[1] The following day, 8 March, Casby hung a second painting of Cowen in the Royal Hibernian Academy (RHA). A woman attempted to buy the RHA portrait before it was removed.[1][5] Both paintings[6][7][8] depict Cowen from the waist up, wearing only his glasses. In the RHA painting, he is holding a pair of blue and white underpants in his left hand.[1] In the other, he is clutching a toilet roll.[1][9][21] Media reportsSunday Tribune reporter Ken Foxe was contacted by a source at the National Gallery on 9 March and was the first to break the story of Cowen's portraits. Subsequently, "Topsy Campbell" (a pseudonym for Casby) sent camera phone photographs of the paintings on display.[5] The incidents were first reported in the Tribune of 22 March.[5][10]RTÉOn 23 March, state broadcaster RTÉ ran a report on the hangings at the end of the Nine O'Clock News. The report by Tadhg Enright displayed the paintings, obtained an appraisal (of zero) from an art expert, and mentioned that Cowen was "not thought to have posed for the anonymous artist".[11] The report was not used on subsequent newscasts. On 24 March, the Nine O'Clock News included an apology "for any personal offence caused to Mr Cowen or his family or for any disrespect shown to the office of Taoiseach by [the prior] broadcast."[4][12] The original item was removed from the online archives at RTÉ.ie, and the apology added.[12] Today FMOn 24 March, The Ray D'Arcy Show on commercial radio station Today FM, covered the story. Producer Will Hanafin revealed that a friend of the artist had e-mailed photographs of a similarly styled painting to him in January, a caricature of the Taoiseach urinating in a full frontal nude pose. This painting has not been displayed publicly.[29] A Garda detective visited the station requesting the emails.[4] The Garda was said to have been "sheepish and apologetic" about the visit but indicated that he had received an order from "on high" to initiate an investigation.[29] Hanafin refused to comply with the Garda request and, being told that a search warrant would be sought,[4][12] labelled the entire affair as "crazy".[13] AbroadThe incident was covered by foreign newspapers, including The Times of London.[14] It was also covered in Canada.[36] OnlineBlogs and social network services such as Twitter were reported to be popular outlets for members of the general public to express their dissatisfaction at the attempted censorship and apology of RTÉ.[12] A YouTube video of the original RTÉ news report had received more than three thousand views within twenty-four hours.[12] The affair was nicknamed "Picturegate"[15] and "Cowengate"[16] in online discussions. Garda investigationThe Garda investigation was said to have taken six hours. The possible crimes were offending decency, incitement to hatred, and criminal damage for nailing the painting to the wall[4][12] (though it has also been reported that paintings were hung without the use of nails)[17] Investigators telephoned Casby and he entered Pearse Street Garda Station where he was interviewed for two hours, admitted to having hung the two paintings and was subsequently released.[18] He gave gardaí five more portraits of other politicians, including Michael McDowell.[4][5] A file was prepared for the director of public prosecutions, but it is expected that no charges will be brought.[4] Casby expressed his desire to "draw an end" to the matter by auctioning the paintings for charity.[4] Political reactionThe incidents attracted comment from politicians. The RTÉ News report was criticised as being in bad taste by Fianna Fáil Senators Maria Corrigan and Mary O'Rourke and TDs M. J. Nolan and Michael Kennedy. Fine Gael TD Michael W. D'Arcy called it the "most distasteful report I have seen on RTÉ in years".[11] Kennedy urged consideration for the feelings of Cowen's wife and children, and called on Director-General of RTÉ Cathal Goan to resign, but did not advocate charging the artist.[13] Some suggested the government had put pressure on RTÉ to withdraw the report and apologise, or on Today FM to co-operate with the Garda. The station received several complaints that the report was in bad taste, including one from the government press secretary, Eoghan Ó Neachtain, who claimed he was acting on his own initiative.[12] Fine Gael's Enda Kenny[19] and Charles Flanagan called it a restriction on freedom of expression.[18][20] Liz McManus of the Labour Party criticised RTÉ for "bow[ing] to political pressure".[20] RTÉ claimed the decision to withdraw the report was taken by RTÉ executives, and that Ó Neachtain's complaint was received after the late-night News on Two had already been broadcast without the report.[12]Some criticised the Garda investigation as a waste of resources. Fine Gael's Frances FitzGerald said it was "over the top"; Rónán Mullen defended it as appropriate.[20] Labour's Joan Burton said "While I sympathise with the Taoiseach and his family, the public has noticed that it took gardaí six months to go into the Anglo Irish Bank."[21] LegacyThe incidents are referred to in the 2009 episode of Reeling in the Years.[22] In 2011, it was reported that both paintings were on display in Sean Mac D's pub in Dublin.[23] See also
References1. ^{{cite news|first=Miriam|last=Lord|authorlink=Miriam Lord|title=No losing sight of the big picture as Portraitgate rumbles on|work=The Irish Times|page=10|date=26 March 2009|url=http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/ireland/2009/0326/1224243452282.html|accessdate=3 April 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150302225829/http://www.irishtimes.com/news/politics/oireachtas/no-losing-sight-of-the-big-picture-as-portraitgate-rumbles-on-1.730498|archivedate=2 March 2015}} 2. ^{{cite news|first=Lise|last=Hand|url=http://www.independent.ie/national-news/portraitgate-just-who-called-who--is-finally-laid-bare-1693308.html|title=Portraitgate: just who called who is finally laid bare|newspaper=Irish Independent|page=18|date=1 April 2009|accessdate=3 April 2009}} 3. ^{{cite news|first=Colin|last=Coyle|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/ireland/article5993135.ece|title=RTÉ's 'Portrait-gate' apology reopens self-censorship debate|newspaper=The Times|location=London|date=29 March 2009|accessdate=1 April 2009}} 4. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/northern_ireland/7964096.stm|title=Cowen artist 'could be charged'|publisher=BBC News|date=25 March 2009|accessdate=27 March 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150302230238/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/northern_ireland/7964096.stm|archivedate=2 March 2015}} 5. ^1 2 3 {{cite news|first=Ken |last=Foxe |url=http://www.tribune.ie/article/2009/mar/29/a-stunt-a-story-a-nut-and-a-hammer/ |title=A stunt, a story, a nut and a hammer |newspaper=Sunday Tribune |date=29 March 2009 |accessdate=29 March 2009 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090331022003/http://www.tribune.ie/article/2009/mar/29/a-stunt-a-story-a-nut-and-a-hammer/ |archivedate=31 March 2009 |df= }} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://blather.net/zeitgeist/archives/2009/03/brian_cowen_the_naked_taoiseac.html |title=Paintings on Google |publisher=Blather.net|date=24 March 2009|accessdate=27 June 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130520045245/http://blather.net/zeitgeist/archives/2009/03/brian_cowen_the_naked_taoiseac.html|archivedate=20 May 2013}} 7. ^Cowen nude portraits 8. ^The Emperor Has No Clothes {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091003033511/http://noordinaryfool.com/2009/03/25/cowensunderpants/ |date=3 October 2009 }} 9. ^{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/northern_ireland/7960997.stm|title=Naked taoiseach paintings removed|publisher=BBC News|date=24 March 2009|accessdate=27 March 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150302230406/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/northern_ireland/7960997.stm|archivedate=2 March 2015}} 10. ^{{cite news|first=Ken|last=Foxe|url=http://www.tribune.ie/news/home-news/article/2009/mar/22/cowen-hung-out-to-dry-in-national-gallery-hijack/#image_1|title=Cowen hung out to dry in National Gallery hijack|newspaper=Sunday Tribune|date=22 March 2009|accessdate=1 April 2009|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090327191317/http://www.tribune.ie/news/home-news/article/2009/mar/22/cowen-hung-out-to-dry-in-national-gallery-hijack/#image_1|archivedate=27 March 2009|df=dmy-all}} 11. ^1 {{cite news|first=Ronan|last=McGreevy|url=http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/ireland/2009/0326/1224243451815.html|title=Cowen not consulted before complaint to RTÉ|newspaper=The Irish Times|date=26 March 2009|accessdate=1 April 2009}} 12. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{cite web|url=http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/breaking/2009/0325/breaking38.htm|title=Gardaí visit radio station in Cowen painting inquiry|newspaper=The Irish Times|date=25 March 2009|accessdate=28 March 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150302230609/http://www.irishtimes.com/news/garda%C3%AD-visit-radio-station-in-cowen-painting-inquiry-1.838054|archivedate=2 March 2015}} 13. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=http://www.examiner.ie/ireland/idqlqleysn/|title=Today FM producer brands reaction 'crazy'|newspaper=Irish Examiner|date=26 March 2009|accessdate=28 March 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150302224032/http://www.irishexaminer.com/ireland/idqlqleysn/|archivedate=2 March 2015}} 14. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 {{cite news|first=David|last=Sharrock|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/europe/article5971027.ece|title=Brian Cowen is exposed to ridicule by art gallery guerrilla|newspaper=The Times|location=London|date=25 March 2009|accessdate=27 March 2009}} 15. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.siliconrepublic.com/news/article/12591/digital-life/picturegate-has-web-in-uproar|title=Irish internet in uproar over Picturegate censorship|work=Silicon Republic|date=26 March 2009|accessdate=26 March 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150302230815/http://www.siliconrepublic.com/news/article/12591/digital-life/picturegate-has-web-in-uproar|archivedate=2 March 2015}} 16. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cearta.ie/2009/03/cowengate-and-freedom-of-expression/|title=Cowengate and Freedom of Expression|work=cearta.ie|date=26 March 2009|accessdate=26 March 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150302230929/http://www.cearta.ie/2009/03/cowengate-and-freedom-of-expression/|archivedate=2 March 2015}} 17. ^1 {{cite news|url=http://www.cbc.ca/arts/artdesign/story/2009/03/27/cowen-nudes.html?ref=rss|title=Artist behind naughty nudes of Irish PM emerges|work=CBC News|date=27 March 2009|accessdate=27 March 2009}} 18. ^1 2 {{cite news|url=http://www.rte.ie/news/2009/0325/cowenb.html|title=Teacher questioned over Cowen paintings|publisher=RTÉ News|date=25 March 2009|accessdate=27 March 2009}} 19. ^{{cite news|first=Michael|last=O'Regan|url=http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/ireland/2009/0327/1224243552769.html|title=Ceann Comhairle exasperated as Kenny fails to see the bigger picture|newspaper=The Irish Times|date=27 March 2009|accessdate=27 March 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150302231103/http://www.irishtimes.com/news/politics/oireachtas/ceann-comhairle-exasperated-as-kenny-fails-to-see-the-bigger-picture-1.731374|archivedate=2 March 2015}} 20. ^1 2 {{cite news|url=http://www.rte.ie/news/2009/0326/cowenb.html|title=Opposition slams Govt over portrait pressure|publisher=RTÉ News|date=26 March 2009|accessdate=28 March 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150302231227/http://www.rte.ie/news/2009/0326/115596-cowenb/|archivedate=2 March 2015}} 21. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.tribune.ie/news/home-news/article/2009/mar/29/it-took-gardai-six-months-to-go-into-anglo-irish-r/ |title='It took Gardaí six months to go into Anglo Irish': reaction to cowengate |date=29 March 2009 |newspaper=Sunday Tribune |accessdate=1 April 2009 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090402180945/http://www.tribune.ie/news/home-news/article/2009/mar/29/it-took-gardai-six-months-to-go-into-anglo-irish-r/ |archivedate= 2 April 2009 |df= }} 22. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rte.ie/tv/reelingintheyears/2009.html|title=The 2000s: 2009|work=Reeling in the Years}} 23. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.thejournal.ie/naked-brian-cowen-pictures-make-a-comeback-80608-Feb2011/|title=Naked Brian Cowen pictures make a comeback|publisher=TheJournal.ie|date=9 June 2013 |accessdate=27 June 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150302230102/http://www.thejournal.ie/naked-brian-cowen-pictures-make-a-comeback-80608-Feb2011/|archivedate=2 March 2015}} External links
18 : 2009 controversies|2009 in Irish politics|2009 in Irish television|2009 in radio|2009 paintings|Brian Cowen|Caricature|Censorship in the Republic of Ireland|Clothing-free events|Cultural depictions of Taoisigh|Culture jamming|Nude art|Nudity and protest|Political satire|Political scandals in the Republic of Ireland|RTÉ controversies|The Ray D'Arcy Show|Portraits of politicians |
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