“Broom Junction railway station”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Broom Junction was a railway station and interchange between the Stratford-upon-Avon and Midland Junction Railway and the Barnt Green to Ashchurch line. Although initially only an exchange station, it was opened to the public from 1880 and remained in service until 1963. Other than passengers changing trains, passenger traffic was low as the station was situated in a sparsely populated area near Broom in Warwickshire. The line to Stratford was the first to close in 1960, followed by the Barnt Green line in 1962.

History

In 1873, the East and West Junction Railway (E&WJ) received Parliamentary authorisation to construct a {{convert|7.75|mi}} eastwards extension of its Stratford to Blisworth line to join with the Evesham & Redditch Railway's (E&R) Barnt Green to Ashchurch line which had opened six years previously. The new line joined at the Warwickshire village of Broom where it formed a northward facing junction with the E&R's line.^[3] In completing the line to Broom, the length of the Stratford-upon-Avon and Midland Junction Railway (SMJR) was increased to {{convert|45|mi}}, rising to {{convert|55.5|mi}} in 1882 with the completion of a further extension south to Olney railway station.^[4] The completed line also provided a connection between two lines worked by the Midland Railway which absorbed the E&R in 1882.

The new line opened to traffic on 2 June 1879 and an island platform was provided at Broom to allow passengers to change trains en route. Trains from the E&WJ worked into a single north-facing platform by an awkward west to north movement, across the

main lines. The return journey required a reversal south to the engine turntable situated at the end of a siding on the other side of the road bridge.^[5] The Midland allowed the E&WJ to use the station subject to the sharing of costs,^[6] and the E&WJ were given running rights over the Midland's line although it only ever exercised use of the {{convert|5|chain}} into the station.^[7]

Broom first appeared in public timetables in November 1880.^[8] Meagre passenger facilities were provided in the shape of two old coach bodies and a small brick booking office; a sectional concrete shed was added later.^[9] At first two north and south signal boxes were provided, but this arrangement was rationalised in 1934 by the London, Midland and Scottish Railway, which concentrated the junction's workings into one box known as Broom Junction.^[10] The advent of the Second World War led to the installation of a south-to-east curve between the SMJR and Barnt Green line to allow through running of Gloucester to London services.^[11] This required two new signal boxes: one on the curve entrance from Stratford known as Broom West, and another on the original connecting line known as Broom East. All three later closed on 5 July 1962.^[12]

As a passenger station, Broom was not particularly successful: it served a small rural community and was very susceptible to road competition. Passenger services to Stratford were temporarily withdrawn on 16 June 1947 and permanently from 23 May 1949, at which point the station was only seeing two daily workings.^[10] Its ghost lingered on in the Barnt Green to Ashchurch timetables until 1962, as the 1pm service from {{stnlnk|Birmingham New Street}} to {{stnlnk|Ashchurch}} continued to wait at Broom for 20 minutes for a connection which had long ceased.^[13] Goods services between Stratford and Broom continued until 13 June 1960, the freight being diverted via a new south curve at Stratford between the SMJR and Honeybourne line. The Barnt Green line itself closed between {{stnlnk|Redditch}} and {{stnlnk|Evesham}} from 1 October 1962 due to the unsafe condition of the track; British Railways provided a replacement bus service using hired Midland Red buses, but this was found to be similarly uneconomical and was withdrawn from 17 June 1963.^[14]

Present day

Although the station buildings have been cleared away, remnants of the platform still remain.^[15] The trackbed running through the site has been incorporated into a north-south footpath. The site was used for some time as a depot for Warwickshire County Council's Highways Department.^[16] A replica of Broom's station building has been constructed at Swanwick Junction station.

References

1. ^Butt, R.V.J. (1995). The Directory of Railway Stations, Patrick Stephens Ltd, Sparkford, {{ISBN|1-85260-508-1}}, p. 46.
2. ^{{Cite book | last=Clinker|first= C.R. | authorlink= | title=Clinker's Register of Closed Passenger Stations and Goods Depots in England, Scotland and Wales 1830-1977 | date=October 1978 | publisher=Avon-AngliA Publications & Services | location=Bristol | isbn=0-905466-19-5 | page=20}}
3. ^{{Cite book | first = J.M. | last = Dunn | authorlink= | title=The Stratford & Midland Junction Railway | year=1977 | publisher=The Oakwood Press | location=Blandford, Dorset | isbn=0-85361-036-3 | pages=5–6}}
4. ^{{Cite book | first = R.C. | last = Riley | authorlink= | last2= Simpson|first2= B.| title=A History of the Stratford-upon-Avon & Midland Junction Railway | year=1999 | publisher=Lamplight Publications | location=Witney, Oxon | isbn=978-1-899246-20-5| page=13}}
5. ^{{Cite book | first = John | last = Boynton | authorlink= | title=Shakespeare's Railways: The lines around Stratford-upon-Avon Then and Now | year=1994 | publisher=Mid England Books | location=Kidderminster, Worcs | isbn=0-9522248-1-X | page=23}}
6. ^{{Cite book | last=Jordan | first=Arthur | title=The Stratford-upon-Avon and Midland Junction Railway: the Shakespeare route | year=1982 | publisher=Oxford Railway Pub. Co. | location=Headington, Oxford | isbn=978-0-86093-131-7 | page=66}}
7. ^Riley, R.C. and Simpson, B., p. 13.
8. ^{{cite book | last = Croughton | first = G. | authorlink = | last2 = Kidner|first2= R.W. |last3= Young|first3= A. | title = Private and Untimetabled Railway Stations | publisher = Oakwood Press | year = 1982 | location = Trowbridge, Wilts | page = 52 | isbn = 0-85361-281-1 }}
9. ^{{Cite book | last=Mitchell |first= Vic | last2 = Smith|first2= Keith | authorlink= | title=Branch Lines Around Towcester | date=November 2008 | publisher=Middleton Press | location=Midhurst, West Sussex | isbn=978-1-906008-39-0 | page=Plates 32 and 33}}
10. ^¹Riley, R.C. and Simpson, B., p. 49.
11. ^{{Cite book | last=Davies|first= R.|last2= Grant|first2= M.D. | authorlink= | title=Forgotten Railways: Chilterns and Cotswolds | year=1984 | publisher=David St John Thomas | location=Newton Abbot, Devon | isbn=0-946537-07-0 | page=138}}
12. ^Mitchell, V. and Smith, K., Plate 32.
13. ^Boynton, J., p. 31.
14. ^Davies, R. and Grant, M.D., p. 154.
15. ^Subterranea Britannica, "Broom Junction", 24 February 2008.
16. ^Rail Around Birmingham and the West Midlands.

History

Present day

References

Further reading