| 词条 | Hectocotylus | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
A hectocotylus (plural: hectocotyli) is one of the arms of male cephalopods that is specialized to store and transfer spermatophores to the female.[1] Structurally, hectocotyli are muscular hydrostats. Depending on the species, the male may use it merely as a conduit to the female, or he may wrench it off and present it to the female. The hectocotyl arm was first described in Aristotle's biological works. Although Aristotle knew of its use in mating, he was doubtful that a tentacle could deliver sperm. The name hectocotylus was devised by Georges Cuvier, who first found one embedded in the mantle of a female argonaut. Supposing it to be a parasitic worm, in 1829 Cuvier gave it a generic name.[2][3][4][5] AnatomyGeneralized anatomy of squid and octopod hectocotyli: {{multiple image| align=left | width1 = 189 | image1 =Hectocotylized arm of a squid.jpg | alt1 = | caption1 =Squid | width2 = 380 | image2 =Hectocotylized arm of an octopod.jpg | alt2 = | caption2 =Octopod }}{{clear left}} VariabilityHectocotyli are shaped in many distinctive ways, and vary considerably between species. The shape of the tip of the hectocotylus has been much used in octopus systematics.
References{{Commons category|Hectocotylus}}1. ^{{cite book|author1=Roger T. Hanlon|author2=John B. Messenger|title=Cephalopod Behaviour|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oppPDwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q=hectocotylus&f=false|date=22 March 2018|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1-108-54674-4}} {{Cephalopod anatomy}}2. ^Leroi, Armand Marie. The Lagoon: How Aristotle Invented Science'. https://books.google.de/books?id=-DVBAwAAQBAJ&lpg=PT79&ots=G_61_CioQn&dq=aristotle%20hectocotylus&pg=PT80#v=onepage&q=aristotle%20hectocotylus&f=false 3. ^Thompson, D'Arcy Wentworth. 1913. On Aristotle as a biologist, with a prooemion on Herbert Spencer. Being the Herbert Spencer Lecture before the University of Oxford, on February 14, 1913. Oxford University Press. Page 19. 4. ^Nixon M. & Young J.Z. 2003. [https://books.google.com/books?id=BRvrtsuKc6MC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q=hectocotylus&f=false The brains and lives of Cephalopods]. Oxford University Press. 5. ^[https://www.gbif.org/species/3246735 GBIF:Hectocotylus Cuvier, 1829]. Accessed on 21 November 2016 6. ^1 Young, R.E., M. Vecchione & K.M. Mangold (1999). Cephalopoda Glossary. Tree of Life Web Project. 7. ^Robson, G.C. 1929. On a case of bilateral hectocotylization in Octopus rugosus. Journal of Zoology 99(1): 95–97. {{DOI|10.1111/j.1469-7998.1929.tb07690.x}} 8. ^Palacio, F.J. 1973. {{cite web|url= https://archive.org/details/nautilus87amer |title=On the double hectocotylization of octopods. }} The Nautilus 87: 99–102. 3 : Cephalopod zootomy|Sex organs|Animal male reproductive system |
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