| 词条 | Helena River |
| 释义 |
The Helena River is a tributary of the Swan River in Western Australia. The river rises in country east of Mount Dale and flows north-west to Mundaring Weir, where it is dammed. It then flows west until it reaches the Darling Scarp. It passes through the western edge of the Darling Scarp between Gooseberry Hill, and Greenmount Hill before joining the Swan River at the southern edge of the historic town, now suburb, of Guildford. Catchment areaMany of the tributaries of the Helena River are unnamed due to their seasonality and size. However, on the northern side of the catchment Nyaania Creek and on the southern side Piesse Brook are significant in their moving through built up areas which makes them susceptible to urban environment issues. Upper Helena catchment (i.e. above Mundaring Weir) has on the north side of Lake C.Y. O'Connor (formerly the Helena River Reservoir) a range of named creeks that occur in State Forest no 71 and 13:
EnvironmentIn the higher ground the Helena River passes mainly through State Forest or reserve. This has been beneficial for some of the catchment area, as it has been an important buffer between the urban settlements in the Mundaring and Kalamunda areas. The flora of the Helena valley has been recognised as being of importance because of the relative richness. It is at Darlington, and the locality of Helena Valley that there is housing and agriculture on its banks before it emerges out on to the Swan Coastal Plain. At Bellevue and Midland the river has historically passed hazardous industrial sites. This includes the Midland Railway Workshops site and the Midland livestock sale yards. DamsIt is dammed in two places – the best known is the upper river dam known as Mundaring Weir which was part of C.Y O'Connor's Goldfields Water Supply Scheme. Since the lower dam – known as the Lower Helena Pipehead Dam has been constructed in the 1970s, flooding of the lower Helena River (in East Guildford and Guildford) has been substantially reduced. Most of the water collected in the Pipehead Dam is pumped back into Mundaring Weir. Due to this, restrictions in the Helena River catchment have been made to not allow activities that affect the quality of the Pipehad Dam – despite being adjacent to the built up areas within the Shire of Mundaring on the north side of the Helena River catchment.[1][2] BridgesThe bridges design and strength were relevant to higher water flow prior to the construction of the pipehead dam, as significant flooding occurred in the early and mid twentieth century. The main bridges are at: –
Notes1. ^{{Citation | author1=Western Australian Planning Commission | author2=Western Australia. Water and Rivers Commission | title=Middle Helena catchment area land use and water management strategy : published by the Western Australian Planning Commission for public comment, August 2003 | publication-date=2003 | publisher=Western Australian Planning Commission | isbn=978-0-7309-9393-3 }} 2. ^{{Citation | author1=Western Australian Planning Commission | title=Middle Helena catchment area land use and water management strategy | publication-date=2010 | publisher=Western Australian Planning Commission | isbn=978-0-7309-9976-8 }} 3. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite web|url=https://www.mainroads.wa.gov.au/OurRoads/Facts/Pages/StateRoadNetworkMaps.aspx|title=Road Information Mapping |publisher=Main Roads, Western Australia|date=2017-04-04}} References{{refbegin}}
3 : Swan River (Western Australia)|Darling Range|Helena River |
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