| 词条 | Bury Castle, Selworthy |
| 释义 |
|name = Bury Castle |partof = |location = Selworthy, Somerset, England |image = |caption = The site of Bury Castle |map_type = Somerset |map_size = 200 |map_caption = Shown within Somerset and the British Isles |type = Hillfort |coordinates = {{coord|51.2134|N|3.5512|W|type:landmark_region:GB|display=inline,title}} |gridref = {{gbmapping|SS917471}} |code = |built = |builder = |materials = |height = |used = |demolished = |condition = |ownership = National Trust |open_to_public = Yes |controlledby = |garrison = |current_commander = |commanders = |occupants = |battles = |events = |image2 = |caption2 = }}Bury Castle is an Iron Age hill fort near Selworthy, Somerset, England.[1] It has been scheduled as an ancient monument.[2] HistoryBury Castle was built on a spur of land overlooking the surrounding terrain.[2] The Bury Castle hillfort covers {{convert|0.2|ha|acre}} in internal area. The main enclosure has a single rampart and ditch, with steep drops on the north, east and south sides. The bank is up to {{convert|1.6|m}} high with a ditch {{convert|2|m}} deep.[3] There is an additional rampart {{convert|30|m|ft|0}} to the west, with a deep ditch. The rampart is revetted with drystone walling.[1][4] Hill forts developed in the Late Bronze and Early Iron Age, roughly the start of the first millennium BC.[5] The reason for the emergence of hillforts in Britain, and their purpose, has been a subject of debate. It has been argued that they could have been military sites constructed in response to invasion from continental Europe, sites built by invaders, or a military reaction to social tensions caused by an increasing population and consequent pressure on agriculture. The dominant view since the 1960s has been that the increasing use of iron led to social changes in Britain. Deposits of iron ore were located in different places to the tin and copper ore necessary to make bronze, and as a result trading patterns shifted and the old elites lost their economic and social status.[6] Archaeologist Barry Cunliffe has argued that while widespread war was not typical during the period, hill forts reflected the tensions at the time, and did provide defensive strongholds when conflicts broke out, as well as playing an important political role for the new elites.[7] TodayBury Castle is today protected as a Scheduled Ancient Monument[8] and owned by the National Trust.[1] It has been added to the Heritage at Risk register due to vulnerability from scrub or tree growth.[9] See also
References1. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=Bury Castle |url=http://www.pastscape.org.uk/hob.aspx?hob_id=36765 |work=National Monument Record |publisher=English Heritage |accessdate=21 March 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120225071938/http://www.pastscape.org.uk/hob.aspx?hob_id=36765 |archivedate=25 February 2012 |df= }} 2. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.somersetheritage.org.uk/record/33985 | title=Bury Castle, an Iron Age defended settlement, No:24025 | work=Somerset Historic Environment Record | publisher=Somerset County Council | accessdate= 16 July 2011}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=Bury Castle, Selworthy|url=http://www.heritagegateway.org.uk/Gateway/Results_Single.aspx?uid=MSO8008&resourceID=1022|website=Exmoor Historic Environment Record|publisher=Exmoor National Park|accessdate=1 November 2016}} 4. ^{{cite web|title=Bury Castle |url=http://www.heritagegateway.org.uk/Gateway/Results_Single.aspx?uid=MSO8008&resourceID=1022 | work=Exmoor Historic Environment Record|publisher=English Heritage|accessdate=21 March 2011}} 5. ^{{citation |first1=Andrew |last1=Payne |first2=Mark |last2=Corney |first3=Barry |last3=Cunliffe |title=The Wessex Hillforts Project: Extensive Survey of Hillfort Interiors in Central Southern England |publisher=English Heritage |year=2007 |isbn=978-1-873592-85-4 |url=http://www.english-heritage.org.uk/server/show/ConWebDoc.10744 | page=1}} 6. ^{{citation |last=Sharples |first=Niall M |title=English Heritage Book of Maiden Castle |publisher=B. T. Batsford |year=1991 |location=London |isbn=0-7134-6083-0 | pages=71–72}} 7. ^{{citation |url=http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/T/timeteam/2008/swords/swords-found.html |title=Time Team: Swords, skulls and strongholds |publisher=Channel 4 |date=2008-05-19 |accessdate=16 September 2009}} 8. ^1 {{cite web|title=Bury Castle, an Iron Age defended settlement|url=https://www.historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1008808|website=National Heritage List for England|publisher=Historic England|accessdate=31 October 2016}} 9. ^{{cite web|title=Bury Castle, an Iron Age defended settlement, Selworthy, West Somerset — Exmoor (NP)|url=http://risk.english-heritage.org.uk/register.aspx?id=33478|work=Heritage at Risk|publisher=English Heritage|accessdate=20 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022203410/http://risk.english-heritage.org.uk/register.aspx?id=33478#|archive-date=2013-10-22|dead-url=yes|df=}} Further reading
4 : Castles in Somerset|Hill forts in Somerset|Scheduled Ancient Monuments in West Somerset|Structures on the Heritage at Risk register in Somerset |
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