| 词条 | Hellhammer | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Hellhammer | image = Hellhammer logo.jpg | caption = Hellhammer's logo | image_size = | background = group_or_band | origin = Nurensdorf, Switzerland | genre = Black metal, thrash metal | years_active = 1981–1984 | label = Noise, Century Media | associated_acts = Celtic Frost, Triptykon | website = www.hellhammer.org | current_members = | past_members = Thomas Gabriel Fischer Urs Sprenger Pete Stratton Jörg Neubart Martin Eric Ain }}Hellhammer was a Swiss extreme metal band from Nurensdorf,[1] active during 1981–1984. They are regarded as a key influence on black metal,[2] and one of the founders of death metal.[3] In June 1984, Hellhammer disbanded and founded another highly influential band, Celtic Frost.[4] BiographyInspired by the music of Black Sabbath, Venom, Raven, and Motörhead,[5] guitarist/vocalist Thomas Gabriel Fischer (a.k.a. "Tom Warrior"), bassist/vocalist Urs Sprenger (a.k.a. "Steve Warrior") and drummer Pete Stratton formed Hammerhead (later Hellhammer) in early 1981.[6] Although Fischer was also "blown away" by the first two Discharge records - Why? and Hear Nothing See Nothing Say Nothing - he "was not into punk at all."[7] After the exit of Stratton and drummer Jörg Neubart (a.k.a. "Bruce Day") joining in the ranks in autumn 1982, Hellhammer attempted to find proper rehearsal spaces, which proved difficult due to either exceedingly high rents or unavailable studio hours.[8] In June 1983, the group recorded their first demo tape, Triumph of Death, for a mere $70.[9] Despite being embarrassed by the end results, Hellhammer shipped their demo to a number of heavy metal magazines, such as Great Britain's Metal Forces; critical response toward them was generally favorable.[10] Although rejected by the labels they sent tapes to, the band eventually caught the attention of newcomer Noise Records.[11] Steve Warrior had been replaced by former Schizo bassist Martin Eric Ain, a change which marked the beginning of a serious and radical transformation in the band's music and lyrics. These changes were ultimately responsible for Fischer's and Ain's increasing perception of being limited within the confines of the purposely primitive Hellhammer vehicle. On May 31, 1984, Hellhammer disbanded, and on June 1 changed its name to Celtic Frost.[4] At the dawn of the next decade Noise Records released a new version of Hellhammer's debut, retitled Apocalyptic Raids 1990 A.D. This re-issue was augmented by two tracks off the Death Metal compilation, which was "something we always wanted to, even back in '84", claimed Tom Warrior. This re-release also came with a new cover design done by Martin Ain.[12] In November 2007, Tom Gabriel Fischer announced that the original master tapes of Hellhammer's demos (Death Fiend, Triumph of Death, and Satanic Rites) would be released as a 2CD/3LP package, titled Demon Entrails, in February 2008 with new liner notes on the complete history of Hellhammer, unreleased photos and artwork, and all tracks remastered personally by Tom Gabriel Fischer, Martin Eric Ain and Steve Warrior.{{Citation needed|date=May 2008}} The album was released by Prowlin' Death/Century Media Records. Additionally, Tom Fischer has released a book titled Only Death Is Real: An Illustrated History of Hellhammer and early Celtic Frost 1981-1985, which documents the early days of said bands.[13] The book featured a foreword by Darkthrone guitarist Nocturno Culto and an introduction by the author Joel McIver. In 2016, both Century Media and Prowling Death Records joint released an unreleased 7" vinyl single the band originally recorded in 1983 titled Blood Insanity. Tom Gabriel Fischer explained that the band contemplated releasing material they recorded at the time of the Triumph of Death demo sessions which would contain two songs. Unfortunately, the single languished into an unrealized state until the band's split, rendering any plans for future releases redundant. Fischer went on to say that it never left his mind since then and presented the idea of releasing the single to Century Media, in which the record company agreed.[14] CriticismAlthough its former members felt proud of Hellhammer's legacy by the end of the 1980s, that was not always so.[12] In fact, Tom Warrior feared that his prior commitment to Hellhammer could hinder the future of Celtic Frost.{{Citation needed|date=May 2008}} A 1985 Kerrang! review summed up his worst fears: "The truly execrable Hellhammer may now have turned into Celtic Frost but still suck on the big one."[15] Other metal publications were also skeptical of Hellhammer's musical endeavor. Metal Forces, for one, absolutely loathed the group; that started a long-lasting feud between that zine and Warrior, which kept Celtic Frost from playing in England for a couple of years.[15] Rock Power was not fond of Hellhammer either - they considered it "the most terrible, abhorrent, and atrocious thing 'musicians' were ever allowed to record".[16] In fact, they were "receiving miserable reviews everywhere", Warrior concluded.[4] Regarding the controversial status of his former band, Thomas said: {{cquote|Way back in 1984 and 85, when Martin Eric Ain and I recorded Celtic Frost's first two albums Morbid Tales and To Mega Therion, Hellhammer lasted on us almost like a curse. Even though Hellhammer was the very reason we had thought over our goals and conceived the Frost, HH's left-overs kept being mighty rocks in our way. Many voices saw Frost as the same band with just a name-change. The lack of musical quality in HH made it almost impossible for us to get an unbiased reaction for Frost. To make a long story short, it almost killed all our work and dreams.[12]}}LegacyA four-track 12" EP, Apocalyptic Raids, was released in March 1984. At the time, it was regarded as one of the heaviest and most extreme records produced.{{Citation needed|date=April 2015}} By then, the band had already broken up, but the recording was one of the original black/death metal recordings, and spawned a legion of imitators, playing doom metal, thrash metal, black metal and death metal.{{Citation needed|date=April 2015}} Both Fischer and Ain later teamed up again when forming Celtic Frost in summer of 1984. Countless Hellhammer cover versions by numerous underground bands exist.{{Citation needed|date=April 2015}} Hellhammer covers by notable bands include Napalm Death,[17] Sepultura,[18] Samael,[19] Incantation,[20] Slaughter,[21] Behemoth,[22] and Gallhammer.[23] Fischer's post-Celtic Frost band, Apollyon Sun, also re-worked "Messiah".{{Citation needed|date=April 2015}} Band's membersFinal
Previous members
Timeline{{#tag:timeline|ImageSize = width:900 height:auto barincrement:20 PlotArea = left:100 bottom:60 top:10 right:15 Alignbars = justify DateFormat = mm/dd/yyyy Period = from:05/01/1981 till:05/31/1984 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal format:yyyy Legend = orientation:horizontal position:bottom ScaleMajor = increment:1 start:1982 ScaleMinor = increment:1 start:1982 Colors = id:Vocals value:red legend:Lead_Vocals id:Guitar value:green legend:Guitars id:Bass value:blue legend:Bass id:Drums value:orange legend:Drums id:BackingVocals value:pink legend:Backing_Vocals id:Ep value:black legend:Ep_Releases id:other value:gray(0.40) legend:Demos LineData = at:06/15/1983 color:other at:07/20/1983 color:other at:12/24/1983 color:other at:03/08/1984 color:black BarData = bar:Satanic text:"Satanic Slaughter" bar:Dei text:"Dei Infernali" bar:Savage text:"Savage Damage" bar:Evoked text:"Evoked Damnator" bar:Grim text:"Grim Decapitator" bar:Slayed text:"Slayed Necros" bar:Pete text:"Pete Stratton" bar:Denial text:"Denial Fiend" PlotData= width:13 textcolor:black align:left anchor:from shift:(10,-4) bar:Satanic from:05/01/1981 till:05/31/1984 color:vocals bar:Satanic from:05/01/1981 till:05/31/1984 color:guitar width:3 bar:Dei from:04/10/1984 till:05/31/1984 color:guitar bar:Savage from:05/01/1981 till:07/01/1983 color:bass bar:Savage from:05/01/1981 till:07/01/1983 color:BackingVocals width:3 bar:Evoked from:07/01/1983 till:09/01/1983 color:bass bar:Grim from:09/01/1983 till:12/01/1983 color:bass bar:Slayed from:12/01/1983 till:05/31/1984 color:bass bar:Pete from:05/01/1981 till:09/30/1982 color:Drums bar:Denial from:10/01/1982 till:05/31/1984 color:Drums }} DiscographyDemos
Studio releases
2017 Killing Fields Compilation albums
Notes1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.metal-archives.com/bands/Hellhammer/287|title=Hellhammer - Encyclopaedia Metallum: The Metal Archives|publisher=}} 2. ^{{cite web |author=Rivadavia, Eduardo |url={{Allmusic|class=artist|id=hellhammer-mn0000677842|pure_url=yes}} |title=((( Hellhammer > Overview ))) |work= |accessdate=May 9, 2008}} 3. ^Fischer (2000), p. 78. 4. ^1 2 Fischer (2000), p. 80. 5. ^Fischer (2000), pp. 62 & 64. 6. ^Fischer (2000), p. 65. 7. ^Bennett (2009), p. 34. 8. ^Fischer (2000), pp. 65 & 66. 9. ^Fischer (2000), p. 72. 10. ^Fischer (2000), p. 73. 11. ^Fischer (2000), p. 75. 12. ^1 2 {{cite AV media notes |title=Apocalyptic Raids 1990 A.D. |titlelink=Apocalyptic Raids 1990 A.D. |others=Hellhammer |year=1990 |chapter=The Macabre Existence of Hellhammer |first=Thomas Gabriel |last=Warrior |page=2 |type=CD booklet |publisher=Modern Music Records |location=Berlin, Germany}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bazillionpoints.com/shop/only-death-is-real-history-of-hellhammer-and-early-celtic-frost-by-tom-gabriel-fisher/|title=ONLY DEATH IS REAL: An Illustrated History of Hellhammer and Early Celtic Frost 1981–1985, by Tom Gabriel Fischer with Martin Eric Ain|publisher=}} 14. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.blabbermouth.net/news/hellhammers-previously-unreleased-blood-insanity-7-vinyl-single-to-see-light-of-day/|title=HELLHAMMER's Previously Unreleased 'Blood Insanity' 7" Vinyl Single To See Light Of Day|publisher=Blabbermouth.net|accessdate=July 5, 2016}} 15. ^1 Gregori (2003), p. 11. 16. ^{{cite web|url=http://www2.centurymedia.com/index.aspx?page=detailed_artist&id_artist=192 |title='Death Fiends': A Short Biography of Hellhammer |date=December 2007 |author=Doe, Bernard |work=Century Media Records |accessdate=May 10, 2008 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080119104859/http://www2.centurymedia.com/index.aspx?page=detailed_artist&id_artist=192 |archivedate=January 19, 2008 |df=mdy-all }} 17. ^{{cite web |url={{Allmusic|class=album|id=leaders-not-followers-pt-2-mw0000302182|pure_url=yes}} |title=((( Leaders Not Followers, Pt. 2 > Overview ))) |author=Rivadavia, Eduardo |work=|accessdate=May 9, 2008}} 18. ^{{cite web |url={{Allmusic|class=album|id=revolusongs-mw0000457874|pure_url=yes}} |title=((( Revolusongs > Overview ))) |author=Loftus, Johnny |work= |accessdate=May 9, 2008}} 19. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.metal-archives.com/albums/Samael/Medieval_Prophecy/98|title=Samael - Medieval Prophecy|publisher=|accessdate=10 April 2015}} 20. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.metal-archives.com/albums/Incantation/Rehearsal_Demo/2908|title=Incantation - Rehearsal demo|publisher=|accessdate=24 April 2015}} 21. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.metal-archives.com/albums/Slaughter/Surrender_or_Die/12536|title=Slaughter - Surrender or Die|publisher=|accessdate=24 April 2015}} 22. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.metal-archives.com/albums/Behemoth/The_Return_of_the_Northern_Moon/15611|title=Behemoth - The Return of the Northern Moon|publisher=|accessdate=24 April 2015}} 23. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.metal-archives.com/albums/Gallhammer/The_Worship/74840|title=Gallhammer - The Worship|publisher=|accessdate=24 April 2015}} References
External links{{Commons category|Hellhammer}}
8 : Swiss heavy metal musical groups|Swiss black metal musical groups|Swiss death metal musical groups|Swiss musical trios|Musical groups established in 1982|Musical groups disestablished in 1984|Century Media Records artists|1982 establishments in Switzerland |
|||||||||||||||||||||
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。