| 释义 |
- Mathematics
- Metallurgy
- Physics
- Technology
- Awards
- Births
- Deaths
- References
{{Year nav topic5|1740|science}}The year 1740 in science and technology involved some significant events. Mathematics- Jean Paul de Gua de Malves publishes his work of analytic geometry, {{sic|Usages de l'analyse de Descartes pour découvrir, sans le secours du calcul differentiel, les propriétés, ou affections principales des lignes géométriques de tous les ordres}}.
Metallurgy- Benjamin Huntsman develops the technique of crucible steel production at Handsworth, South Yorkshire, England.[1]
Physics- Jacques-Barthélemy Micheli du Crest creates a spirit thermometer, making use of two fixed points, 0 for "Temperature of earth" based on a cave at Paris Observatory and 100 for the heat of boiling water.[2]
- Émilie du Châtelet publishes Institutions de Physique, including a demonstration that the energy of a moving object is proportional to the square of its velocity (Ek = {{frac|1|2}}mv²).
- Louis Bertrand Castel publishes L'Optique des couleurs in Paris, including the observation that the colours of white light split by a prism depend on distance from the prism.
Technology- Henry Hindley of Yorkshire invents a device to cut the teeth of clock wheels.[3]
Awards- Copley Medal: Alexander Stuart
Births- February 17 – Horace-Bénédict de Saussure, pioneer of Alpine studies (died 1799)
- June 27 – John Latham, physician, naturalist, "grandfather of Australian ornithology" (died 1837)
- July 1 – Franz-Joseph Müller von Reichenstein, mineralogist and discoverer of tellurium (died 1825)
- August 26 – Joseph Michel Montgolfier, pioneer balloonist (died 1810)
- September 29 – Thomas Percival, reforming physician and medical ethicist (died 1804)
- December 24 – Anders Johan Lexell, astronomer and mathematician (died 1784)
- unknown – William Smellie, naturalist and encyclopedist (died 1795)
Deaths- March 23 – Olof Rudbeck the Younger, Swedish naturalist (born 1660).
References1. ^{{cite book|first=Samuel|last=Smiles|authorlink=Samuel Smiles|title=Industrial Biography|year=1879|page=99}}
2. ^{{cite book|last=Hutton|first=Charles|title=A Philosophical and Mathematical Dictionary: Volume 2|year=1815|publisher=S. Hamilton|location=Weybridge, Surrey|page=509|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lsdJAAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false}}
3. ^{{cite book|last=Williams|first=Hywel|title=Cassell's Chronology of World History|location=London|publisher=Weidenfeld & Nicolson|year=2005|isbn=0-304-35730-8|page=308}}
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