| 词条 | Hemlock Lake |
| 释义 |
|name = Hemlock Lake |image = Hemlock_lake.jpg |caption = View north from boat launch in the evening. |pushpin_map = New York Adirondack Park#USA |pushpin_map_caption = Location of Hemlock Lake within New York. |image_bathymetry = |caption_bathymetry = |location= Livingston and Ontario counties, New York, United States |group = Finger Lakes |coords = {{Coord|42|43|07|N|77|36|32|W|type:waterbody_region:US-NY|display=inline,title}} |type = Ground Moraine |inflow = Spring Water Creek, Lime Kiln Creek, Reynolds Gully |outflow = Hemlock Outlet |catchment = |basin_countries = United States |length = {{convert|7|mi|abbr=on}} |width = {{convert|0.5|mi|abbr=on}} |area = {{convert|1800|acre|abbr=on}} |depth = {{convert|45|ft|abbr=on}} |max-depth = {{convert|91|ft|abbr=on}} |volume = |residence_time = |shore = |elevation = {{convert|906|ft|m|abbr=on}}[1] |islands = |cities = }}Hemlock Lake is one of the minor Finger Lakes. It is mostly located in Livingston County, New York, south of Rochester, with a portion overlapping into Ontario County. Hemlock is a translation of the Seneca name for the lake, O-neh-da Te-car-ne-o-di.[2][3] DescriptionHemlock Lake is {{convert|7|mi|spell=in}} long, and approximately {{convert|0.5|mi}} wide along most of its uniform north-south length. It has a surface area of {{convert|1800|acre|km2|0}}, and maximum and mean depths of {{convert|91|ft|m|0}} and {{convert|45|ft|m|0}} respectively. Because the lake is a water source to Rochester, shore development is restricted and boats can be no longer than 16 feet and outboard motors no larger than 10 horsepower.[4] Swimming is not permitted in the lake. A feature of the lake is its land-locked salmon. In addition, the lake contains rainbow trout, brown trout, lake trout, smallmouth bass, largemouth bass, rock bass, chain pickerel, brown bullhead, yellow perch, walleye, and black crappie.[5][6] HistoryThe Seneca people used the lake and its surrounding area for hunting and fishing near the south end of the lake up until the late 1770s. In September 1779 General John Sullivan and his army drove the natives away from the lake as part of the Sullivan Expedition. In the 1790s Hemlock Lake received its first white settlers. Most of these settlers were involved in the lumber industry and built their homes out of wooden slabs by the outlet which is located at the north end of the lake. For a time this place was known as "Slab City". The lake was used to float logs to Slab City in the summer months as well as to haul logs on the ice in the winter time. Over the years Hemlock Lake became populated with over one hundred cottages and five hotels. There were five large boats that sailed the lake in the 1800s, including its first steam boat "The Seth Green". The lake was a popular summer vacation destination for the wealthy, many of whom came from Rochester.[7] In 1852 the City of Rochester approved the construction of a {{convert|16|mi|adj=on}} pipeline after a severe outbreak of illness caused by contaminated city water. In 1876 the gravity-fed pipeline connecting Hemlock Lake to Rochester was opened. To improve water quality, the city purchased the land surrounding both Hemlock Lake and neighboring Canadice Lake; the lakes' cottages, hotels, and farms were condemned and torn down beginning in 1895.[8] Property owners who refused to sell to the city became the subject of eminent domain. Including the land around Hemlock and Canadice lakes, the city owned over {{convert|5000|acres|km2|0}} of land, of which {{convert|3900|acres|km2|0}} were forested. In 2010 the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) purchased both Hemlock and Canadice Lakes from the City of Rochester for $13.7 million.[9][10] The State has pledged to keep the lakes forever wild. Public access to the lake is permitted and encouraged, however boats are restricted to {{convert|17|ft}} in length and to outboard motors must be 10 horse-power or less.[11] See also
References1. ^{{cite GNIS|952563|Hemlock Lake|June 8, 2015}} 2. ^{{cite book|last1=Waite|first1=Dennis Byron|title=O-neh-da Te-car-ne-o-di, Or, Up and Down the Hemlock: Including History, Commerce, Accidents, Incidents, Guide, Etc.|date=1883|publisher=G.E. Colvin & G.P. Waite, Printers|location=Canadice, NY|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MEo3zlIyPGwC&pg=PA12#v=onepage&q&f=false|page=12|accessdate=June 9, 2015}} 3. ^{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9V1IAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA154#v=onepage&q&f=false | title=The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States | publisher=Government Printing Office | author=Gannett, Henry | year=1905 | page=154}} 4. ^{{Citation|last=Sportsman's Connection (Firm)|title=Western Adirondacks New York fishing map guide: includes lakes & streams for the following counties: Allegany, Broome, Cattaraugus, Cayuga, Chautauqua, Chemung, Cortland, Erie, Livingston, Madison, Monroe, Niagara, Onondaga, Ontario, Orleans, Oswego, Schuyler, Seneca, Steuben, Tioga, Tompkins, Wayne, Wyoming, and Yates.|date=2011-01-01|oclc=986498446 |publisher=Sportsman's Connection|language=English|isbn=978-1-885010-63-6 }} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.fingerlakes.com/hemlock|title=Hemlock Lake Information|accessdate=14 November 2013}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.fishingnewyork.org/hemlock_lake_fishing.html |title=Hemlock Lake Fishing |accessdate=14 November 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140303235647/http://www.fishingnewyork.org/hemlock_lake_fishing.html |archivedate=3 March 2014 |df= }} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.hemlockandcanadicelakes.com/hcl_community_hemlock_history.htm|title=History of Hemlock Lake|accessdate=14 November 2013}} 8. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.archives.nysed.gov/common/archives/files/mr_pub72.pdf |title=Publication #72 - Environmental Affairs in New York State: A Historical Overview |publisher=New York State Archives |date=2001 |author=Edmondson, Brad |page=11 |accessdate=October 19, 2016}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.dec.ny.gov/outdoor/25580.html|title=Hemlock Lake - NYS Dept of Environmental Conservation|accessdate=14 November 2013}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cityofrochester.gov/article.aspx?id=8589943533|title=News Release - City, State Preserve Pristine Reservoirs|accessdate=14 November 2013}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.dec.ny.gov/regs/13943.html#13956|title=Hemlock-Canadice State Forest (Livingston-Ontario State Reforestation Area #1)|accessdate=14 November 2013}}
External links
6 : Finger Lakes|Protected areas of Ontario County, New York|Protected areas of Livingston County, New York|Lakes of New York (state)|Lakes of Ontario County, New York|Lakes of Livingston County, New York |
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