“C4A”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Function

This gene encodes the acidic form of complement factor 4, part of the classical activation pathway. The protein is expressed as a single chain precursor which is proteolytically cleaved into a trimer of alpha, beta, and gamma chains prior to secretion. The trimer provides a surface for interaction between the antigen-antibody complex and other complement components. The alpha chain may be cleaved to release C4 anaphylatoxin, a mediator of local inflammation. Deficiency of this protein is associated with systemic lupus erythematosus and type I diabetes mellitus.^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7] Excess production is associated with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder with psychosis.^[8] This gene localizes to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class III region on chromosome 6. Varying haplotypes of this gene cluster exist, such that individuals may have 1, 2, or 3 copies of this gene.^[1]

References

1. ^¹{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: C4A complement component 4A (Rodgers blood group)| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=720| accessdate = }}
2. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Dawkins RL, Uko G, Christiansen FT, Kay PH | title = Low C4 concentrations in insulin dependent diabetes mellitus | journal = British Medical Journal | volume = 287 | issue = 6395 | pages = 839 | date = Sep 1983 | pmid = 6412852 | pmc = 1549128 | doi = 10.1136/bmj.287.6395.839-b }}
3. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Vergani D, Johnston C, B-Abdullah N, Barnett AH | title = Low serum C4 concentrations: an inherited predisposition to insulin dependent diabetes? | journal = British Medical Journal | volume = 286 | issue = 6369 | pages = 926–8 | date = Mar 1983 | pmid = 6403137 | pmc = 1547358 | doi = 10.1136/bmj.286.6369.926 }}
4. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Mijovic CH, Fletcher JA, Bradwell AR, Barnett AH | title = Low C4 levels in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes | journal = Diabetologia | volume = 30 | issue = 10 | pages = 824 | date = Oct 1987 | pmid = 3428499 | doi = 10.1007/bf00275752 }}
5. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Thomsen M, Mølvig J, Zerbib A, de Preval C, Abbal M, Dugoujon JM, Ohayon E, Svejgaard A, Cambon-Thomsen A, Nerup J | title = The susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is associated with C4 allotypes independently of the association with HLA-DQ alleles in HLA-DR3,4 heterozygotes | journal = Immunogenetics | volume = 28 | issue = 5 | pages = 320–7 | year = 1988 | pmid = 3139557 | doi = 10.1007/BF00364230 }}
6. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Jenhani F, Bardi R, Gorgi Y, Ayed K, Jeddi M | title = C4 polymorphism in multiplex families with insulin dependent diabetes in the Tunisian population: standard C4 typing methods and RFLP analysis | journal = Journal of Autoimmunity | volume = 5 | issue = 2 | pages = 149–60 | date = Apr 1992 | pmid = 1352685 | doi = 10.1016/0896-8411(92)90196-w }}
7. ^{{cite journal|vauthors=Lhotta K, Auinger M, Kronenberg F, Irsigler K, König P|title=Polymorphism of complement C4 and susceptibility to IDDM and microvascular complications|journal=Diabetes Care|year=1996|volume=19|issue=1|pages=53–55|doi=10.2337/diacare.19.1.53}}
8. ^{{cite journal |last1=Sharma |first1=RP |title=C4A mRNA expression in PBMCs predicts the presence and severity of delusions in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder with psychosis. |journal=Schizophr Res. |doi=10.1016/j.schres.2018.01.018 |pmid=29449061 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29449061}}

Function

See also

References

External links

Further reading