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词条 California Legislative LGBT Caucus
释义

  1. Role

  2. Feature in a documentary

  3. Members

     Current members  Former members  Chronology of openly LGBT legislators 

  4. Chairs

  5. References

  6. External links

The California Legislative LGBT Caucus is an American political organization formed in June 2002 and composed of openly lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender members of the California State Legislature.[1] The caucus currently has eight members, which is a record held over three non-consecutive sessions.

This group is contrasted to other LGBT Equality Caucuses in that the California caucus consists entirely of LGBT legislators while other LGBT Equality Caucuses consist of all orientations. Both, however, promote the promulgation of LGBT-affirming laws within the legislature.

Role

The caucus was established to champion legislation that advances equality and the rights of LGBT Californians. Its members have introduced and passed numerous measures related to gay rights, including two same-sex marriage bills (both vetoed by the governor), bills prohibiting discrimination in state government, tackling orientation-based bullying in schools and adequately funding HIV/AIDS treatment.[1] In December 2008, in the wake of the passage of Proposition 8, members of the LGBT Caucus pushed a resolution expressing the legislature's opinion that the proposition was unconstitutional.[2]

In addition, the caucus sponsors an annual LGBT Pride Exhibit every June and presents the LGBT Pride Recognition Awards to outstanding Californians. In 2006, several Republican legislators boycotted the awards ceremony, walking off the Assembly floor as the awards were presented.[3][4] This boycott stalled the ceremony for several years until 2009 when it was resurrected. In each year since, many Republicans have boycotted the ceremony.

Feature in a documentary

A 2016 documentary film, Political Animals, by Jonah Markowitz features the accomplishments of California legislators Carole Migden, Sheila Kuehl, Jackie Goldberg, and Christine Kehoe.[5]

Members

17 openly LGBT people have served in the legislature and been members of the caucus – all gay or lesbian and Democrats. Seven of them are current office holders.

In addition, there has been one gay member of the legislature who, despite being open about his sexual orientation, was not a member of the caucus. Republican state senator Roy Ashburn from Kern County came out in March 2010 after having been arrested while driving under the influence on his way home from a gay bar.[6] He served the remaining eight months of his term but did not join the caucus.

There have also been members of the legislature who, though not open about their sexuality at the time they served in public office, subsequently declared themselves gay or lesbian. Dennis Mangers, who represented Orange County in the Assembly from 1976 to 1980, married his partner of 17 years, Michael Sestak, in June 2008.[7] Art Torres, who served 8 years in the Assembly and 12 in the State Senate before going on to spend 13 years as chair of the California Democratic Party, came out publicly in April 2009.[8]

Current members

NameResidencePartyYears in AssemblyYears in Senate
Cathleen Galgiani Livingston Democratic 2006–2012[9] 2012–present
Toni Atkins San Diego Democratic 2010–2016 2016–present
Susan Eggman Stockton Democratic 2012–present —
Evan Low Campbell Democratic 2014–present —
Sabrina Cervantes Eastvale Democratic 2016–present —
Todd Gloria San Diego Democratic 2016–present —
Scott Wiener San Francisco Democratic — 2016–present
{{refbegin}}Notes:
1. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://democrats.assembly.ca.gov/members/a27/press/a272006051.htm |title=California Legislative LGBT Caucus Elects Laird Chair |accessdate=2008-06-04 |publisher=California State Assembly |date=2006-12-05 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080613061500/http://democrats.assembly.ca.gov/members/a27/press/a272006051.htm |archivedate=2008-06-13 |deadurl=yes |df= }}
2. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.sacbee.com/capitolandcalifornia/story/1444069.html |title=California Legislature's gay caucus introduces anti-Prop. 8 resolution |accessdate=2008-12-31 |work=Sacramento Bee |date=2008-12-03 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081216023532/http://www.sacbee.com/capitolandcalifornia/story/1444069.html |archivedate=December 16, 2008 }}
3. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.news10.net/storyfull2.aspx?storyid=19346 |title=GOP Lawmakers Walk Out Over Gay Recognition |accessdate=2008-06-04 |work=News10 |date=2006-08-14 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://archive.is/20070616104223/http://www.news10.net/storyfull2.aspx?storyid=19346 |archivedate=2007-06-16 |df= }}
4. ^{{cite news |url= http://ebar.com/news/article.php?sec=news&article=4012 |title= Over GOP objections, Assembly proclaims Pride |accessdate=2009-06-28 |work=Bay Area Reporter |date=2009-06-25 }}
5. ^{{cite news |title='Political Animals': LAFF Review |date=June 8, 2016 |author=Stephen Farber |work=The Hollywood Reporter |url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/political-animals-laff-review-900985 |accessdate=June 21, 2016}}
6. ^{{cite news|last=Hindery |first=Robin |title=Calif state senator says he's gay after DUI arrest |work=Associated Press |publisher=The Atlanta Journal-Constitution |date=March 8, 2010 |url=http://www.ajc.com/news/nation-world/calif-state-senator-says-355528.html |accessdate=March 8, 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100310115304/http://www.ajc.com/news/nation-world/calif-state-senator-says-355528.html |archivedate=March 10, 2010 }}
7. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-image17-2008jun17,0,4436786.story |title= Gay couples are emphasizing low-key weddings |accessdate=2008-06-17 |work=Los Angeles Times |date=2008-06-16 }}
8. ^{{cite news |url=http://ebar.com/news/article.php?sec=news&article=3887 |title= Former Dem chair Torres comes out |accessdate=2009-04-30 |work=Bay Area Reporter |date=2009-04-30 }}
9. ^Galgiani came out in November 2011
10. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.assembly.ca.gov/LGBT_Caucus/news/2003/20031106.htm |title=LGBT Caucus elects Assemblyman Mark Leno as Chair |accessdate=2008-06-04 |publisher=California State Assembly |date=2003-11-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080828072541/http://www.assembly.ca.gov/LGBT_Caucus/news/2003/20031106.htm# |archive-date=2008-08-28 |dead-url=yes |df= }}
11. ^{{cite news |url= http://ebar.com/news/article.php?sec=news&article=1428 |title= Political Notebook: Laird aims to keep LGBT caucus alive |accessdate=2008-06-04 |work=Bay Area Reporter |date=2006-12-21 }}
12. ^{{cite news |url= http://ebar.com/news/article.php?sec=news&article=3682 |title= Political Notebook: Leno gets chair |accessdate=2009-01-29 |work=Bay Area Reporter |date=2008-01-29 }}
13. ^{{cite news |url= http://www.eqca.org/site/apps/nlnet/content2.aspx?c=kuLRJ9MRKrH&b=4990109&ct=8102765 |title= Equality California Congratulates New LGBT Caucus Chair Assemblymember Tom Ammiano |accessdate= 2010-07-17 |date= 2010-03-19 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110717022028/http://www.eqca.org/site/apps/nlnet/content2.aspx?c=kuLRJ9MRKrH&b=4990109&ct=8102765# |archive-date= 2011-07-17 |dead-url= yes |df= }}
14. ^{{cite news |url= http://delmartimes.net/2011/01/14/kehoe-to-chair-lgbt-legislative-caucus/ |title= Kehoe to chair California LGBT Legislative Caucus |work=Del Mar Times|accessdate=2011-01-14}}
15. ^{{cite news |url= http://www.smdailyjournal.com/article_preview.php?id=226970&title=Gordon%20to%20seek%20second%20state%20Assembly%20term |title= Gordon to seek second state Assembly term |work=San Mateo Daily Journal|accessdate=2012-01-25|date=2012-01-20}}
16. ^{{cite news |url= http://ebar.com/news/article.php?sec=news&article=70317 |title= CA LGBT caucus elects first inland lawmaker as chair |work=Bay Area Reporte|accessdate=2015-01-20|date=2015-01-15}}
17. ^{{cite web|url=http://lgbtcaucus.legislature.ca.gov/news/1484121600-assemblymember-evan-low-elected-serve-chair-senator-ricardo-lara-elected-serve-vice|title=Assemblymember Evan Low elected to serve as chair; Senator Ricardo Lara elected to serve as vice chair of the CA Legislative LGBT Caucus}}
{{refend}}

Former members

NameResidencePartyYears in AssemblyYears in Senate
Sheila Kuehl Santa Monica Democratic 1994–2000 2000–2008
Carole Migden San Francisco Democratic 1996–2002 2004–2008
Christine Kehoe San Diego Democratic 2000–2004 2004–2012
Jackie Goldberg Los Angeles Democratic 2000–2006 —
John Laird Santa Cruz Democratic 2002–2008 —
Tom Ammiano San Francisco Democratic 2008–2014 —
John Pérez Los Angeles Democratic 2008–2014 —
Mark Leno San Francisco Democratic 2002–2008 2008–2016
Rich Gordon Menlo Park Democratic 2010–2016 —
Ricardo Lara Bell Gardens Democratic 2010–2012 2012–2019

Chronology of openly LGBT legislators

The table below shows members of the legislature who were openly LGBT at the time they served. It extends back to the election of the first openly gay member of the California legislature: Sheila Kuehl (elected November 1994). The caucus was founded in 2002.

Legislative
session		Openly LGBT members
(in Assembly, in Senate)
1995–1996Sheila Kuehl
Assembly, 41st district		1 (1, 0)
1997–1998Carole Migden
Assembly, 13th district		2 (2, 0)
1999–20002 (2, 0)
2001–2002Sheila Kuehl
Senate, 23rd district		Christine Kehoe
Assembly, 76th district		Jackie Goldberg
Assembly, 45th district		4 (3, 1)
2003–2004Mark Leno
Assembly, 13th district		John Laird
Assembly, 27th district		5 (4, 1)
2005–2006Carole Migden
Senate, 3rd district		Christine Kehoe
Senate, 39th district		6 (3, 3)
2007–20085 (2, 3)
2009–2010John Pérez
Assembly, 46th district		Tom Ammiano
Assembly, 13th district		Roy Ashburn
Senate, 18th district		Mark Leno
Senate, 3rd district		5 (2, 3)
2011–2012Ricardo Lara
Assembly, 50th district		Rich Gordon
Assembly, 21st district		Toni Atkins
Assembly, 76th district		Cathleen Galgiani
Assembly, 17th district		8 (6, 2)
2013–2014Susan Eggman
Assembly, 13th district		Ricardo Lara
Senate, 33rd district		Cathleen Galgiani
Senate, 5th district		8 (5, 3)
2015–2016Evan Low
Assembly, 28th district		7 (4, 3)
2017–2018Sabrina Cervantes
Assembly, 60th district		Scott Wiener
Senate, 11th district		Todd Gloria
Assembly, 78th district		Toni Atkins
Senate, 39th district		8 (4, 4)
2019–20207 (4, 3)
Note: Roy Ashburn came out in March 2010, having served since 1996 (Assembly, 1996–2002; Senate, 2002–2010). Cathleen Galgiani came out in November 2011, having served in the Assembly since 2006.

Chairs

Term of officeNameChamber
2002–2003[10] Christine Kehoe Assembly
2003–2006[10] Mark Leno Assembly
2006–2008[11] John Laird Assembly
2008–2010[12]Mark LenoSenate
2010–2011[13]Tom AmmianoAssembly
2011–2012[14]Christine KehoeSenate
2012–2015[15]Rich GordonAssembly
2015–2017[16]Susan EggmanAssembly
2017–present[17]Evan LowAssembly

References

External links

  • California Legislative LGBT Caucus

5 : California State Legislature|LGBT state legislators in California|Organizations established in 2002|Issue-based groups of legislators|2002 establishments in California
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