| 词条 | Cape Mesurado |
| 释义 |
There is a lighthouse on Cape Mesurado, located in the Mamba Point neighborhood of Monrovia and in the cape's northwestern portion, that was established in 1855. It is currently inactive, although the Liberian government is seeking financial assistance to restore and reactivate the lighthouse.[2] HistorySlave trading postCape Mesurado was being used as a base for the slave trade and in 1815 Governor William Maxwell of Sierra Leone sent an armed force to raid the settlement, seizing ships, merchandise and enslaved Africans from the factories there. The factory owners, Robert Bostock and John McQueen were sentenced to fourteen years transportation to New South Wales by the Vice admiralty court.[3]{{rp|1145}} A year later the Le Louis was captured by HMS Queen Charlotte of the British West Africa Squadron on suspicion of being engaged in the slave trade. In 1821, the American Colonization Society dispatched a representative, Dr. Eli Ayers, to purchase land farther north up the coast from Sierra Leone, where the settlers had previously landed at Sherbro Island but were experience a high death rate due to the island's swampy, unhealthy conditions.[4] {{clear}}Foundation of LiberiaWith the aid of Robert F. Stockton, a U.S. naval officer, Ayers sought out land to establish a new colony. Stockton led negotiations with leaders of the Dei and Bassa peoples who lived in the area of Cape Mesurado. At first, the local ruler, Zolu Duma (King Peter), was reluctant to surrender their peoples' land to the strangers, but was forcefully persuaded—some accounts claim at gun-point—to part with a "36 mile long and 3 mile wide" strip of coastal land for trade goods, supplies, weapons, and rum worth approximately $300.[4][5] The Cape Mesurado colony faced many of the same barriers to success as the previous colony at Sherbro Island: little supplies, as well as swampy and unhealthy conditions. There was also conflict with local tribes, who resented the now Americo-Liberian residents - who had been slaves or the children of former slaves in the United States before their emigration to Africa - trying to put an end to the slave trade.[6] Led by Lott Carey and Elijah Johnson, the Americo-Liberians organized their own defense against local attacks and rejected British military assistance in exchange for hoisting the Union Jack on Cape Mesurado.[6] During the Battle of Fort Hill on 1 December 1822 colonist Matilda Newport is alleged to have repelled an attack by lighting a cannon with an ember from her pipe. The holiday Matilda Newport Day commemorated her action until its abolishment in 1980.[7][8] Climate{{climate chart| Cape Mesurado | 22| 27| 16 | 20| 28| 72 | 22| 28| 73 | 21| 27| 169 | 21| 28| 329 | 17| 20| 636 | 19| 25| 590 | 21| 24| 475 | 20| 23| 692 | 19| 26| 516 | 22| 27| 247 | 22| 28| 110 |float=left |clear=left |source = [9] }}{{Clear}} References1. ^History Of Liberia: A Timeline 2. ^{{cite rowlett|lbr}} 3. ^{{cite journal|last1=Helfman|first1=Tara|title=The Court of Vice Admiralty at Sierra Leone and the Abolition of the West African Slave Trade|journal=Yale Law Journal|date=2006|volume=115|issue=5|pages=1122–1156|url=http://www.yalelawjournal.org/note/the-court-of-vice-admiralty-at-sierra-leone-and-the-abolition-of-the-west-african-slave-trade|accessdate=27 February 2016}} 4. ^1 5. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=dDwUFhl-4EMC&pg=PA84&lpg=PA84&dq=%22cape+mesurado%22&source=web&ots=07njY4dymy&sig=LXAx8cuQVmbfd92ZtLuvjuHpfeg&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=6&ct=result The United States And Africa] 6. ^1 [https://books.google.com/books?id=yaRiFONm1HIC&pg=PA112&lpg=PA112&dq=%22cape+mesurado%22&source=web&ots=M88UvHcOoF&sig=rJdeeltRy8Sj38SRW4AegtJ4i_8&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=2&ct=result#PPA112,M1 The Roots Of African-American Identity] 7. ^{{cite book|last1=Sheldon|first1=Kathleen|title=Historical Dictionary of Women in Sub-Saharan Africa|date=2005|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=978-0-8108-6547-1|pages=171–172|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HMAeAgAAQBAJ&lpg=PA172&dq=Matilda%20Newport&pg=PA172#v=onepage&q&f=false|chapter=Newport, Matilda (c. 1795–1837)}} 8. ^{{cite book|last1=Steady|first1=Filomena Chioma|title=Women and Leadership in West Africa: Mothering the Nation and Humanizing the State|date=2012|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|isbn=978-1-137-01038-4|page=109|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0VhdAQAAQBAJ&lpg=PT124&dq=Matilda%20Newport&pg=PT124#v=onepage&q&f=false|chapter=Women and Leadership in Liberia}} 9. ^{{Cite web |url= http://neo.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/dataset_index.php|title= NASA Earth Observations Data Set Index|access-date = 30 January 2016 |publisher= NASA}} External links
3 : Headlands of Liberia|Saint Paul River|Montserrado County |
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