| 词条 | Capital punishment in Latvia |
| 释义 |
Capital punishment in Latvia was abolished for ordinary crimes in 1999 and for crimes committed during wartime in 2012.[1] Latvia is party to several international instruments which ban the capital punishment. HistoryLatvia regained independence in 1991 after the fall of the Soviet Union. Subsequently, the death penalty in civilian cases was reserved for murder and the only method of execution, as during Soviet times, was shooting with a single bullet to the back of the head. The last executions took place in January 1996.[2]In October 1996, President Guntis Ulmanis claimed that he would commute any death sentence to a term of imprisonment.[3] Latvia continued to hand down death sentences until 1998. On April 15, 1999 the death penalty in peacetime was abolished by ratifying Protocol No. 6 to the European Convention on Human Rights. In 2002, Latvia signed Protocol No. 13 to ECHR, concerning the abolition of the death penalty under all circumstances. The law on the ratification of Protocol 13 was adopted on 13 October 2011 and the protocol was ratified on 26 January 2012. Protocol 13 was entered into force on 1 May 2012.[4] Latvia was the last European Union country to retain capital punishment for wartime murder,[5][6] until it abolished it in 2012.[7] Latvia acceded to the Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights in 2013.[8] References1. ^https://deathpenaltyinfo.org/abolitionist-and-retentionist-countries 2. ^Apžēlošanas dienests Latvijas Valsts prezidenta mājas lapa {{lv icon}} 3. ^Par nāvessoda moratoriju Latvijā // Latvijas Vēstnesis, 8 October 1996. {{lv icon}} 4. ^Par 1950.gada 4.novembra Eiropas Cilvēka tiesību un pamatbrīvību aizsardzības konvencijas 13.protokolu par nāves soda pilnīgu atcelšanu{{lv icon}} 5. ^[https://www.amnesty.org/en/death-penalty/abolitionist-and-retentionist-countries Abolitionist and retentionist countries] - report by Amnesty International 6. ^Criminal Law of Latvia (as of December, 2007) - see Sections 36, 37 and 118 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070731075911/http://www.ttc.lv/index.php?&id=10&tid=59&l=LV&seid=down&itid=13709 |date=July 31, 2007 }}. See also official text {{lv icon}} 7. ^https://deathpenaltyinfo.org/abolitionist-and-retentionist-countries 8. ^{{cite web|url=https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src%3DTREATY%26mtdsg_no%3DIV-12%26chapter%3D4%26lang%3Den |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2014-01-04 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140104212752/https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=IV-12&chapter=4&lang=en |archivedate=2014-01-04 |df= }} External links
7 : Capital punishment by country|Human rights in Latvia|Latvian law|Death in Latvia|1999 disestablishments in Latvia|1996 disestablishments in Latvia|2012 disestablishments in Latvia |
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