| 词条 | Herbert Lewis |
| 释义 |
Sir John Herbert Lewis {{postnominals|country=GBR|size=100%|GBE|PC}} (27 December 1858 – 10 November 1933) was a Welsh Liberal politician. Background and educationBorn at Mostyn Quay, Flintshire, Lewis was the only child of Enoch Lewis and Catherine Roberts. It is possible that Lewis was related to C.S. Lewis.[1] This speculation is the result of the fact that C.S. Lewis's grandfather, Richard Lewis, was born in Flintshire in 1775.[1] He was educated at McGill University and Exeter College, Oxford. Political careerLewis was the first Chairman of Flintshire County Council. He was Member of Parliament MP for Flint Boroughs 1892-1906. In 1894, he resigned the Liberal Whip in the so-called 'Welsh Revolt', joining David Alfred Thomas, David Lloyd George and Frank Edwards. In a letter to T. E. Ellis, Lewis wrote to his friend, then Chief Whip: 'I will never again fight a constituency as an official Liberal.' Although he later recanted, this episode was illustrative of Herbert Lewis' moral seriousness. With Lloyd George, Lewis was an enthusiastic supporter of Cymru Fydd, a nationalist movement within Welsh Liberalism. Along with Lloyd George and David Alfred Thomas, he opposed the Boer War at the 1900 General Election. He was elected for Flintshire in 1906; {{Election box begin | title=General Election 1906: Flintshire[2]}}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = John Herbert Lewis |votes = 6,294 |percentage = 63.8 |change = +10.2 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = A. Harold Edwards |votes = 3,572 |percentage = 36.2 |change = -10.2 }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 2,722 |percentage = 27.6 |change = +20.4 }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = |percentage = 83.0 |change = +4.6 }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Liberal Party (UK) |swing = +10.2 }}{{Election box end}} Lewis was a Lord of the Treasury, 1905–1908. He was re-elected twice in 1910, the second time unopposed; {{Election box begin ||title=General Election January 1910: Flintshire[3] }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = John Herbert Lewis |votes = 6,610 |percentage = 59.7 |change = -4.1 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Henry Richard Lloyd Howard |votes = 4,454 |percentage = 40.3 |change = +4.1 }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 2,156 |percentage = 19.4 |change = -8.2 }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = |percentage = 86.6 |change = }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Liberal Party (UK) |swing = -4.1 }}{{Election box end}} Lewis was Parliamentary Secretary to the Local Government Board, 1909–1915. He was Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Education, 1915-1922, and played a key role in drawing up the Education Act 1918, often known as the Fisher Act. At the 1918 general election he contested the new University of Wales constituency as a Coalition Liberal; {{Election box begin ||title=General Election 1918: University of Wales }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Coalition Liberal |candidate = Rt Hon. John Herbert Lewis |votes = 739 |percentage = 80.8 |change = N/A }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Labour Party (UK) |candidate = Mrs H.M. Mackenzie |votes = 176 |percentage = 19.2 |change = N/A }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 563 |percentage = 61.6 |change = N/A }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = 915 |percentage = 85.8 |change = N/A }}{{Election box win |winner = Liberal Party (UK) |swing = N/A }}{{Election box end}} He was offered a peerage on his retirement from Parliament in 1922, but declined the honour. He was appointed a Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the British Empire (GBE) in the 1922 Dissolution Honours List.[6] Lewis was made a Privy Counsellor in 1912, a freeman of the towns of Flint and Aberystwyth, Constable of Flint Castle, honorary LL.D of the University of Wales in 1918. He was awarded the gold medal of the Honourable Society of Cymmrodorion in 1927. Lewis was a keen supporter of the National Library of Wales, located in Aberystwyth. In 1909 he became a Vice President of the Library. In 1925, while walking in the hills above the town prior to a meeting of the Library's council, Lewis suffered a fall down a quarry which left him paralyzed for the rest of his life. Although elected President of the Library in 1926, this was a largely honorific appointment. An active lay member of the Calvinistic Methodist Connexion, Lewis was elected Moderator of the denomination in 1925, although he declined the post. He was an interested correspondent in the trial for heresy of Tom Nefyn Williams. Among his other correspondents in religious matters was the Welsh Revivalist Evan Roberts. Personal lifeSir John Herbert Lewis was married twice, first in 1886 to Adelaide (d.1895), daughter of Charles Hughes, publisher, Wrexham and in 1897 to Ruth, daughter of W. S. Caine, MP. By his second marriage he had a son and a daughter.{{Citation needed|date=September 2015}} He resided at Plas Penucha, Caerwys, Flintshire. Lewis died at his home, Plas Penucha, in 1933. Further reading
Sources
References1. ^1 {{Cite web|url = http://www.cardiff.ac.uk/insrv/libraries/scolar/digital/welshballads/insrv-scolar-an-english-lady-among-welsh-folk.html|title = An 'English' Lady among Welsh Folk: Ruth Herbert Lewis and the Welsh Folk-Song Society|date = 2004|accessdate = 14 September 2015|website = Cardiff University|publisher = Cardiff University|last = James|first = E. Wyn}} [4]2. ^British parliamentary election results, 1885-1918 (Craig) 3. ^British parliamentary election results, 1885-1918 (Craig) 4. ^1 {{London Gazette|issue=32766|supp=y|page=8017|date=10 November 1922}} }} External links
| title = Member of Parliament for Flint Boroughs | years = 1892 – 1906 | before = John Roberts | after = Thomas Howell Williams Idris }}{{succession box | title = Member of Parliament for Flintshire | years = 1906 – 1918 | before = Samuel Smith | after = Thomas Henry Parry }}{{s-new | constituency}}{{s-ttl | title = Member of Parliament for University of Wales | years = 1918 – 1922 }}{{s-aft | after = Thomas Arthur Lewis }}{{s-off}}{{s-bef|before=Charles Masterman}}{{s-ttl|title=Parliamentary Secretary to the Local Government Board|years= 1909–1915 }}{{s-aft|after=William Hayes Fisher}}{{s-bef|before=Christopher Addison}}{{s-ttl|title=Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Education|years= 1915–1922 }}{{s-aft|after=Lord Eustace Percy}}{{s-end}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Lewis, Herbert}} 16 : 1858 births|1933 deaths|Councillors in Wales|Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the British Empire|Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom|Liberal Party (UK) MPs for Welsh constituencies|McGill University alumni|Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for the University of Wales|Politicians awarded knighthoods|UK MPs 1892–95|UK MPs 1895–1900|UK MPs 1900–06|UK MPs 1906–10|UK MPs 1910|UK MPs 1910–18|UK MPs 1918–22 |
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