| 词条 | Carleton Beals |
| 释义 |
| name = Carleton Beals | image = | caption = | birthname = | birth_date = November 13, 1893 | birth_place = Medicine Lodge, Kansas | death_date = April 4, 1979 | death_place = Hartford County, Connecticut | education = University of California, Berkeley; Columbia University | occupation = Journalist, book author, historian, political activist | alias = | title = | family = | spouse = Lilian Beals | domestic_partner = | children = | relatives = Carrie Nation, grandmother | ethnicity = | religion = | salary = | networth = | credits = The only foreign journalist who interviewed General Augusto Sandino during Nicaragua's 1927–33 war against US military occupation | agent = | URL = }}Carleton Beals (November 13, 1893 – April 4, 1979) was an American journalist, author, historian, and political activist with special interests in Latin America.[1] A major journalistic coup for him was his interview with Nicaraguan rebel, Augusto Sandino in February 1928.[2] In the 1920s he was part of the cosmopolitan group of intellectuals, artists, and journalists in Mexico City. He remained an active, prolific, and politically engaged leftist journalist and is the subject of a scholarly biography.[3] Early yearsBeals was born in Medicine Lodge, Kansas. His father, Leon Eli Beals (1864–1941), lawyer and journalist, was the stepson[4] of Carrie Nation,[5] the temperance movement advocate.[5] His mother was Elvina Sybilla Blickensderfer (1867–?).[6] His brother, Ralph Leon Beals (1901–85), was the first anthropologist at University of California, Los Angeles.[7] The family moved from Kansas when Beals was age three, and he attended school in Pasadena, California. After graduating from high school in 1911, he worked a variety of jobs while attending the University of California, Berkeley where he studied engineering and mining. He won the Bonnheim Essay Prize and the Bryce History Essay Prize.[8] After graduating cum laude,[8] he attended Columbia University on a graduate scholarship, earning a master's degree in 1917.[5] Career{{Quote box| quote = "{Beals} is now the best informed and the most awkward living writer on Latin America." (Time Magazine, April 25, 1938) | source =[12] | width =25% | align =right }} Unable to find work as a writer, Beals took a job with Standard Oil Company, but it did not suit him. In 1918, he spent a brief period of time in jail as a World War I draft evader. Upon release, he decided to go see the world, and with what little money he had, Beals and his wife Lillian drove to Mexico.[9] There, he founded the English Preparatory Institute, and taught at the American High School. They left Mexico in 1921 for Europe where Beals studied at the University of Madrid, and then the University of Rome. Back in Mexico, he became a correspondent for The Nation, separated from his wife, and became romantically involved with photographer Tina Modotti's sister, Mercedes.[9] In February 1928, Oswald Garrison Villard, editor of The Nation, sent Beals to Nicaragua[10] to write a series of articles. He became notable as the only foreign journalist who interviewed General Augusto Sandino during Nicaragua's 1927–33 war against US military occupation.[11] In all, Beals wrote over 200 magazine articles[17] for publications such as the New Republic[5] and Harper's Magazine.[12] Beals also wrote more than 45 books, including on history, geography, and travel. Some of his books are written for a juvenile audience.[13] His autobiography, Glass Houses, was published by J.B. Lippincott Company in 1938.[12] In 1931, Beals was awarded the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation Fellowship for biographies.[14] His biography subjects included Porfirio Díaz, Huey P. Long, Roberto de la Selva, Stephen F. Austin, John Eliot, Carrie Nation, and Leon Trotsky. During his career, Beals witnessed Mexican revolutions, lectured on Shakespeare, and was held incommunicado by a Mexican general.[15] His travels took him to French Morocco, Tunisia, Algiers, Greece, Turkey, the Soviet Union, Germany, and the Caribbean. He was a Ford Hall Forum speaker in 1936, and a member of the American Committee for the Defense of Leon Trotsky in 1937. The following year, Time Magazine called Beals, "the best informed and the most awkward living writer on Latin America."[16] Later yearsDuring the 1960s, he supported the Fair Play for Cuba Committee. Beals was a hero to the young people of Cuba.[17] In his later year, Beals lived on Fire Tower Road in Killingworth, Connecticut. He is buried in Killingworth's Evergreen Cemetery.[18] Partial bibliography{{Quote box| quote ="I have done most of my writing in Spain, Italy, Mexico and Peru, and in this country, chiefly in New York, later in Guilford, Connecticut, since 1957 in Killingworth. (C. Beals) | source =[17] | width =25% | align =right }}{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://wais.stanford.edu/LatinAmerica/latinamer_carletonbeals32302.html|title=Carleton Beals|last=Hilton|first=Ronald|date=March 23, 2002|publisher=stanford.edu| accessdate=2009-02-02}} 2. ^John A. Britton, "Carleton Beals" in Encyclopedia of Latin American History and Culture vol. 1, p. 315. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons 1996. 3. ^John A. Britton. Carleton Beals: A Radical Journalist in Latin America. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press 1987 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.sanbernardriver.com/2007/20070716.htm|archive-url=https://archive.is/20070803152920/http://www.sanbernardriver.com/2007/20070716.htm|dead-url=yes|archive-date=2007-08-03|title=Tales from River’s End – Passport to Adventure Carry A. Nation, The Facts, Brazoria County and the San Bernard River |last=Edwards|first=Janice R. |publisher= sanbernardriver.com| accessdate =2009-02-02}} 5. ^1 2 3 {{cite book|last=Applegate|first=Edd |title=Literary Journalism: A Biographical Dictionary of Writers and Editors|publisher = Greenwood Publishing Group|pages=20–22|isbn=0-313-29949-8| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=dWQpXRudQPwC&pg=PA20&dq=carleton+beals+kansas|date=September 1996}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.corax.org/webcards/ps13/ps13_292.htm|title=NameCarleton Beals|date=July 25, 2005|publisher=corax.org|accessdate=2009-02-02}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/information/biography/abcde/beals_ralph.html|title=Ralph Beals|last=Hendrickson|first=Katie|work=EMuseum|publisher=Minnesota State University, Mankato|accessdate=2009-08-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100528220529/http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/information/biography/abcde/beals_ralph.html#|archive-date=2010-05-28|dead-url=yes|df=}} 8. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://skyways.lib.ks.us/orgs/kcfb/childrens_author_db.htm |title=Kansas Center for the Book |publisher=lib.ks.us |accessdate=2009-02-02 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081016143605/http://skyways.lib.ks.us/orgs/kcfb/childrens_author_db.htm |archivedate=October 16, 2008 }} 9. ^1 {{cite book|last=Hooks|first= Margaret | title = Tina Modotti: Radical Photographer|publisher=Da Capo Press|pages=115–116|isbn=0-306-80981-8| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=FZuo395_WY8C&pg=PA115&dq=%22carleton+beals%22+italy|date=2000-09-20}} 10. ^{{cite journal| url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb1367/is_198712/ai_n6383175|title=Carleton Beals: a radical journalist in Latin America. (book reviews) |publisher=findarticles.com|journal=The Nation |date= December 1987 |last=Black |first=George |accessdate= 2009-02-02}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}} 11. ^{{cite journal|date=December 23, 1999 |title=Our Century: The Twenties |journal=The Nation |url=http://www.thenation.com/doc/20000110/1920s |archive-url=https://archive.is/20070311140411/http://www.thenation.com/doc/20000110/1920s |dead-url=yes |archive-date=March 11, 2007 |format= }} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://harpers.org/subjects/CarletonBeals|title= Beals, Carleton (1893–1979) |date=July 1935; July 1938; August 1943; August 1944|publisher=harpers.org|accessdate=2009-02-02}} 13. ^Applegate, p. 22. 14. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.gf.org/fellows/all?index=b&page=7|title=All Fellows|publisher=gf.org|accessdate=2009-02-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110603233922/http://www.gf.org/fellows/all?index=b&page=7#|archive-date=2011-06-03|dead-url=yes|df=}} 15. ^1 2 {{cite news|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,931058,00.html|title=Stone-Thrower|date=April 25, 1938|publisher=time.com|accessdate=2009-02-02}} 16. ^1 {{cite book|last=Gosse|first=Van |title=Where the Boys are: Cuba, Cold War America and the Making of a New Left|publisher=Verso|pages=18|isbn=0-86091-690-1|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wjFy44EcVQAC&pg=PA18&dq=%22Carleton+Beals%22+berkeley|year=1993}} 17. ^1 Applegate, p. 22 18. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6440619|title=Carlton Beals|publisher=findagrave.com|accessdate=2009-02-03}} 19. ^{{cite journal|author=Callcott, Wilfrid Hardy|title=Review: Mexican Maze, with Illustrations by Diego Rivera. by Carleton Beals|journal=The Hispanic American Historical Review|date=February 1932|volume=12|issue=1|pages=73–75|jstor=2506438|doi=10.2307/2506438}} External links
12 : 1893 births|1979 deaths|Writers from Kansas|American male journalists|20th-century American journalists|Guggenheim Fellows|The Nation (U.S. magazine) people|Draft evaders|People from Killingworth, Connecticut|People from Medicine Lodge, Kansas|University of California, Berkeley College of Engineering alumni|Teachers College, Columbia University alumni |
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