| 词条 | Carlile Formation |
| 释义 |
| name = Carlile Formation | image = Fairport Chalk Member of the Carlile Formation in Ellis County, Kansas 01.png | imagesize = 330px | caption = Rare exposure of the Fairport Chalk member of the Carlile Shale in southern Ellis County, Kansas | type = Geological formation | age = Turonian ~{{fossil range|93.9|89.8}} | period = Turonian | prilithology = Shale, chalky to carbonaceous | otherlithology = Limestone Sandstone Siltstone Septarians Bentonite | namedfor = Carlile Spring and Carlile Station, 21 mi west of Pueblo, Colorado[1] | namedby = Gilbert | year_ts = 1896 | region = Mid-continental | country = {{USA}} | coordinates = | unitof = Colorado Group (lower); or Benton Formation | subunits = Juana Lopez (CO, NM) Codell Sandstone Blue Hill Shale Fairport Chalk | underlies = Niobrara Formation | overlies = Greenhorn Limestone | thickness = {{convert|170|-|230|ft|m}} | extent = | area = | map = | map_caption = }} The Carlile Formation or Carlile Shale is a Turonian age Upper/Late Cretaceous series shale geologic formation in the central-western United States, including in the Great Plains region of Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wyoming.[2] It is composed of marine deposits of the generally retreating phase (hemi-cycle) of the Greenhorn cycle of the Western Interior Seaway,[3] which followed the advancing phase of the same cycle that formed the underlying Graneros Shale and Greenhorn Formation. As such, the lithology progresses from open ocean chalky shale (with thin limestones) to increasing carbonaceous shale to near-shore sandstone. There is a discontinuity between the top of the Carlile and the Niobrara sequence. Viewing and access
From mile 195, Interstate 70 leaves the level bench on the Fencepost limestone for low, broad residual hills of Carlile Shale. These low hills are mostly the Fairport Chalk member, it's thin limestone beds making it more resistant than the Blue Hill Shale member. In the distance to the northwest, the Fort Hays Limestone escarpment is visible, the slopes of which are grass-covered Blue Hill Shale. Taking the Yocemento Avenue Exit 153 south, Yocemento lies at the base of the Fort Hays bluffs. Between Yocemento and Ellis, Old Hwy 40 passes over grass-covered slump blocks of Blue Hill Shale. The Codell Sandstone member is not present in this part of the county. 14 miles south of Ellis, on Monroe St./Ellis Ave., a broad slope of blue-gray Blue Hill Shale is exposed; the soil in this area "blew out" during the Dust Bowl; many orange-tinted septarian boulders may be seen from the road. FossilsUpper Turonian series Plesiosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the strata of its Blue Hill Shale Member in Kansas.[4]Gallery{{Gallery|File:Fairport Chalk Member of the Carlile Formation in Ellis County, Kansas 02.png|The lower {{convert|25|ft|m}} of the Fairport Chalk member in southern Ellis County, Kansas. |File:On the Great Plains, Kansas, 294 miles west of Missouri River. (Boston Public Library).jpg|1867, bluffs west of Hays, behind the seated soldiers is diggings in the Blue Hill Shale. |File:No. 51. The 'Hog Back' at Ellis, Kansas. (7008429651).jpg|The bare Blue Hill Shale slopes at Yocemento as they appeared in 1873. }} |