| 词条 | Casablanca Tramway |
| 释义 |
|box_width = |name = Casablanca Tramway |other_name = |native_name = Tramway de Casablanca |native_name_lang = fr |color = |logo = |logo_width = 110 |logo_alt = |image = Casablance tram Citadis placedesnationsunis.JPG |image_width = |image_alt = |caption = Alstom Citadis Type 302 in Casablanca in June 2013 |type = Tram |system = |status = |locale = Casablanca, Morocco |start = |end = |stations = 71 |routes = 2 |daily_ridership = 120,000 (2017) |ridership2 = 12 |open = {{Start date|2012|12|13|df=y}} |close = |owner = |operator = Casa Tram (RATP Group) |character = |depot = |stock = 74 Alstom Citadis 302 |linelength_km = 47.5 |tracklength_km= |tracklength_mi= |tracklength = |tracks = |gauge = {{Track gauge|sg|allk=on}} |old_gauge = |load_gauge = |minradius = |racksystem = |routenumber = |linenumber = |electrification = |speed_km/h = 19 |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = |elevation = |website = |map = {{Casablanca Tramway RDT|inline=1}} |map_state = collapsed}} The Casablanca Tramway ({{lang-fr|Tramway de Casablanca}}, {{lang-ar|ترامواي الدار البيضاء}} Tramwāy al-Dār al-Baiḍā’) is a low-floor tram system in Casablanca, Morocco. It is the second tram system in Morocco, after the Rabat-Salé tramway, but is longer and has more stations. As of 2017, it consists of one 31 kilometre Y-shaped line with 48 stops, connecting Sidi Moumen in the east with Ain Diab and the {{lang|fr|Facultés}} district in the west. A 22 kilometre extension is scheduled to open in 2018 with more lines planned. ConstructionProject management on the first line was provided by Casablanca Transports en Site Aménagé ("Casa Transports"), a limited company created for the purpose in March 2009. Stakeholders were the Ministry of Finance & the Interior, local government (the Grand Casablanca regional government, the Casablanca {{lang|fr|préfecture}} and Casablanca urban commune), and several institutional investors (King Hassan II, CDG Capital, Banque Populaire du Maroc, and ONCF. Casa Transports awarded the construction contract to a global group headed by the French group Systra. Project support was subcontracted to the Spanish group Ayesa Tecnología.[1]Preparatory work started in 2009, with construction of the first line starting in 2010.[2] The line was inaugurated on 12 December 2012 by King Mohammed VI, with French Prime Minister Jean-Marc Ayrault in attendance. Commercial services started the next day.[3][4] The {{convert|20|km|abbr=on}} of Zones 1 and 3 were constructed by Yapı Merkezi, the {{convert|10|km|abbr=on}} of Zone 2 was constructed by Colas Rail. Current networkLine T1As of 2017, the Casablanca Tramway consists of one line of 31 route kilometres (19.5 miles), with 48 stops, from termini at Sidi Moumen in the east to Aïn Diab and the Facultés district in the west.[5] OperationTravel time between termini is around 69 minutes from Facultés and 77 minutes from Hay Hassani. With a 75% priority at junctions, the average speed comes close to {{convert|19|km/h}}. On weekdays, the tramway runs from 06:30 to 22:00 at weekends it runs from 06:30 to 23:30. Service averages were planned to be every {{frac|4|1|2}} minutes in peak hours and {{frac|8|1|2}} minutes off-peak.[6] Casa Transport awarded a five-year contract to operate the tramway to the CasaTram consortium of RATP Group, {{lang|fr|Caisse de dépôt et de gestion}} and Transinvest as partners.[7][8] In January 2016 RATP Group became the sole shareholder.[9] Following a competitive tender process, RATP Group was awarded a further contract until December 2029 having beaten bids from a National Express / ALSA / ONCF consortium and Transdev.[10][11][12] Rolling stockThe tramway is operated by 74 Alstom Citadis type 302 low-floor trams, built by Alstom in France.[13][14][15] Final assembly was completed in Reichshoffen, Alsace. Trams have air conditioning and tinted windows, and an information system in both Arabic and French. They typically in pairs with a total length of {{convert|65|m|ft}}.[16] A further 50 are to be delivered in 2018 to operate Line T2.[17][18] In July 2017, Alstom, Bombardier / CAF, CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive and Škoda Transportation were shortlisted to bid for a contract for 100 trams for Lines T3 and T4.[19] FaresTicket prices are subsidised by the Moroccan government and the city of Casablanca, and set at a flat rate of 6 dirhams per journey, with a weekly season ticket at 60 dirhams and a monthly season ticket at 230 dirhams.[20] Students get a reduced monthly season ticket of 150 dirhams.[20] A combined tram-and-bus fare is being considered.{{when|date=October 2014}} UsageIn the first month of service, between {{formatnum:40000}} and {{formatnum:45000}} passengers used the service each day, on average.[21] A survey in June 2013 recorded {{formatnum:70000}} commuters.[22] By 2013, the tramway had met its objectives by carrying over {{formatnum:100000}} passengers a day.[23] From 2015, {{formatnum:255000}} passengers a day are expected on Line T1.[22] IncidentsTramway operations have resulted in many accidents: in the first 13 months, 180 accidents were reported.[24][25]
FutureThe {{lang|fr|Schéma directeur d'aménagement urbain}} (SDAU, "Master plan of the Director of urban planning")[32] and the {{lang|fr|Plan de déplacement urbain}} (PDU, "Urban transport plan")[33] for Greater Casablanca foresee a final network of 4 tramway lines, two traversal (T1, T2) and two radial (T3, T4). These lines will interchange with the now cancelled Casablanca Metro and the operational Al Bidaoui suburban railways.[32][33] Casablanca will have a network totalling 76 route km ({{frac|47|1|4}} route mi), costing 5.9 billion dirhams.[22] Line T1 Line extensionThe SDAU and PDU foresee an extension of Line T1 from its terminus in the Facultés district to the business district CaseNearShore. This {{convert|22|km|abbr=on|adj=on}} extension will replace the part of the line up to Aïn Diab, which will be re-used as part of the future Line T2.[32][33] Line T2According to the SDAU[32] and PDU,[33] the {{convert|17|km|abbr=on}} Line T2 will run from Aïn Diab to Aïn Sebaâ, via the El Fida and Derb Sultan districts. It will re-use the redundant section of Line 1 between Anoual and its terminus at Aïn Diab.[32][33] Engie Ineo and Engie Cofely Morocco are to supply signalling and other systems for Line 2 as well an extension of Line 1.[34][35] In the longer term, Line T2 will be extended west from Aïn Diab to the Hay Hassani district, Aïn Sebaâ and out to the Sidi Bernoussi district. This extension will be {{convert|27|km|abbr=on}} long.[32][33] Lines T3 and T4Long-term plans in the SDAU[32] and PDU[33] are for new lines T3 ({{convert|14|km|abbr=on}}) and T4 ({{convert|13|km|abbr=on}}. Line T3 will connect the Sidi Othmane district to the El Hank district via the city centre to Casa-Port railway station, and T4 will connect the Sbata and Lissasfa districts via the Aïn Chock and the Facultés district.[32][33] See also
References1. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20140113183827/http://www.casablancatransports.ma/Le_Projet/page-13-2 Who is producing the project?] Casablanca Transport (French) 2. ^Casablanca Tramway, Morocco Railway Technology 3. ^[https://www.eurotransportmagazine.com/9428/news/inauguration-of-casablancas-first-tram-line-in-morocco/ Inauguration of Casablanca's first tram line in Morocco] Euro Transport Magazine 12 December 2012 4. ^Royal opening launches Casablanca trams Railway Gazette International 14 December 2012 5. ^[https://www.ratp.fr/en/groupe-ratp/tramway/casa-tram Casa Tram] RATP Group 6. ^Timetables Casa Tram 7. ^Casablanca light rail operations contract awarded International Railway Journal 16 July 2012 8. ^Casablanca tram operating contract awarded Metro Report International 16 July 2012 9. ^RATP Dev is now the sole shareholder of Casa-Tram Railway Pro 6 January 2016 10. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20170929153403/https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2017/06/219580/french-state-owned-company-take-operation-casablanca-tramway/ French State-Owned Company to Take Over Operation of Casablanca Tramway] Morocco World News 12 June 2017 11. ^RATP Dev to retain Casablanca tram operating contract International Railway Journal 13 June 2017 12. ^RATP Dev retains Casablanca operating contract Metro Report International 20 September 2017 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.alstom.com/press-centre/fr/2009/11/La-ville-de-Casablanca-choisit-le-Citadis-dAlstom-pour-son-futur-reseau-de-tramway-20091118/|archive-url=https://archive.is/20130215121924/http://www.alstom.com/press-centre/fr/2009/11/La-ville-de-Casablanca-choisit-le-Citadis-dAlstom-pour-son-futur-reseau-de-tramway-20091118/|dead-url=yes|archive-date=15 February 2013|title=La ville de Casablanca choisit le Citadis d’Alstom pour son futur réseau de tramway|trans-title=The town of Casablanca chooses Alstom Citadis for its new tramway network|language=French|date=18 November 2009|publisher=Alstom|accessdate=11 December 2012 }} 14. ^Casablanca chooses Citadis trams Metro Report International 17 November 2009 15. ^Casablanca tram contracts awarded Railway Gazette International 15 November 2010 16. ^Inauguration of Casablanca's first tram line in Morocco Alstom 12 December 2012 17. ^Casablanca orders Alstom LRVs for tram Line 2 International Railway Journal 13 October 2015 18. ^Casablanca orders 50 more Cttadis trams Metro Report International 13 October 2015 19. ^Four shortlisted for Casablanca LRV contract International Railway Journal 26 July 2017 20. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.leconomiste.com/article/901050-tramway-de-casablanca-le-ticket-6-dh|title=Tramway de Casablanca - le ticket à 6 dirhams|trans-title=Casablanca Tramway – tickets 6 dirhams|date=30 November 2012|work=L'Economiste|accessdate=13 December 2012}} 21. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.lesoir.be/169820/article/actualite/fil-info/2013-01-23/d%C3%A9buts-en-douceur-pour-tramway-casablanca|title=Débuts en douceur pour le tramway de Casablanca|trans-title=Smooth start for the Casablanca Tramway|language=fr|date=23 January 2013|work=Le Soir (Belgium)|accessdate=23 January 2013}} 22. ^1 2 .{{cite journal | language = fr | first = Ryadh | last = Benlahrech | title = Le tramway qui facilite le train-train: Spécial Villes | trans-title = The tramway which eases commuting | journal= Jeune Afrique | issue = 4 | year = 2013 | page = 68 | issn = 1950-1285}} 23. ^{{cite news | url = http://www.usinenouvelle.com/article/apres-le-succes-du-tramway-casablanca-va-preparer-son-futur-metro-aerien-en-2014.N227183 | title = Après le succès du tramway, Casablanca va préparer son futur métro aérien en 2014 | language = fr | trans-title = After the success of the tramway, Casablanca gets ready for Skytrain in 2014 | accessdate= 23 October 2014 | date = 19 December 2013 | last = Djama | first = Nasser | work = L'Usine Maroc}} 24. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.aujourdhui.ma/maroc/societe/tramway-de-casablanca-une-quinzaine-d-accidents-par-mois--107252|accessdate=23 October 2014|title=Tramway de Casablanca: Une quinzaine d accidents par mois |language=fr|trans-title=Casablanca Tramway: Around 15 accidents a month|website=aujourdhui.ma|date=16 April 2014|first=Laila |last=Zerrour}} 25. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.lesoir.be/401000/article/actualite/fil-info/fil-info-monde/2014-01-13/maroc-pres-15-accidents-par-mois-lies-au-tramway-casablanc|work=Le Soir (Belgium)|date= 13 January 2014|accessdate=23 October 2014|title=Maroc: près de 15 accidents par mois liés au tramway à Casablanca|trans-title=Morocco: Nearly 15 accidents a month on the Casablanca Tramway|language=fr}} 26. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.lnt.ma/actualites/buzz-du-jour/tramway-casablanca-trois-blesses-dans-un-accident-71483.html |title = Tramway Casablanca : Trois blessés dans un accident |trans-title = Casablanca Tram: Three hurt in accident |language = fr |date = 1 April 2013 |accessdate = 23 October 2014 |website = La Nouvelle Tribune |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140512222107/http://www.lnt.ma/actualites/buzz-du-jour/tramway-casablanca-trois-blesses-dans-un-accident-71483.html# |archive-date = 2014-05-12 |dead-url = yes |df = }} 27. ^{{cite web|url=http://lobservateurdumaroc.info/2013/04/01/un-camion-heurte-le-tramway-a-casablanca/|title=Un camion heurte le tramway à Casablanca |trans-title=Lorry hits tram in Casablanca|language=fr|date=1 April 2013|accessdate=23 October 2014|website=L'Observateur du Maroc}} 28. ^1 {{cite news| work=L'Economiste| url=http://www.leconomiste.com/article/909641-accidents-de-la-circulationcasa-tram-part-en-guerre| accessdate=23 October 2014| date=6 August 2013| title = Accidents de la circulation: Casa Tram part en "guerre"| language=fr| trans-title = Traffic accidents: Casa Tram's part in the "war"}} 29. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bladi.net/mort-accident-tramway-casablanca.html|title=Un mort après un accident de tramway à Casablanca |language=fr|trans-title=One dead after Casablanca tram accident|date=14 January 2014|website=Bladi.net|accessdate=23 October 2014}} 30. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.yabiladies.com/articles/details/25273/casablanca-femme-mortellement-heurtee-tramway.html|date=24 April 2014|first=Kenza|last=Farkouch|title=Casablanca : Une femme mortellement heurtée par le tramway|language=fr|trans-title=Casablanca: Woman fatally injured by tram|website=Yabiladi|accessdate=23 October 2014}} 31. ^{{cite web|url=http://biladi.ma/1140436-tramway-de-casablanca-un-accident-de-plus-meurtrier-cette-fois.html|title=Tramway de Casablanca : un accident de plus, meurtrier cette fois|language=fr|trans-title=Casablanca Tramway: One more accident, this time fatal|date=|accessdate=23 October 2014|website=Biladi Maroc|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304210017/http://biladi.ma/1140436-tramway-de-casablanca-un-accident-de-plus-meurtrier-cette-fois.html|archive-date=4 March 2016}} 32. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite web|url=http://www.auc.ma/docs/124112008133350.pdf|publisher=Agence urbaine de Casablanca|title=Schéma directeur d'aménagement urbain|language=fr|trans-title=Master plan of the Director of Urban Planning|date=October 2008|last=Allal|first=Sakrouhi|accessdate=23 October 2014}} 33. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite web |url=http://www.casablanca.ma/index/docs/deplacement_urbain_casa.pdf |title=PROBLEMATIQUE DES DEPLACEMENTS URBAINS A CASABLANCA - Cas du projet de transport en commun en site propre (TCSP) |language=fr |trans-title=REQUIREMENTS FOR URBAN TRANSPORT IN CASABLANCA - Public transport projects on dedicated land |publisher= |date=13 November 2007 |accessdate=23 October 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130901231010/http://www.casablanca.ma/index/docs/deplacement_urbain_casa.pdf |archivedate=1 September 2013 |df= }} 34. ^Engie wins Casablanca tram extension contracts International Railway Journal 2 January 2017 35. ^Casablanca tramway extension contracts awarded Metro Report International 4 January 2017 External links{{commons category-inline|Trams in Casablanca}}
6 : Railway lines opened in 2012|RATP Group|Town tramway systems by city|Tram transport in Morocco|Transport in Casablanca|2012 establishments in Morocco |
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