| 词条 | Casuarina cunninghamiana |
| 释义 |
|image = Casuarina cunninghamiana tree.jpg |image_caption = Casuarina cunninghamiana tree in flower.. |genus = Casuarina |species = cunninghamiana |authority = Miq. }}Casuarina cunninghamiana is a she-oak species of the genus Casuarina. The native range in Australia extends from Daly River in the Northern Territory, north and east in Queensland and eastern New South Wales.[1][2] DescriptionThe River Oak is an attractive evergreen tree with fine greyish green needle-like foliage that grows to a height of {{convert|10|–|35|m|ft|abbr=on}} with a spread of about {{convert|10|m|foot}}.[1][3] The trunk is usually erect, with dense rough bark. Flowers are reddish-brown in the male and red in the female.[1] Cones are small, nearly round to elongated and about {{convert|10|mm|inch}} across.[1] Trees are usually found in sunny locations along stream banks and swampy areas.[1] It's widely recognised as an important tree for stabilising riverbanks and for soil erosion prevention accepting wet and dry soils. The foliage is quite palatable to stock.[2] C. cunninghamiana is frost tolerant down to around {{convert|-8|C|F}} and is widely used effectively as a screening plant. It is useful on windy sites and is also suited to coastal areas. C. cunninghamiana has been introduced into several other countries for the purpose of agroforestry.[3] There are two subspecies:
The species has many common names including River Oak, River She-oak or Creek Oak.[2] Invasive speciesCasuarina cunninghamiana is an invasive species in the Everglades in Florida[4] and in South Africa.[5]References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite web|last=Boxshall|first=Ben|last2=Jenkyn|first2=Tim|title=River she-oak|url=http://new.dpi.vic.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0019/1918/river_she-oak.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090915121924/http://new.dpi.vic.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0019/1918/river_she-oak.pdf|dead-url=yes|archive-date=15 September 2009|work=Department of Primary Industries|publisher=Victorian Government|accessdate=23 April 2011}} 2. ^1 2 {{cite book|last=Boland|first=D. J.|first2=M. I. H.|last2=Brooker|first3=G. M.|last3=Chippendale|first4=M. W.|last4=McDonald|title=Forest trees of Australia|year=2006|publisher=CSIRO Publishing|location=Collingwood, Vic.|isbn=0-643-06969-0|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q2v3kb9tFsYC&lpg=PP1&dq=ISBN%200643069690&pg=PA80#v=onepage&q&f=false|edition=5th|page=80}} 3. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|title=Casuarina cunninghamiana|url=http://www.florabank.org.au/lucid/key/Species%20Navigator/Media/Html/Casuarina_cunninghamiana.htm|work=Florabank|accessdate=23 April 2011}} 4. ^{{cite web|title=Biological control of Australian native Casuarina species in the USA |url=http://www.csiro.au/science/ps334.html |work=Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation |accessdate=16 September 2010 |date=16 May 2007 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605113952/http://www.csiro.au/science/ps334.html |archivedate=5 June 2011 |df= }} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.plantzafrica.co.za/miscell/aliens3.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006154123/http://www.plantzafrica.co.za/miscell/aliens3.htm|dead-url=yes|archive-date=6 October 2014|title=SANBI:Declared Weeds & Invader Plants|publisher=South African National Biodiversity Institute|accessdate=25 September 2014}} External links
6 : Casuarina|Trees of Australia|Fagales of Australia|Flora of Queensland|Flora of New South Wales|Drought-tolerant trees |
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