| 词条 | Catherine Bréchignac |
| 释义 |
|name = Catherine Bréchignac |image = Catherine Brechignac p1140529.jpg |image_size = 200px |caption = Catherine Bréchignac in 2006 |birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1946|6|12}} |birth_place = Paris, France |residence = France |citizenship = |nationality = French |religion = |ethnicity = |fields = Physics |workplaces = CNRS |alma_mater = École Normale Supérieure de Lyon Faculté des sciences d'Orsay |doctoral_advisor = |academic_advisors = |doctoral_students = |notable_students = |known_for = |author_abbrev_bot = |author_abbrev_zoo = |influences = |influenced = |awards = Commander of the Légion d'honneur Many others, see article |signature = |footnotes = }}Catherine Bréchignac ({{IPA-fr|katʁin bʁeʃiɲak|-|Fr-Catherine Bréchignac.ogg}}; born 12 June 1946) is a French physicist. She is a commander of the Légion d'honneur, "secrétaire perpétuel" of the Académie des sciences and former president of the CNRS ("National Centre for Scientific Research").[1] The Times says she has "a formidable reputation for determination, decisiveness and an aptitude for analysing and clarifying complex matters."[2] As a president of the CNRS, she was responsible for 25,000 employees, 12,000 of whom are researchers, and a budget of 2.42 billion Euros.[2] BiographyDaughter of the physicist Jean Teillac and alumnus of the École Normale Supérieure de Fontenay-aux-Roses, Catherine Bréchignac received her DEA (Masters-level qualification) at the Faculté des sciences d'Orsay in 1971, her doctorate in 1977, and became a Research Director in 1985. In 1989 she became director of the Aimé Cotton laboratory, and was Director General of the CNRS from 1997 to 2000. She clashed with Claude Allègre, the minister at the time, over reforms she oversaw at the institution.[3] She became President of the Institut d'optique théorique et appliquée ("Institute of Optical Theory and Practice") in 2003 and of the Palais de la découverte ("Palace of Discovery") in 2004. In 2005 she was elected future president of the International Council for Science (ICSU).[4] She was appointed President of the CNRS at the Council of Ministers of 11 January 2006 on the recommendation of François Goulard, the minister for higher education and research.[5][6] She was replaced by Alain Fuchs in 2010, even though she was a candidate to her own succession.[7] She was "secrétaire perpétuel" (permanent secretary) of the Académie des sciences, Division 1,[8] from 2011 to 2018.[9] FieldAccording to the International Council for Science, Bréchignac co-founded the field of cluster physics, which straddles the gap between atomic, molecular and solid-state physics.[4] Clusters are "the precursors of nano-objects."[4] Other functions and honours{{col-begin}}{{col-2}}
References{{wikiquote}}1. ^{{cite web | last = Terraso | first = David | authorlink = | coauthors = | title = Professor named president of Europe’s largest scientific body | work = | publisher = Georgia Institute of Technology | date = 2006-02-13 | url = http://www.whistle.gatech.edu/archives/06/feb/13/brechignac.shtml | doi = | accessdate = 2009-05-29}} {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Brechignac, Catherine}}2. ^1 {{cite news | last = | first = | coauthors = | title = At the centre of revolution in research: Catherine Bréchignac | work = Times Higher Education | place = | pages = | language = | publisher = | date = 2000-04-14 | url = http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/story.asp?storyCode=151148§ioncode=26 | accessdate = 2009-05-29}} 3. ^{{cite web | last = | first = | authorlink = | coauthors = | title = Catherine Bréchignac | work = Les Échos | publisher = | language = French | date = 2008-06-18 | url = http://www.lesechos.fr/info/analyses/4742376.htm | doi = | accessdate = 2009-05-29}} 4. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | last = | first = | authorlink = | coauthors = | title = Executive Board - ICSU President: Catherine Bréchignac | work = | publisher = International Council for Science | date = 2009-06-02 | url = http://www.icsu.org/5_abouticsu/STRUCT_ExeBoa_bios.html | doi = | accessdate = 2009-05-29}} ICSU] 5. ^{{cite news | last = | first = | title = New president pledges to put science back at the top of CNRS agenda | work = Times Higher Education | place = | pages = | language = | publisher = | date = 2006-02-09 | url = http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/story.asp?storyCode=201327§ioncode=26 | accessdate = 2009-05-29}} 6. ^{{cite web | last = Blandin | first = Noël | authorlink = | title = Catherine Bréchignac est nommée présidente du CNRS | work = République des Lettres | publisher = | language = French | date =2006-01-12 | url = http://www.republique-des-lettres.fr/1110-catherine-brechignac.php | format = | doi = | accessdate =2009-05-29}} 7. ^{{cite journal|url=http://www.lemonde.fr/societe/article/2010/01/14/un-nouveau-patron-pour-le-cnrs_1291882_3224.html|title=Un nouveau patron à la tête du CNRS|journal=Le Monde|date=14 January 2010|last=Jacqué|first=Philippe|language=fr}} 8. ^{{Citation|url=http://www.academie-sciences.fr/en/About-us/contact-us.html|title = Contact us|publisher=Académie des sciences|accessdate=9 November 2015}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.academie-sciences.fr/fr/Communiques-de-presse/communique-de-presse-etienne-ghys-elu-secretaire-perpetuel-de-l-academie-des-sciences.html|lang=fr|title=Communiqué de presse : Étienne Ghys élu Secrétaire perpétuel de l’Académie des sciences|publisher=Académie des sciences|date=19 July 2018|accessdate=4 February 2019}} 10. ^Décret du 18 avril 2014 portant promotion, Journal officiel de la République française, n°0094, 20 April 2014, p. 6950 9 : 1946 births|Living people|Officiers of the Légion d'honneur|French physicists|Members of the French Academy of Sciences|Women physicists|French women scientists|Commanders of the National Order of Merit (France)|ENS Fontenay-Saint-Cloud-Lyon alumni |
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