| 词条 | Cavernas do Peruaçu National Park | |||
| 释义 |
| name = Cavernas do Peruaçu National Park | alt_name = Parque Nacional Cavernas do Peruaçu | iucn_category = II | photo = Criança indígena Xakriabá no interior da caverna Janelão.jpg | photo_alt = | photo_caption = Xakriabá Indian child in the interior of the Janelão cave | map = Brazil | map_alt = | relief = yes | location = | nearest_city = Januária, Minas Gerais | coordinates = {{coords|-15.122|-44.324|display=inline, title}} | area = | designation = National park | created = | administrator = ICMBio | world_heritage_site = }} Cavernas do Peruaçu National Park ({{lang-pt|Parque Nacional Cavernas do Peruaçu}}) is a national park in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. It is noted for its large limestone caves. LocationThe Cavernas do Peruaçu National Park, with an area of {{convert|56448|ha}}, was created on 21 September 1999 and is administered by the Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation.{{sfn|Parque Nacional Cavernas do Peruaçu – Chico Mendes}} The park covers parts of the municipalities of Januária, Itacarambi and São João das Missões in the north of the state of Minas Gerais. Nearby are the Veredas do Peruaçu State Park, operated by the State Forestry Institute, and the Xakriabá Indian Reserve.{{sfn|Flávio Túlio Gomes|2007|p=4}} The Peruaçu River crosses the park from north west to south east, entering the São Francisco River, which runs along the south east boundary of the park.{{sfn|Flávio Túlio Gomes|2007|p=6}} The Cavernas do Peruaçu Environmental Protection Area (EPA), with an area of {{convert|143866|ha}}, was created on 26 September 1989.{{sfn|Flávio Túlio Gomes|2007|p=4}} The EPA, which covers the Peruaçu River basin, overlaps both the National Park and the State Park, but both parks extend outside the boundary of the EPA.{{sfn|Área de Proteção Ambiental Cavernas ... ICMBio}} Temperatures average about {{convert|18|C}} and are slightly higher in winter due to greater cloud cover in summer. Average annual rainfall is under {{convert|1200|mm}}, mostly falling in the summer. Relative humidity is around 70%. The park lies between the Cerrado and Caatinga regions and contains seasonal montane deciduous forest, semi-deciduous forest, savannah with trees, and transitional zones. The diverse environments support a wide range of fauna.{{sfn|Flávio Túlio Gomes|2007|p=5}} The Gruta do Janelão and other caves have rock art more than 10,000 years old.{{sfn|Bruno Moraes|2013}} ConservationThe park is a fully protected unit as defined by Law Law 9.985 / 2000, which established the National System of Conservation Units (SNUG).{{sfn|Bruno Moraes|2013}} The purpose is to preserve the geological and archaeological heritage, representative samples of cerrado, seasonal forest and other forms of natural vegetation, fauna, landscapes, water resources and other natural attributes of the region.{{sfn|Flávio Túlio Gomes|2007|p=4}} Infrastructure work, expected to be complete in July 2014, created six routes for visitors with eight caves open to the public. It is hoped that the park will attract tourists to the north of Minas Gerais.{{sfn|Bruno Moraes|2013}} In 2013 WWF Brazil was working with the Instituto Biotrópicos to monitor mammals of the Cerrado in the park.{{sfn|Bruno Moraes|2013}} Protected species include maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus), cougar (Puma concolor), jaguar (Panthera onca), ocelot (Leopardus pardalis), colocolo (Leopardus colocolo), chestnut-bellied guan (Penelope ochrogaster), Minas Gerais tyrannulet (Phylloscartes roquettei) and the fish Trichomycterus itacarambiensis.{{sfn|Parque Nacional Cavernas do Peruaçu – Chico Mendes}} The park was created recently and land ownership issues have not all been settled. There are many small farms, estates and indigenous land around the park, on all of which fire is used routinely in agriculture. Hunters enter the park and leave fires burning, so there is a risk of fire within the park.{{sfn|Flávio Túlio Gomes|2007|p=6}} Notes{{notes}}{{commons category|Parque Nacional Cavernas do Peruaçu}}Sources{{refbegin}}
|title= Área de Proteção Ambiental Cavernas do Peruaçu|chapter=Mapa com os limites [.kml]|publisher=ICMBio |url=http://www.icmbio.gov.br/portal/images/stories/kmz/apa_cavernas_do_peruacu.kml|accessdate=2016-05-01}} [This is a .kml file, which defines the location and outline of the APA. It may be viewed using Google My Maps - Create a New Map - Import.]
|author=Bruno Moraes|title=Parque Nacional Cavernas do Peruaçu recebe infraestrutura para o turismo|date=2 December 2013 |url=http://www.wwf.org.br/informacoes/noticias_meio_ambiente_e_natureza/?37162/Parque-Nacional-Cavernas-do-Peruau-recebe-infraestrutura-para-o-turismo|accessdate=2016-05-01}}
|title=Parque Nacional Cavernas do Peruaçu|publisher=Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation |url=http://www.icmbio.gov.br/portal/biodiversidade/unidades-de-conservacao/biomas-brasileiros/cerrado/unidades-de-conservacao-cerrado/2078-parna-cavernas-do-peruacu.html}}{{refend}}{{Navbox prehistoric caves}}{{National park (Brazil)}}{{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Cavernas do Peruacu National Park}} 3 : 1999 establishments in Brazil|National parks of Brazil|Protected areas of Minas Gerais |
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