| 词条 | He Zizhen |
| 释义 |
|image=He Zizhen.jpg |caption=He Zizhen, 1947 |birth_date={{birth date|1910|9|20}} |birth_place= Yunshan, Jiangxi, Qing Dynasty |death_date={{death date and age|1984|4|19|1910|9|20}} |death_place= Shanghai, People's Republic of China |party=Communist Party of China |spouse=Mao Zedong |children=6 |module = {{Chinese |child=yes |s=贺子珍 |t=賀子珍 |p=Hè Zǐzhēn |w=He (Ho) Tzu-chen }} He Zizhen ({{zh|s=贺子珍|w=Ho Tzu-chen}}; September 20, 1910 – April 19, 1984) was the third wife of Chairman Mao Zedong from May 1930 to 1937. Early life and careerHe Zizhen was born in Yunshan (云山, now Yongxin County), Jiangxi, during the Qing dynasty and joined the Communist Youth League of China in 1925. She graduated from the Yongxin Girls' School and joined the Communist Party of China in 1926. Revolutionary lifeHe Zizhen was introduced to Mao Zedong at Jinggangshan by Yuan Wencai, a classmate of her elder brother, in the spring of 1928. An expert in guerrilla warfare and a capable fighter, He Zizhen was also an excellent shooter who earned the nickname of "Two-Gunned Girl General."[1] When they married, Mao had not divorced his second wife Yang Kaihui, whom he had wed in 1920.[2][3] Yang was arrested and executed in 1930.[4] He Zizhen had three daughters and three sons with Mao Zedong, but except for their daughter, Li Min, all of them either died young or were separated from the family. Their eldest daughter, who was left to a local family in Fujian, was found and recognized by He Zizhen's brother in 1973, but never had the chance to meet Mao or He.[5] Two English researchers who retraced the entire Long March in 2002–2003 located a woman whom they believe might be a missing child left in the care of others by Mao and He in 1935.[6][7][8] In 1937, she traveled to the Soviet Union to treat a wound sustained earlier in battle, later attending the Moscow East University.{{Citation needed|date=November 2008}} While He Zizhen was in Russia, Mao met and married his fourth wife, Jiang Qing. Upon her return to China in 1947, she found she could not hope to fulfill any sort of political role in Beijing. She later became the chair of Zhejiang Province Women's Union. In 1984, He Zizhen died alone in Shanghai.[9] LegacyIn 2007, a memorial hall was opened in Yongxin for He Zizhen with her daughter, Li Min, present as a guest. ReferencesFootnotes1. ^Karl, 37 - 38 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://v.ifeng.com/v/ykhmzd0423/#9816c9b6-e023-4c65-a7cf-cef57dae6737|title=1930年杨开慧遇害时毛泽东在干什么|publisher=V.ifeng.com|accessdate=12 November 2014}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/theory/2011-06/28/c_121594458.htm|title=听闻杨开慧就义毛泽东难以入眠_理论频道_新华网|publisher=News.xinhuanet.com|accessdate=12 November 2014|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151107103252/http://news.xinhuanet.com/theory/2011-06/28/c_121594458.htm|archivedate=November 7, 2015|df=mdy-all}} 4. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VyU6fwmdjf8C&pg=PA56&dq=yang+kaihui+executed&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjG2bLekMXcAhUHgK0KHbCoBO8Q6AEIJTAA#v=onepage&q=yang%20kaihui%20executed&f=false|title=The Private Life of Chairman Mao|last=Zhi-Sui|first=Li|date=2011-06-22|publisher=Random House Publishing Group|isbn=9780307791399|language=en}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://big5.xinhuanet.com/gate/big5/news.xinhuanet.com/school/2005-12/05/content_3879846.htm|title=毛澤東尋訪長女 福建農婦是"紅色公主"|publisher=Big5.xinhuanet.com|accessdate=12 November 2014|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141112053333/http://big5.xinhuanet.com/gate/big5/news.xinhuanet.com/school/2005-12/05/content_3879846.htm|archivedate=November 12, 2014|df=mdy-all}} 6. ^ {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050312104651/http://english.qianlong.com/7778/2003-4-16/208@792743.htm |date=March 12, 2005 }} 7. ^{{cite book| last = King, Dean| year = 2010| title = A True Story of War, Love, and Survival| publisher=Little, Brown and Company| pages = 432 pages| isbn = 978-0-316-16708-6}} 8. ^ {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050211203149/http://www.newlongmarchers.com/ |date=February 11, 2005 }} 9. ^A Tribute to He Zizhen, Abandoned Wife of Mao Zedong by Wen Hua in 'The Epoch Times' http://www.theepochtimes.com/news/6-9-12/45882.html Bibliography{{refbegin}}
8 : 1910 births|1984 deaths|Mao Zedong family|People from Ji'an|Spouses of national leaders|Women in war 1900–1945|Women in war in China|Communist University of the Toilers of the East alumni |
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