| 词条 | Ceanothus fendleri |
| 释义 |
| name = Ceanothus fendleri | image = Ceanothus_fendleri1.jpg | regnum = Plantae | unranked_divisio = Angiosperms | unranked_classis = Eudicots | unranked_ordo = Rosids | ordo = Rosales | familia = Rhamnaceae | genus = Ceanothus | species = C. fendleri | binomial = Ceanothus fendleri | binomial_authority = A. Gray }}Ceanothus fendleri (Fendler['s] ceanothus, Fendler['s] buckbrush, deer brier[1]) is a species of flowering shrub native to northern Mexico, Arizona, New Mexico, west Texas and the northeastern Texas panhandle, Utah, Colorado, eastern Wyoming, and western South Dakota.[2][3] Its typical habitat is pine forests from {{convert|1,500|to|3,000|m|ft|sp=us}} in altitude.[2] DescriptionFendler's ceanothus seldom exceeds {{convert|1|m|ft|abbr=on}} tall. The stems and twigs are grayish green when young, reddish brown when mature, armed with spines up to {{convert|2.5|cm|in|abbr=on}} long. The leaves are grayish green and thick, with dense woolly hair on the underside.[2] The flowers are about 2 mm across[4] and white, borne in thick clusters emanating from the leaf axils, particularly on the older stems.[4] They all open at once, so the plant is covered with bloom. This usually happens in June or July, but may be any time from April to October according to the altitude and weather. As in other ceanothuses, there are five spoon-shaped or hooded petals, each partly covering a stamen.[2] The fruits are three-celled capsules,[5] pink and glossy, forming an approximate rounded equilateral triangle with the stem at the center.[3] They typically ripen in August and September. When dry these pods exhibit explosive dehiscence, throwing the seeds out forcefully. The seeds are glossy dark brown, about 2 mm across.[6] Animal interactionsDeer are particularly fond of browsing on Fendler's ceanothus.[2] In a study at Beaver Creek, Arizona, it was important to mule deer all year and constituted up to 6.9 percent of their summer diet[7] and might constitute even more where other forage species are less common.[8] Elk also eat it,[8] as North American porcupines, jackrabbits, and livestock do to a lesser extent.[2]The caterpillars of Erynnis pacuvius, the buckthorn duskywing, feed on this plant and other species of Ceanothus.[1] Ethnobotany
References1. ^1 {{cite web | title = Erynnis pacuvius | work = Butterflies and Moths of North America | url = http://www.butterfliesandmoths.org/species/Erynnis-pacuvius | accessdate = 2012-03-05}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite book | author=Elmore, Francis H. | title=Trees and Shrubs of the Southwest Uplands | publisher=Western National Parks Association | year=1976 | pages = 121 | isbn = 0-911408-41-X}} 3. ^1 USDA, NRCS. 2008. Profile at the PLANTS Database (http://plants.usda.gov){{dead link|date=November 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, 30 June 2008). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA. 4. ^1 {{cite web | last = Huffman | first = David W. | title = Population Ecology of Fendler Ceanothus: Responses to Herbivory and Forest Restoration Treatments (Ph.D. thesis) | date = November 2003 | publisher = Northern Arizona University | url = https://library.eri.nau.edu:8443/bitstream/2019/334/1/Huffman.2003.PopulationEcologyOfFendlerCeanothus.pdf | accessdate = 2008-07-01 | format = pdf }}{{dead link|date=August 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} See also {{cite journal | last = Huffman | first = David W. | author2 = Margaret M. Moore | year = 2003 | title = Ungulate herbivory on buckbrush in an Arizona ponderosa pine forest | journal = Journal of Range Management | volume = 56 | pages = 358–363 | url = https://library.eri.nau.edu:8443/bitstream/2019/164/1/HuffmanAndMoore.2003.UngulateHerbivoryOnBuckbrushIn.pdf | accessdate = 2008-07-01 | format = pdf | doi = 10.2307/4004039 | jstor = 4004039 | issue = 4 | publisher = Allen Press }}{{dead link|date=August 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 5. ^Huffman, Fendler Ceanothus, p. 36 6. ^Huffman, Fendler Ceanothus, pp. 36, 39 7. ^Urness, P.J., D.J. Neff, and R.K. Watkins. 1975. Nutritive value of mule deer forages on ponderosa pine summer range in Arizona. USDA Forest Service Research Note RM-304. Cited by Huffman, Fendler Ceanothus. 8. ^1 Huffman, Fendler Ceanothus, 20 External links{{Commons-inline|Ceanothus fendleri}}
12 : Ceanothus|Flora of Arizona|Flora of Chihuahua (state)|Flora of Coahuila|Flora of New Mexico|Flora of South Dakota|Flora of Texas|Flora of Utah|Flora of Wyoming|Taxa named by Asa Gray|Plants used in Native American cuisine|Plants used in traditional Native American medicine |
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