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词条 Alan Menken
释义

  1. Early life

  2. Career

      Early career    Breakthrough years    Disney Renaissance and later films    Return to musical theatre  

  3. Personal life

  4. Filmography

     Film   Television  

  5. Musicals

      Other  

  6. Upcoming projects

  7. Awards

  8. References

  9. Further reading

  10. External links

{{Infobox musical artist
| name = Alan Menken
| background = non_performing_personnel
| image = Alan Menken 2013 (cropped).jpg
| image_size =
| caption = Menken in 2013
| birth_name = Alan Irwin Menken[1]
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1949|7|22|mf=y}}
| birth_place = New York City, U.S.
| genre = {{hlist|Pop|musical theatre|film score}}
| occupation = {{hlist|Composer|songwriter|record producer}}
| years_active = 1972–present
| label = {{hlist|Walt Disney}}
| website = Official website
}}

Alan Irwin Menken[1] (born July 22, 1949) is an American musical theatre and film score composer, songwriter and pianist. Menken is best known for his scores for films produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios. His scores for The Little Mermaid (1989), Beauty and the Beast (1991), Aladdin (1992), and Pocahontas (1995) have each won him two Academy Awards. He also composed the scores for Little Shop of Horrors (1986), Newsies (1992), The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1996), Hercules (1997), Home on the Range (2004), Enchanted (2007), Tangled (2010), and Sausage Party (2016), among others. He is also known for his work on musical theatre works for Broadway and elsewhere. Some of these are based on his Disney films, but other stage hits include Little Shop of Horrors (1982), A Christmas Carol (1994) and Sister Act (2009).

Menken has collaborated with such lyricists as Howard Ashman, Tim Rice, Glenn Slater, Stephen Schwartz and David Zippel. With eight Academy Award wins (four each for Best Score and Best Song), Menken is the second most prolific Oscar winner in the music categories after Alfred Newman, who has 9 Oscars. He has also won 11 Grammy Awards, a Tony Award and other honors.

Early life

Alan Irwin Menken was born on July 22, 1949, at French Hospital in New York City, to Judith and Norman Menken. His father was a boogie-woogie piano-playing dentist, and his mother was an actress, dancer and playwright.[2][3] His family was Jewish.[4] Menken developed an interest in music at an early age, taking piano and violin lessons. He began to compose at an early age.[5] At age 9, at the New York Federation of Music Clubs Junior Composers Contest, his original composition "Bouree" was rated Superior and Excellent by the judges.[6]

He attended New Rochelle High School in New Rochelle, New York, and graduated in 1967. Menken remembers: "I'd make up my own Bach fugues and Beethoven sonatas because I was bored with the piano and I didn't want to practice; so I'd go off on tangents".[7] He then enrolled at New York University.[8] He graduated with a degree in Musicology in 1971 from the university's Steinhardt School. Menken recalled: "First, I was pre-med. I thought I'd be a dentist like my dad. Finally, I got a degree in music, but I didn't care about musicology. It wasn't until I joined BMI Workshop ... under Lehman Engel, and walked into a room with other composers that I knew this was it."[7] Menken noted that "Before college, I was writing songs to further my dream of being the next Bob Dylan. A lot of guitar songs – I was composing on piano before that."[9] After college, he attended the BMI Lehman Engel Musical Theatre Workshop.[10]

Career

Early career

After graduating, Menken's plan was to become either a rock star or a recording artist. His interest in writing musicals increased when he joined the Broadcast Music, Inc. (BMI) Musical Theatre Workshop and was mentored by Lehman Engel.[10] From 1974 to 1978, he showcased various BMI workshop works, such as Midnight, Apartment House (lyric by Muriel Robinson), Conversations with Pierre,[10] Harry the Rat and Messiah on Mott Street (lyrics by David Zippel).{{citation needed|date=February 2016}} According to Menken, during this period, he "worked as a ballet and modern dance accompanist, a musical director for club acts, a jingle writer, arranger, a songwriter for Sesame Street and a vocal coach. He performed his material at clubs like The Ballroom, Reno Sweeny and Tramps."[11] In 1976, John Wilson reported for The New York Times that members of Engel's BMI Workshop began performing as part of the "Broadway at the Ballroom" series: "The opening workshop program ... featured Maury Yeston and Alan Menken, both playing their piano accompaniment and singing songs they have written for potential musicals."[12] Wilson reviewed a performance at the Ballroom in 1977 where Menken accompanied a singer: "In the current cabaret world, a piano accompanist is no longer expected to merely play piano for a singer. More and more, pianists can be heard joining in vocally, harmonizing with the singer, creating a background of shouts and exclamations or even doing brief passages of solo singing."[13]

Menken contributed material to revues like New York's Back in Town, Big Apple Country, The Present Tense (1977),[14] Real Life Funnies (Off-Broadway, 1981),[15] Diamonds (Off-Broadway, 1984), and Personals (Off-Off-Broadway, 1985).[16] His revue Patch, Patch, Patch ran at the West Bank Cafe in New York City in 1979 and featured Chip Zien. The New York Times reviewer, Mel Gussow, wrote: "The title song ... refers to a life's passage. According to Alan Menken ... after age 30 it is a downhill plunge."[17]

Menken wrote several shows that were not produced, including Atina, Evil Queen of the Galaxy (1980), with lyrics by Steve Brown. He also wrote The Thorn with lyrics by Brown, which was commissioned by Divine in 1980. This was a parody of the film The Rose, but they could not raise the money to have it produced.[18] He collaborated with Howard Ashman in an uncompleted musical called Babe (c. 1981),[19][20] with Tom Eyen in Kicks: The Showgirl Musical (1984),[21] and with David Rogers in The Dream in Royal Street (c. 1981), which was an adaptation of A Midsummer Night's Dream.[20] Menken contributed music for the film The Line (1980), directed by Robert J. Siegel.[22]

Breakthrough years

Menken finally achieved success as a composer when playwright Howard Ashman chose him and Engel to write the music for his musical adaptation of Kurt Vonnegut's novel God Bless You, Mr. Rosewater. The musical opened in 1979 at the WPA Theater[23] to excellent reviews[23] and modest box office. It transferred after several months to the Off-Broadway Entermedia Theater, where it ran for an additional six weeks.[24][25][26][27]

Menken and Ashman wrote their next musical, Little Shop of Horrors, for a cast of only 9 performers, including a puppeteer. This musical is based on the 1960 black comedy film The Little Shop of Horrors. It opened at WPA Theater in 1982 to warm reviews. It moved to the Orpheum Theatre in the East Village, Manhattan, where it ran for five years. The musical set the box-office record for highest grossing Off-Broadway show of all time. It toured around the world, won theater awards and was adapted as a 1986 musical film starring Rick Moranis that earned Menken and Ashman their first Oscar nomination for the song "Mean Green Mother From Outer Space".[28] For his body of work in musical theatre, he was awarded the BMI Career Achievement Award in 1983.{{citation needed|date=February 2016}}

In 1987, Menken and lyricist David Spencer's adaptation, The Apprenticeship of Duddy Kravitz, based on the 1959 novel of the same name, was produced in Philadelphia. After substantial re-writes, it was produced in 2015 in Montreal.[35][36] In 1992, the WPA Theatre produced Menken's Weird Romance, also with lyrics by Spencer.[37] Menken's musical based on the Charles Dickens novella A Christmas Carol, with lyrics by Lynn Ahrens and book by Mike Ockrent, debuted at Madison Square Garden's Paramount Theater in 1994.[29] The show proved successful and was an annual New York holiday event.[30]

Disney Renaissance and later films

On the strength of the success of Little Shop of Horrors, Menken and Ashman were hired by Walt Disney Studios to write the music for The Little Mermaid (1989). The challenge was to create an animated musical film of this Hans Christian Andersen fairy tale that could sit alongside the Disney films Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs and Cinderella. The Little Mermaid opened to critical and commercial success and signaled a new Disney era called the Disney Renaissance.[31] The film gave them their first Oscar win: Best Song for the song "Under the Sea". Menken also won the 1989 Oscar for Best Score.[8][32]

Menken and Ashman's Beauty and the Beast garnered them three 1991 Oscar nominations for Best Song, winning for its title song.[32] Menken won another Oscar for Best Score. The two were working on Aladdin at the time of Ashman's death in 1991. Subsequently, Menken went to collaborate with Tim Rice to finish the songs for the film. The film won an Oscar in 1992 for Best Song: "A Whole New World".[32] Menken also won the Oscar for Best Score. Menken's live action musical film Newsies, with lyrics by Jack Feldman, was released in 1992. Three more animated musical films followed. Menken collaborated with Stephen Schwartz for Pocahontas, for which the two won two Oscars: Best Song and Best Musical or Comedy Score. In 1996, the same musical team created the songs, and Menken, the score, for The Hunchback of Notre Dame. In 1997, Menken reunited with his early collaborator, David Zippel, for his last animated musical film in the series, Hercules.[33]

Menken also wrote the music for the Michael J. Fox vehicle Life with Mikey (1993),[34] the holiday film Noel (2004)[35] and Mirror Mirror (2012).[36] His other film scores for Disney have included Home on the Range (2004), the Tim Allen remake of The Shaggy Dog (2006), Enchanted (2007) and Tangled (2010). In March 2017, Disney released a live action film adaptation of Beauty and the Beast, with the songs from the 1991 film and new material by Menken and Rice.[37] {{as of|2017}}, Menken is collaborating on writing new songs with Benj Pasek and Justin Paul for a live-action film version of Aladdin, directed by Guy Ritchie[38], and is also working with Lin-Manuel Miranda on new music for a live-action film adaptation of The Little Mermaid,[39] which Miranda is a huge fan of. In fact, Miranda's older son is named Sebastian[40]. Menken will also once again be working with Stephen Schwartz to write new songs for Disenchanted, the sequel to Enchanted.[41]

With eight Academy Awards (four each for best score and best song), only composer Alfred Newman (nine wins) and Walt Disney (22 wins) have received more Oscars than Menken. He is tied for third place with late costume designer Edith Head. He currently holds the record for the most wins for a living person.{{citation needed|date=February 2016}} He was named a Disney Legend in 2001.[42]

Return to musical theatre

Menken debuted on Broadway with a musical theatre adaptation of Beauty and the Beast that opened in 1994 and ran for 13 years before closing in 2007. In 1997, he collaborated with lyricist Tim Rice on a musical, King David, based on the biblical character, which was performed in a concert version on Broadway at the New Amsterdam Theatre. Little Shop of Horrors played on Broadway from 2003 to 2004.[43]

He next created the stage version of The Little Mermaid, which played on Broadway from 2008 to 2009 and for which he received a nomination for a Tony Award for Best Score.[43] Menken's stage adaptation of Sister Act premiered in London in 2009, and opened on Broadway in 2011. He was nominated for another Tony Award for Best Score.[44] Menken received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 2010.[45] In December 2010, he was a guest on the NPR quiz show Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me!.[46]

In 2012, Menken won a Tony Award for Best Score for his musical adaptation of Newsies, which ran until 2014. He also wrote the music for Leap of Faith, which had a brief run on Broadway in 2012. His stage adaptation of Aladdin opened on Broadway in 2014, earning him another Tony nomination for Best Score.[43] In 2013, he was a guest at the annual Junior Theatre Festival in Atlanta, Georgia, and was honored with the Junior Theater Festival Award.[47] He gave a concert there, including music that was cut from various productions, while talking about his creative process.{{citation needed|date=February 2016}}

Menken's stage adaptation of The Hunchback of Notre Dame played at La Jolla Playhouse, California, in 2014.[48][49] The Apprenticeship of Duddy Kravitz was revived in Montreal in 2015,[50][51] and A Bronx Tale: The Musical, played at the Paper Mill Playhouse in 2016.[52]

Personal life

Menken met the ballet dancer Janis Roswick while working with the Downtown Ballet Company. They have been married since November 1972 and live in North Salem, New York. The couple have two daughters, Anna Menken and Nora Menken.[53]

Filmography

Film

YearTitleDirector(s)Credited asRoleNotes
Composer Songwriter Production Actor
1972 A Dancer's Life William Richert {{no}} {{no}} {{no}} {{yes}} Himself Documentary film
1986 Little Shop of Horrors Frank Oz {{no}} {{yes}} {{no}} {{no}} Songs co-written with Howard Ashman
1988 Who Framed Roger Rabbit Robert Zemeckis {{no}} {{yes}} {{no}} {{no}} Songwriter on "This Only Happens in the Movies" for the unproduced prequel.
1989 Polly Debbie Allen {{no}} {{yes}} {{no}} {{no}} Television film
The Little Mermaid Ron Clements
John Musker		 {{yes}} {{yes}} {{no}} {{no}} Songs co-written with Howard Ashman
1990 Rocky V John G. Avildsen {{no}} {{yes}} {{no}} {{no}} Songwriter on "Measure of a Man", co-written with Elton John & Tim Rice
1991 Beauty and the Beast Gary Trousdale
Kirk Wise		 {{yes}} {{yes}} {{no}} {{no}} Songs co-written with Howard Ashman
1992 Newsies Kenny Ortega {{no}} {{yes}} {{no}} {{no}} Songs co-written with Jack Feldman
Lost in New York Christopher Columbus {{no}} {{yes}} {{no}} {{no}} Songwriter on "My Christmas Tree", co-written with Jack Feldman
Aladdin Ron Clements
John Musker		 {{yes}} {{yes}} {{no}} {{no}} Songs co-written with Howard Ashman & Tim Rice
1993 Life with Mikey James Lapine {{yes}} {{no}} {{no}} {{no}}
1995 Pocahontas Mike Gabriel
Eric Goldberg		 {{yes}} {{yes}} {{no}} {{no}} Songs co-written with Stephen Schwartz
1996 The Hunchback of Notre Dame Gary Trousdale
Kirk Wise		 {{yes}} {{yes}} {{no}} {{yes}}{{small>(singing voice)}} Songs co-written with Stephen Schwartz;
Featured as vocalist on deleted songs "In a Place of Miracles" and "As Long as There's a Moon"
1997 Hercules Ron Clements
John Musker		 {{yes}} {{yes}} {{no}} {{no}} Songs co-written with David Zippel
2004 Home on the Range Will Finn
John Sanford		 {{yes}} {{yes}} {{no}} {{no}} Songs co-written with Glenn Slater
Noel Chazz Palminteri {{yes}} {{no}}Score producer}} {{no}}
A Christmas Carol Arthur Allan Seidelman {{yes}} {{no}} {{no}} {{no}} Television film
2006 The Shaggy Dog Brian Robbins {{yes}} {{no}} {{no}} {{no}}
2007 Enchanted Kevin Lima {{yes}} {{yes}} {{no}} {{no}} Songs co-written with Stephen Schwartz
2010 Tangled Byron Howard
Nathan Greno		 {{yes}} {{yes}}Score producer}} {{no}} Songs co-written with Glenn Slater
2011 The First Avenger Joe Johnston {{no}} {{yes}} {{no}} {{no}} Songwriter on "Star Spangled Man", co-written with David Zippel
Jock the Hero Dog Duncan MacNeillie {{no}} {{yes}} {{no}} {{no}}
2012 Mirror Mirror Tarsem Singh {{yes}} {{no}} {{no}} {{no}}
2016 Sausage Party Greg Tiernan
Conrad Vernon		 {{yes}} {{yes}} {{no}} {{no}} Co-composer with Christopher Lennertz;
Composer for "The Great Beyond," song co-written with Glenn Slater, Kyle Hunter, Ariel Shaffir, Seth Rogen and Evan Goldberg
Aria for a Cow Nikitha Mannam
Amos Sussigan		 {{no}} {{yes}} {{no}} {{no}} Short film;
Co-songwriter with Howard Ashman[54]
2017 Beauty and the Beast Bill Condon {{yes}} {{yes}} {{no}} {{no}} Original songs co-written with Howard Ashman;
New songs co-written with Tim Rice
2018 Ralph Breaks the Internet Rich Moore
Phil Johnston		 {{no}} {{yes}} {{no}} {{no}} Composer for "In This Place";
Composer for "A Place Called Slaughter Race", song co-written with Phil Johnston & Tom MacDougall
Holmes & Watson Etan Cohen {{no}} {{yes}} {{no}} {{no}} Composer for "Strange Sensation," song co-written with Glenn Slater
2019 Aladdin Guy Ritchie {{yes}} {{yes}} {{no}} {{no}} Original songs co-written with Howard Ashman & Tim Rice;
New songs co-written with Pasek & Paul
TBA}} The Little Mermaid Rob Marshall {{yes}} {{yes}} {{no}} {{no}} Original songs co-written with Howard Ashman;
New songs co-written with Lin-Manuel Miranda
TBA}} Disenchanted Adam Shankman {{yes}} {{yes}} {{no}} {{no}}Songs co-written with Stephen Schwartz
TBA}} The Hunchback of Notre Dame[55]TBA}} {{yes}} {{yes}}TBA}}TBA}}

Television

  • Sesame Street [the songs "Grouchelot", "What is Friend?", "It's Gonna Get Dirty Again," "Snuffle Friends," "Martian Family (Yip Yip Song)," and "Todos un Pueblo"] 1989–1990
  • Cartoon All-Stars to the Rescue (supervising composer, the song "Wonderful Ways to Say No") 1990
  • Lincoln 1992
  • The Neighbors - season 1 episode 20 "Sing Like a Larry Bird" [the songs "More or Less The Kind of Thing You May or May Not Possibly See on Broadway", "Giselle", "More or Less The Kind of Thing You May or May Not Possibly See on Broadway" (Reprise)] 2013
  • Galavant (2 seasons complete soundtrack, score by Christopher Lennertz) 2015–2016
  • The Series 2017[56]

Musicals

{{colbegin}}
  • Dear Worthy Editor (Off-Broadway, c.1974)

Book by Judy Ashman

Based on the letters-to-the-editor of Jewish-American newspaper Daily Jewish Forward

  • Kurt Vonnegut's God Bless You, Mr. Rosewater (Off-Broadway, 1979)

Lyrics by Howard Ashman

Based on a 1965 novel by Kurt Vonnegut

  • Little Shop of Horrors (Off-Broadway, 1982; West End, 1983; Broadway, 2003)

Lyrics by Ashman

Based on the 1960 black comedy film The Little Shop of Horrors

  • Weird Romance (Off-Broadway, 1992)[57]

Lyrics by David Spencer

Two one-act musical: Based on "Her Pilgrim Soul" and "The Girl Who Was Plugged In"

  • Beauty and the Beast (Broadway, 1994; West End, 1997)

Lyrics by Ashman and Tim Rice

Based on the Disney film Beauty and the Beast

  • A Christmas Carol (Madison Square Garden, 1994-2003)

Lyrics by Lynn Ahrens

Perennial holiday musical based on 1843 novella by Charles Dickens

  • King David (Broadway, 1997)

Lyrics by Rice

Based on the Biblical books of Samuel, 1 Chronicles and Psalms

  • Der Glöckner von Notre Dame (Berlin, 1999)

Lyrics by Stephen Schwartz

Based on the Disney film The Hunchback of Notre Dame and the 1831 novel by Victor Hugo

  • The Little Mermaid (Broadway, 2008)

Lyrics by Ashman and Glenn Slater

Based on the Disney film The Little Mermaid

  • Sister Act (West End, 2009; Broadway, 2011)

Lyrics by Slater

Based on the 1992 comedy film Sister Act

  • Leap of Faith (Broadway, 2012)

Lyrics by Slater

Based on the 1992 film Leap of Faith (film)

  • Newsies (Paper Mill Playhouse, 2011; Broadway, 2012)

Lyrics by Jack Feldman

Based on the 1992 film Newsies

  • Aladdin (Seattle, 2011; Broadway, 2014)

Lyric by Ashman, Rice and Chad Beguelin

Based on the 1992 film Aladdin

  • The Hunchback of Notre Dame (La Jolla Playhouse, 2014)

Lyrics by Schwartz

Based on the Disney film The Hunchback of Notre Dame and the 1831 novel by Victor Hugo

  • The Apprenticeship of Duddy Kravitz (Montreal, 2015)

Lyrics by Spencer

Based on the 1959 novel by Mordecai Richler

  • A Bronx Tale: The Musical (Broadway, 2016)

Lyrics by Slater

Based on the 1990 autobiographical one-man play A Bronx Tale by Chazz Palminteri[58]

{{colend}}

Other

  • Aladdin, Jr. - 1-act, 7-scene musical adapted from the animated film Aladdin 1992
  • Beauty and the Beast Live on Stage - Theatrical show at Disney's Hollywood Studios, Walt Disney World
  • A Musical Spectacular - Theatrical show at Disney California Adventure Park
  • The Hunchback of Notre Dame - Theatrical show at Disney's MGM Studios, Walt Disney World
  • Ariel's Undersea Adventure - Attraction at Disney California Adventure Park
  • Sindbad's Storybook Voyage featuring "Compass of Your Heart" - Attraction at Tokyo DisneySea, Tokyo Disney Resort
  • Dramatists Guild of America YouTube Channel music video featuring "Someone Wrote That Song"
  • Tangled: The Musical - Theatrical show on the Disney Cruise Line (starting November 2015)
  • Dubai Parks and Resortss official theme song "All the Wonders of the Universe" (opening October 2016)
  • Boston's Independence Day 2017 celebration featuring "The Sum of Us" for soloist, chorus, and orchestra

Upcoming projects

  • Menken is composing a new musical based on a 1994 film Corrina, Corrina with lyrics by Brian Yorkey and book by Jessie Nelson (writer for the film's screenplay).[59]
  • Producer John Hart hopes to revive the Menken and Eyen musical Kicks with a new book by playwright and cabaret artist Salty Brine.[60]
  • Menken has announced that a stage version of Hercules is in the works, but it has not yet entered production.[61]
  • Menken is reuniting his Newsies creators Jack Feldman and Harvey Fierstein to develop a new musical called Greetings From Niagara Falls, the reading was held, however, there is no word on future plans for the project at this time.[62]

Awards

{{main|List of awards and nominations received by Alan Menken}}

Alan Menken has earned eight Academy Awards, seven Golden Globe Awards, eleven Grammy Awards, one Tony Award, one Drama Desk Award and two Outer Critics Awards. He was awarded as a Disney Legend in 2002 and was the recipient of a Richard Kirk Career Achievement Award in 1998, a Freddie G. Award for Musical Excellence in 2013, and The Oscar Hammerstein Award in 2013, among others. The American Film Institute included the title song from the film Beauty and the Beast, in the AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs. Five other songs from his Disney films were nominated:

  • "Under the Sea" from The Little Mermaid (1989)
  • "Be Our Guest" from Beauty and the Beast (1991)
  • "Belle" from Beauty and the Beast (1991)
  • "A Whole New World" from Aladdin (1992)
  • "Friend Like Me" from Aladdin (1992)

In 2006, AFI listed its 25 greatest movie musicals. Beauty and the Beast (1991) is ranked 22nd and is the only animated musical film in the list. Four of his other film musicals were also nominated:[63]

  • Little Shop of Horrors (1986)
  • The Little Mermaid (1989)
  • Aladdin (1992)
  • The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1996)

References

1. ^1 {{cite web|title=Alan Menken Discography at Discogs|url=http://www.discogs.com/artist/Alan+Menken|accessdate=13 August 2012}}
2. ^"Timeline. Official Site", Alanmenken.com, accessed February 19, 2016
3. ^"Alan Menken Biography (1949–)", FilmReference.com, accessed August 27, 2011
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.playbill.com/article/hes-a-guest-composer-alan-menken-shares-thoughts-at-bmi-master-class-com-79059|title=He's a Guest: Composer Alan Menken Shares Thoughts at BMI Master Class - Playbill|website=Playbill}}
5. ^[https://d23.com/walt-disney-legend/alan-menken/ "Alan Menken: Year Inducted 2001"], Disney Legends, D23.com, accessed February 19, 2016
6. ^""Bouree" composition and comments from contest judges", Alanmenken.com
7. ^1 Klein, Alvin. [https://www.nytimes.com/1986/07/27/nyregion/theater-composer-finds-his-niche-in-life.html "Theater: Composer Finds His Niche in Life"], The New York Times, July 27, 1986, accessed February 19, 2016
8. ^1 [https://www.nytimes.com/movies/person/102519/Alan-Menken/biography "Alan Menken biography"], The New York Times, accessed February 19, 2016
9. ^"10 Questions With Alan and Anna Rose Menken", BMI.com, May 22, 2013, accessed February 19, 2016
10. ^1 2 Jones, Kenneth. "He's a Guest: Composer Alan Menken Shares Thoughts at BMI Master Class", Playbill, December 18, 1998
11. ^"Biography, 1972-1980", Alanmenken.com, accessed February 19, 2016
12. ^Wilson, John S. "Someday, Maybe on Broadway, But for Now They Are in SoHo", The New York Times, October 13, 1976, p. 33
13. ^Wilson, John S. "Menken and Ellen March Play", The New York Times, November 3, 1977, p. 71
14. ^Dietz, Dan. [https://books.google.com.ph/books?id=fgOqZWHCLbUC&pg=PA362 "Present Tense"], Off Broadway Musicals, 1910-2007: Casts, Credits, Songs, Critical Reception, McFarland, 2010, {{ISBN|0786457317}}, p. 362
15. ^Rich, Frank. [https://www.nytimes.com/1981/02/12/theater/revue-real-life-funnies.html "Revue. Real Life Funnies"], The New York Times, February 12, 1981, accessed February 19, 2016
16. ^Rich, Frank. [https://www.nytimes.com/1985/11/25/theater/stage-personals-musical-comedy.html "Stage. 'Personal' Musical Comedy"], The New York Times, November 25, 1985, accessed February 19, 2016
17. ^Gussow, Mel. "Cabaret: Patch, a Revue With Cheer for Over 30's: Life Passes", The New York Times, August 16, 1979, p. C14
18. ^Jay, Bernard. [https://books.google.com/books?id=m0jQr2HfvsoC&pg=PA87 "Briefly Not the Bitch"], Not Simply Divine, Simon and Schuster (1994), p. 87, {{ISBN|0671884670}}
19. ^Jones, Kenneth. ""Howard Sings Ashman" CDs Will Feature Demos From Smile, Babe, Mermaid and More", Playbill, October 10, 2008, accessed February 20, 2016
20. ^1 Suskin, Steven. [https://books.google.com/books?id=_3mOZv6OaUIC&pg=PA359 "Alan Menken"], Show Tunes: The Songs, Shows, and Careers of Broadways Major Composers, Oxford University Press (2010), pp. 356–359, {{ISBN|019974209X}}
21. ^Tepper, Jennifer. "Only Ran a Minute! 10 Forgotten Musicals Due For a Revival" {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904072156/http://www.playbill.com/news/article/they-only-ran-a-minute-10-forgotten-musicals-due-for-a-revival-348054/P11#They |date=2015-09-04 }}, Playbill, May 2, 2015, accessed February 19, 2016
22. ^[https://www.nytimes.com/movies/movie/29404/The-Line/details "The Line Details"], The New York Times, accessed February 20, 2016
23. ^1 Gussow, Mel. "Stage: God Bless You, Mr. Rosewater: In Vonnegut Land", The New York Times, May 21, 1979, p. C14
24. ^Corry, John. "Broadway: The Phoenix's place in the city's theatrical life", The New York Times, August 17, 1979, p. C2
25. ^Jones, Kenneth. "Menken & Ashman's God Bless You, Mr. Rosewater Gets NYC Concert March 7", Playbill, March 6, 2003, accessed February 18, 2016
26. ^"God Bless You, Mr. Rosewater Listing", Lortel.org, accessed February 18, 2016
27. ^Vonnegut, Kurt. [https://books.google.com/books?id=P7Wn0gB9GpYC&pg=PA3 "Script"] Kurt Vonnegut's God Bless You, Mr. Rosewater, Samuel French, Inc., 1980, {{ISBN|0573681252}}, pp. 3-4
28. ^"Menken Biography", Songwritershalloffame.org, accessed February 22, 2016
29. ^Richards, David. [https://www.nytimes.com/1994/12/02/theater/theater-review-christmas-carol-famous-miser-tiny-tim-tap-dancing-chorus.html "Theater Review. A Christmas Carol; A Famous Miser, Tiny Tim and a Tap-Dancing Chorus"], The New York Times, December 2, 1994, accessed February 18, 2016
30. ^"Show History", MTIshows.com, accessed February 18, 2016
31. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.boxofficemojo.com/yearly/chart/mpaarating.htm?rating=G&yr=1989&p=.htm | title=1989 Yearly Box Office for G-Rated Movies | publisher=Internet Movie Database | work=Box Office Mojo | accessdate=July 29, 2010}}
32. ^1 2 "Menken Academy Awards" {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080723203618/http://awardsdatabase.oscars.org/ampas_awards/BasicSearch |date=2008-07-23 }}, Awardsdatabase.oscars.org, accessed February 19, 2016
33. ^Hercules, TCM.com, accessed February 19, 2016
34. ^Rainer, Peter. "A Fox Steals the Show in Too-Cute Life", Los Angeles Times, June 4, 1993, accessed February 18, 2016
35. ^Demonte, Adena. Noel, Film Monthly, December 1, 2004, accessed February 18, 2016
36. ^Phares, Heather. "Alan Menken: Mirror Mirror (Soundtrack)", AllMusic, accessed February 18, 2016
37. ^{{cite news| last1=McNary|first1=Dave| title=Disney’s Live-Action Beauty and the Beast Set for March 17, 2017|url=https://variety.com/2015/film/news/beauty-and-the-beast-release-date-disney-live-action-2017-1201453646/|accessdate=January 10, 2016|work=Variety|date=March 16, 2015}}
38. ^{{Cite web|url=https://makeitbetter.net/entertainment/alan-menken-talks-live-action-aladdin-little-mermaid-young-lin-manuel-miranda/|title=Alan Menken Talks Live-Action Aladdin, Little Mermaid, and Young Lin-Manuel Miranda|date=2019-01-07|website=Make It Better - Family, Food, Finances & Philanthropy|language=en-US|access-date=2019-03-15}}
39. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.broadwayworld.com/article/VIDEO-Pasek-Paul-to-Team-with-Menken-on-Live-Action-ALADDIN-Miranda-Confirmed-for-LITTLE-MERMAID-20170717|title=VIDEO: Pasek & Paul to Team with Menken on Live-Action ALADDIN; Miranda Confirmed for LITTLE MERMAID|website=Broadway World}}
40. ^{{Cite web|url=https://makeitbetter.net/entertainment/alan-menken-talks-live-action-aladdin-little-mermaid-young-lin-manuel-miranda/|title=Alan Menken Talks Live-Action Aladdin, Little Mermaid, and Young Lin-Manuel Miranda|date=2019-01-07|website=Make It Better - Family, Food, Finances & Philanthropy|language=en-US|access-date=2019-03-15}}
41. ^{{cite web|url=http://collider.com/adam-shankman-interview-step-up-enchanted-2/#youtube-red|title=Adam Shankman on 'Step Up: High Water' and The Status of the 'Enchanted' Sequel|author=Christina Radish|work=Collider|quote=As planned right now, there's more singing and dancing than there was in the first one, and it's all original music, with Alan Menken and Stephen Schwartz coming back to do it.|date=March 7, 2018|accessdate=April 30, 2018}}
42. ^[https://d23.com/legends/Alan-Menken Disney Legends – Alan Menken], Disney Legends, D23.com, accessed February 19, 2016
43. ^1 2 "Alan Menken", Internet Broadway Database, accessed February 17, 2016
44. ^"2011 Tony Nominations Announced!" BroadwayWorld.com, May 3, 2011
45. ^Gans, Andrew. "Alan Menken to Be Honored with Star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame" {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101212075313/http://www.playbill.com/news/article/144700-Alan-Menken-to-Be-Honored-with-Star-on-the-Hollywood-Walk-of-Fame |date=2010-12-12 }}, Playbill, November 8, 2010
46. ^[https://www.npr.org/programs/wait-wait-dont-tell-me/2010/12/18/132155902/?showDate=2010-12-18 "Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me! for December 18, 2010"], NPR.org, accessed February 18, 2016
47. ^Hetrick, Adam. "2013 Junior Theater Festival to Feature Newsies Cast, Alan Menken, Thomas Schumacher, Jeff Calhoun and More", Playbill, January 7, 2013
48. ^{{cite web| url=http://www.broadwayworld.com/article/Patrick-Page-Michael-Arden-Ciara-Renee-More-to-Lead-THE-HUNCHBACK-OF-NOTRE-DAME-at-La-Jolla-Playhouse-20140904| title=Patrick Page, Michael Arden, Ciara Renee & More to Lead The Hunchback of Notre Dame at La Jolla Playhouse!|author=BWW News Desk|work=BroadwayWorld.com| date=September 4, 2014}}
49. ^{{cite web|url=http://playbill.com/news/article/188119-Paper-Mill-Season-Will-Feature-Can-Can-Hunchback-Ever-After-Vanya-and-Sonia-and-More?tsrc=hpt2 |title=Paper Mill Season Will Feature Can-Can, Hunchback, Ever After, Vanya and Sonia and More |publisher=playbill.com |date=February 26, 2014 |accessdate=February 18, 2016 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140302173902/http://playbill.com/news/article/188119-Paper-Mill-Season-Will-Feature-Can-Can-Hunchback-Ever-After-Vanya-and-Sonia-and-More?tsrc=hpt2 |archivedate=March 2, 2014 }}
50. ^1 Viagas, Robert. "Alan Menken-David Spencer Musical Duddy Kravitz Will Get Another Chance in Montreal", Playbill, March 28, 2014
51. ^1 "Cast Set for World Premiere of Alan Menken Musical Duddy Kravitz in Montreal", BroadwayWorld.com, March 10, 2015
52. ^The Verdict: Critics Review 'Bronx Tale: The Musical'", Playbill, February 17, 2016
53. ^"Westchester Fall Arts Preview: Theater" westchestermagazine.com, Retrieved 2014-10-02.
54. ^https://www.awn.com/news/dan-lund-animates-aria-cow
55. ^{{cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2019/01/hunchback-movie-disney-live-action-david-henry-hwang-josh-gad-alan-menken-stephen-schwartz-1202536031/|title=Disney Rings ‘Hunchback’ Bell: David Henry Hwang To Script Live Action Musical, Alan Menken/Stephen Schwartz Writing Music|website=Deadline|last=Fleming Jr.|first=Mike|date=January 16, 2019|accessdate=January 16, 2019}}
56. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.comingsoon.net/tv/news/663929-tangled-before-ever-after-adds-ashley-judd-jeffrey-tambor-more|title=Tangled: Before Ever After Adds More Voice Cast|date=8 March 2016|publisher=}}
57. ^1 Gussow, Mel. [https://www.nytimes.com/1992/06/23/theater/review-theater-nearby-science-fiction-in-a-musical-of-2-parts.html "Review/Theater; Nearby Science Fiction In a Musical of 2 Parts"], The New York Times, June 23, 1992
58. ^Gans, Andrew. "De Niro and Zaks Pick Jason Gotay, Nick Cordero, Richard H. Blake to Star in 'Bronx Tale: The Musical'", Playbill, December 18, 2015
59. ^Hetrick, Adam. "Alan Menken Writing Corinna, Corinna Musical for Audra McDonald", Playbill, December 11, 2014
60. ^{{cite news|last1=Reidel|first1=Michael|title=This forgotten musical is about to make a big comeback|url=https://nypost.com/2016/07/19/this-forgotten-musical-is-about-to-make-a-big-comeback|work=The New York Post|date=July 19, 2016}}
61. ^{{cite news|last1=Pimentel|first1=Joseph|title=Alan Menken's life story in musicals to highlight D23 Expo in Anaheim|url=http://www.ocregister.com/2017/07/07/alan-menkens-life-story-in-musicals-to-highlight-d23-expo-in-anaheim/|accessdate=4 January 2018|work=Orange County Register|date=July 10, 2017|quote=I have a very strong belief like "Newsies," "Hercules" is going to have a moment that will surprise people. Actually, I'm working on a stage version of "Hercules."}}
62. ^https://www.broadwayworld.com/article/Shoshana-Bean-Bonnie-Milligan-Terrance-Mann-Nancy-Opel-Lead-Reading-of-GREETINGS-FROM-NIAGARA-FALLS-From-The-Creative-Team-Of-NEWSIES-20190122
63. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.afi.com/Docs/100Years/musicals_ballot.pdf|title=AFI's GREATEST MOVIE MUSICALS|last=|first=|date=|website=|access-date=2018-02-23}}

Further reading

  • [https://archive.is/20071019222323/http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9112996 Disney Biography of Menken]
  • {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071019222323/http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9112996 |date=October 19, 2007 |title=Menken, Alan. }} Britannica Book of the Year, 1997. 2007. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved September 6, 2007.
  • Interview with Alan Menken, theartsdesk.com. Posted May 16, 2010.

External links

{{Commons}}{{Wikiquote}}
  • {{IBDB name|12135}}
  • [https://archive.is/20130415064252/http://www.lortel.org/lla_archive/index.cfm?search_by=people&keyword=name&first=Alan&last=Menken&middle= Internet Off-Broadway database Listing]
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20080513071728/http://musicaltalk.co.uk/episodes_0063.html MusicalTalk interview] with Alan Menken
  • {{IMDb name|id=0579678|name=Alan Menken}}
  • The Whole New World of Alan Menken
  • Alan Menken: "Beauty and the Beast captures the magic of Disney animations and brings it to the stage" Alan Menken in Barcelona's Beauty and the Beast
{{Alan Menken}}{{Navboxes
|title = Awards for Alan Menken
|list ={{Academy_Award_Best_Original_Score}}{{Academy_Award_Best_Original_Song}}{{DramaDesk Music 2001–2025}}{{Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score}}{{Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song}}{{Grammy Award for Song of the Year 1990s}}{{Saturn Award for Best Music}}{{TonyAward MusicalScore 2001–2025}}
}}{{EGOT winners}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Menken, Alan}}

24 : 1949 births|Living people|Musicians from New Rochelle, New York|American film score composers|21st-century American composers|20th-century American composers|Animation composers|Male film score composers|Jewish American composers|Jewish American songwriters|American musical theatre composers|Best Original Music Score Academy Award winners|Best Original Song Academy Award-winning songwriters|Tony Award winners|Annie Award winners|Grammy Award winners|Walt Disney Animation Studios people|Walt Disney Records artists|Rocky music|Walt Disney Records artists|People from North Salem, New York|Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development alumni|Songwriters from New York (state)|Songwriters Hall of Fame inductees
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