| 词条 | Chatham kaka |
| 释义 |
| fossil_range= Holocene | name = Chatham kaka | status = EX | extinct = between 1550 and 1700 | genus = Nestor | species = chathamensis | authority = Wood, Mitchell, Scofield and Tennyson, 2014[1] }} The Chatham kaka or Chatham Island kaka (Nestor chathamensis) is an extinct parrot species previously found on the Chatham Islands, New Zealand.[1][2][3] The first individuals were thought to belong to the kaka (Nestor meridionalis), but detailed examination of the subfossil bones showed that they actually belong to a separate endemic species.[4][3] The species became extinct within the first 150 years of the arrival of the Polynesians around 1550, long before any European settlers.[4] No skins or descriptions are available.[4] TaxonomyThe Chatham kaka is assigned to the genus Nestor in the family Nestoridae, a small group of parrot species native to New Zealand. It is considered to have been more closely related to the kaka (Nestor meridionalis) and the extinct Norfolk kaka (Nestor productus) than to the kea (Nestor notabilis).[4][3] EcologyThe Chatham kaka was a forest dwelling species[4] of about the same size as the North Island subspecies of the kaka, Nestor meridionalis septentrionalis.[2] However, it had a much broader pelvis, enlarged legs, and a beak that was intermediate between kea and kaka.[3] It had no natural predators (it was bigger than the New Zealand falcon) and, as is often observed with such island endemics, it is believed to have been a poor flyer.[4] References1. ^{{cite journal |last=Forbes |first=H. O. |date=1893 |title=A list of the birds inhabiting the Chatham Islands |journal=Ibis |volume=35 |issue=4 |pages=521–546 |doi=10.1111/j.1474-919X.1893.tb01240.x}} {{Strigopidae |state=expanded}}{{Birds of New Zealand}}{{Portal bar|Birds|New Zealand}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q860367}}{{DEFAULTSORT:kaka, Chatham}}2. ^1 {{cite journal |last=Dawson |first=E. W. |date=1959 |title=The supposed occurrence of Kakapo, Kaka and Kea in the Chatham Islands |journal=Notornis |volume=8 |issue=4 |pages=106–114}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite journal|title=An extinct nestorid parrot (Aves, Psittaciformes, Nestoridae) from the Chatham Islands, New Zealand|journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society |year=2014|first=J.R. |last=Wood |author2=Mitchell K. J. |author3=Scofield R. P. |author4=Tennyson A. J. D. |author5=Fidler A. E. |author6=Wilmshurst J. M. |author7=Llamas B. |author8=Cooper A. |volume=172|pages=185–199|doi= 10.1111/zoj.12164 }} 4. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite journal |last=Millener |first=P. R. |date=1999 |title=The history of the Chatham Islands' bird fauna of the last 7000 years – a chronicle of change and extinction. Proceedings of the 4th International meeting of the Society of Avian Paleontology and Evolution (Washington, D.C., June 1996) |journal=Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology |volume=89 |pages=85–109 |url= http://www.sil.si.edu/smithsoniancontributions/Paleobiology/pdf_hi/SCtP-0089.pdf}} 5 : Nestor (genus)|Birds of the Chatham Islands|Extinct birds of New Zealand|Bird extinctions since 1500|Birds described in 2014 |
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