Cheever is an English surname. It is from Anglo-Norman French chivere, chevre ‘goat’ (Latin capra ‘nanny goat’), applied as a nickname for an unpredictable or temperamental person, or a metonymic occupational name for a goatherd.

Notable people with the surname include:

• Abijah Cheever (1760–1843), American doctor and politician, descendant of Ezekiel Cheever
• Benjamin Cheever (born 1948), American writer and editor, son of John Cheever
• Benjamin H. Cheever, Jr. (1850–1930), US Army officer
• Charles A. Cheever (1852-1900), American inventor and businessman
• Charlie Cheever (born 1981), American engineer and businessman, one of the founders of Quora
• Eddie Cheever (born 1958), American racing driver
• Eddie Cheever III (born 1993), Italian racing driver, son of Eddie Cheever
• Ezekiel Cheever (1614–1708), England-born schoolmaster
• John Cheever (1912–1982), American novelist and short story writer
• Jonathan Cheever (born 1985), American snowboarder
• Joseph Cheever (1772–1872), American farmer and politician, brother of Abijah Cheever
• Michael Cheever (born 1973), American football center in the National Football League
• Ross Cheever (born 1964), American racing driver, brother of Eddie Cheever
• Susan Cheever (born 1943), American author, daughter of John Cheever

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