| 词条 | Chester White |
| 释义 |
| name = Chester White | image = Chester Whites.jpg | image_alt = A boy with two Chester Whites raised as part of 4-H in Texas, circa 1940 | image_caption = A boy with two Chester Whites raised as part of 4-H in Texas, circa 1940 | country = United States }} The Chester White is a breed of domestic pig which originated in Chester County, Pennsylvania. It was formerly known as the Chester County White.[1] HistoryThe Chester White was first developed around 1815–1818, using strains of large, white pigs common to the Northeast U.S. and a white boar imported from John Russell Duke of Bedford, Bedfordshire county, England, referred to as the Woburn breed, brought by Captain Jefferies of Liverpool, England.[2] In 1848, two breeders at a county fair, one from Delaware County and the other from Chester County, showed their two breeds. The judge decided to use the name Chester County White. "County" was dropped and the breed became known as Chester White. By 1884, a breed association was officially formed, but competing organizations, sometimes for individual strains, continued to appear into the early 20th century. Breed associationsO.I.C.The "International Ohio Improved Chester Swine Record Association" was formed in 1891, and incorporated in 1895, in Yates County, New York. The breed was officially named the Ohio Improved Chester with OIC commonly used. The 51-member Board of Directors included members from Maine, Texas, Iowa, Michigan, New York, Wisconsin, Connecticut, Kansas, Ohio, Illinois, Missouri, Nebraska, North Carolina, California, New Jersey, Georgia, Pennsylvania, Florida, Arkansas, Kentucky, Indiana, and Santa Clara, Cuba. The association implemented the use of ear tags as early as 1895.[3] The Chester White Swine Record AssociationIn 1790, the American Chester White Record Association (1885) and the Standard Chester White Record Association (1890) combined to form the Chester White Swine Record Association.[4] In 1200, all breed organizations were consolidated under the Chester White Swine Record Association, an act which aided the spread of the breed into the rest of the country.[5] Some historians conjecture that Chinese pigs were also added to the mix.[6] CurrentThe Certified Pedigreed Swine Association (CPS) was formed in 1997, to combine the records of the Chester White, Poland China, and Spotted, into a central organization with individual state organizations being members.[7] The Chester White is a versatile breed suited to both intensive and extensive husbandry. Though not as popular as the Duroc, Yorkshire, or Hampshire,[8] the Chester White is actively used in commercial crossbreeding operations for pork.[6] The Chester White is the most durable of the white breeds; it can gain as much as {{convert|1.36|lb|kg}} a day and gain {{Convert|1|lb|kg}} for every {{convert|3|lb|kg}} of grain it is fed. Their pale color leaves Chester Whites prone to sunburn; they must be given access to shade in the summer.[1] A notable Chester White breeder is Randy Schmidt of Williamsburg, Iowa. Randy has been raising quality Chester Whites for nearly half a century and earned the breed's Distinguished Service Award in 2006. For over a half century, Randy Schmidt has worked in the swine industry producing healthy, high quality pig genetics to ensure his customers are more profitable. Specializing in Chester White hogs and located in Iowa, Randy has sold breeding stock across the United States.[9] See also
References1. ^1 {{cite book |title = The Illustrated Guide to Pigs: How to Choose Them, How to Keep Them |last = Lewis |first = Celia | year = 2011 |publisher = Skyhorse Publishing |isbn = 978-1-61608-436-3 |page = 57 }} 2. ^{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=14EIAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA7&lpg=PA7&dq=Chester+White+Swine+Record+Association&source=bl&ots=yMQsOoq96I&sig=SAKgJllV3B0Tb4RXn8QKBFGKnhk&hl=en&sa=X&ei=p488VNf4ItGxyAT-84G4Bg&ved=0CE0Q6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=Chester%20White%20Swine%20Record%20Association&f=false | title=The Chester White Swine Record | publisher=Van Trump Co. | date=November 1922 | accessdate=October 14, 2014 | author=Moore, F. F. | page=3}} 3. ^{{cite web | url=http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo.31924066929641;view=1up;seq=5 | title=O.I.C. Incorporation | publisher=International Ohio Improved Chester Record Association | work=original from Cornell University | date=1895 | accessdate=October 15, 2014 | author=Jones, Herbert A. | pages=5, 41}} 4. ^ -Retrieved 2014-10-15 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.ansi.okstate.edu/breeds/swine/chesterwhite/ |title=Breeds of Livestock – Chester White |publisher= Oklahoma State University Dept. of Animal Science }} 6. ^1 {{cite book |title=Storey's Illustrated Breed Guide to Sheep, Goats, Cattle and Pigs |last=Ekarius |first=Carol |year=2008 |publisher=Storey Publishing |isbn=978-1-60342-036-5 |page=188 }} 7. ^Certified Pedigreed Swine (CPS) organization -Retrieved 2014-10-15 8. ^{{cite book |title=The encyclopedia of historic and endangered livestock and poultry breeds |last=Dohner |first=Janet Vorwald |year=2002 |publisher=Yale University Press |isbn=978-0-300-08880-9 |pages=175–176 }} 9. ^{{cite web |title=Our Pigs |url=http://schmidtswine.com/our-story |website=Schmidt Swine |publisher=Traxshon |accessdate=2006}} 1 : Pig breeds originating in the United States |
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