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词条 Chlorophyll c
释义

  1. Chlorophyll c1

  2. Chlorophyll c2

  3. Chlorophyll c3

  4. References

{{expand language|topic=|langcode=sh|otherarticle=Hlorofil c1|date=August 2014}}{{DISPLAYTITLE:Chlorophyll c}}Chlorophyll c is a form of chlorophyll found in certain marine algae, including the photosynthetic Chromista (e.g. diatoms, brown algae) and dinoflagellates.[1][2][2]

It has a blue-greenish color and is an accessory pigment, particularly significant in its absorption of light in the 447-452 nm wavelength region, [2] Like chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b, it helps the organism gather light and passes a quanta of excitation energy through the light harvesting antennae to the photosynthetic reaction centre. Chlorophyll c is unusual because it has a porphyrin ring structure and does not have an isoprenoid tail or a reduced ring D, features typical of the other chlorophylls commonly found in algae and plants.[3]

Chlorophyll c can be further divided into chlorophyll c1, chlorophyll c2[2] and chlorophyll c3,[4] plus at least 8 other more-recently-found subtypes.[5]

Chlorophyll c1

{{Chembox
| Name=Chlorophyll c1
| verifiedrevid = 429169129
| ImageFile = Chlorophyll c1.svg
| ImageSize =
| ImageFile1 = Chlorophyll-c1-3D-balls.png
| ImageAlt1 = Chlorophyll c1 molecule
| IUPACName = [(2E)-3-[14-Ethyl-21-(methoxycarbonyl)-4,8,13,18-tetramethyl-20-oxo-9-vinyl-3,4-didehydro-3-phorbinyl-κ2N23,N25]acrylato(2-)]magnesium
| OtherNames =
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
| CASNo =
| PubChem = 25245630
| ChEBI = 38202
| ChemSpiderID = 21865345
| Beilstein = 5801077, 6996880
| SMILES = CCC1=C(C)/C2=C/c3c(C=C)c(C)c4\\C=C5/N=C(C(\\C=C\\C(O)=O)=C/5C)C5=c6c(C(=O)C5C(=O)OC)c(C)c(=CC1=N\\2)n6[Mg]n34
| SMILES1 = COC(=O)C9C(=O)c6c(C)c3n7c6c9c2c(C=CC(=O)O)c(C)c1cc5n8c(cc4n([Mg]78n12)c(c=3)c(CC)c4c)c(C=C)c5C
| StdInChI = 1S/C35H32N4O5.Mg/c1-8-19-15(3)22-12-24-17(5)21(10-11-28(40)41)32(38-24)30-31(35(43)44-7)34(42)29-18(6)25(39-33(29)30)14-27-20(9-2)16(4)23(37-27)13-26(19)36-22;/h8,10-14,31H,1,9H2,2-7H3,(H3,36,37,38,39,40,41,42);/q;+2/p-2/b11-10+,22-12-,23-13-,24-12-,25-14-,26-13-,27-14-,32-30-;
| StdInChIKey = DGNIJJSSARBJSH-QRKQXEOSSA-L }}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| C=35 | H=30 | O=5 | N=4 | Mg=1
| Appearance =
| Density =
| MeltingPt =
| BoilingPt =
| Solubility = }}
|Section3={{Chembox Hazards
| MainHazards =
| FlashPt =
| AutoignitionPt = }}
}}

Chlorophyll c1 is a common form of chlorophyll c. It differs from chlorophyll c2 in its C8 group, having an ethyl group instead of vinyl group (C-C single bond instead of C=C double bond).

Its absorption maxima are around 444, 577, 626 nm and 447, 579, 629 nm in diethyl ether and acetone respectively.[6]

{{-}}

Chlorophyll c2

{{Chembox
| Name=Chlorophyll c2
| verifiedrevid = 428811250
| ImageFile = Chlorophyll c2.svg
| ImageSize = 200px
| ImageFile1 = Chlorophyll-c2-3D-balls.png
| ImageAlt1 = Chlorophyll c2 molecule
| IUPACName = [(2E)-3-[21-(Methoxycarbonyl)-4,8,13,18-tetramethyl-20-oxo-9,14-divinyl-3,4-didehydro-3-phorbinyl-κ2N23,N25]acrylato(2-)]magnesium
| OtherNames =
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
| CASNo = 27736-03-4
| PubChem = 16070018
| ChemSpiderID = 21865346
| ChEBI = 38203
| UNII = 8GAP92KIWW
| Beilstein = 5801049 6996841
| InChI=1S/C35H30N4O5.Mg/c1-8-19-15(3)22-12-24-17(5)21(10-11-28(40)41)32(38-24)30-31(35(43)44-7)34(42)29-18(6)25(39-33(29)30)14-27-20(9-2)16(4)23(37-27)13-26(19)36-22;/h8-14,31H,1-2H2,3-7H3,(H3,36,37,38,39,40,41,42);/q;+2/p-2/b11-10+,22-12?,23-13?,24-12?,25-14?,26-13?,27-14?,32-30?;
| InChIKey = QDRBYWCRXZZVLY-JUQUGTHISA-L
| SMILES = CC1=C(C2=CC3=NC(=CC4=C(C5=C([N-]4)C(=C6C(=C(C(=N6)C=C1[N-]2)C)C=CC(=O)O)C(C5=O)C(=O)OC)C)C(=C3C)C=C)C=C.[Mg+2]
| SMILES1 = COC(=O)C9C(=O)c6c(C)c3n7c6c9c2c(C=CC(=O)O)c(C)c1cc5n8c(cc4n([Mg]78n12)c(c=3)c(C=C)c4c)c(C=C)c5C }}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| C=35 | H=28 | O=5 | N=4 | Mg=1
| Appearance =
| Density =
| MeltingPt =
| BoilingPt =
| Solubility = }}
|Section3={{Chembox Hazards
| MainHazards =
| FlashPt =
| AutoignitionPt = }}
}}Chlorophyll c2 is the most common form of chlorophyll c.[7]

Its absorption maxima are around 447, 580, 627 nm and 450, 581, 629 nm in diethyl ether and acetone respectively.[6]

{{-}}

Chlorophyll c3

{{Chembox
| Name=Chlorophyll c3
| ImageFile =
| ImageSize =
| ImageFile1 =
| ImageAlt1 =
| IUPACName =
| OtherNames =
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
| CASNo = 111308-93-1
| PubChem = 71587417
| UNII = FMN10170B8
| InChI=1S/C36H30N4O7.Mg/c1-8-18-15(3)21-12-22-16(4)20(10-11-27(41)42)32(39-22)30-31(36(45)47-7)34(43)28-17(5)23(40-33(28)30)13-25-19(9-2)29(35(44)46-6)26(38-25)14-24(18)37-21;/h8-14,31,38,43H,1-2H2,3-7H3,(H,41,42);/q;+2/p-2/b11-10+,21-12?,25-13?,26-14?,32-30?;/t31-;/m1./s1
| InChIKey = CWLZENTWIZFJMW-XUGDHDJXSA-L
| ChemSpiderID =
| SMILES = CC1=C(C2=NC1=CC3=NC(=C4C(C(=C5C4=NC(=C5C)C=C6C(=C(C(=C2)N6)C(=O)OC)C=C)[O-])C(=O)OC)C(=C3C)C=CC(=O)[O-])C=C.[Mg+2] }}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| C=36 | H=28 | O=7 | N=4 | Mg=1
| Appearance =
| Density =
| MeltingPt =
| BoilingPt =
| Solubility = }}
|Section3={{Chembox Hazards
| MainHazards =
| FlashPt =
| AutoignitionPt = }}
}}Chlorophyll c3 is a form of chlorophyll c found in microalga Emiliania huxleyi, identified in 1989.[4]

Its absorption maxima are around 452, 585, 625 nm and 452, 585, 627 nm in diethyl ether and acetone respectively.[6]

{{-}}

References

1. ^{{cite web|last1=Speer|first1=B.R.|title=Photosynthetic Pigments|url=http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/glossary/gloss3/pigments.html|accessdate=2 August 2014}}
2. ^1 2 {{cite journal|last1=Dougherty|first1=Ralph C.|last2=Strain|first2=H. H.|last3=Svee|first3=W. A.|last4=Uphaus|first4=R. A.|last5=Katz|first5=J. J.|title=The Structure, Properties, and Distribution of Chlorophyll c|journal=J. Am. Chem. Soc.|date=May 1970|volume=92|issue=9|pages=2826–2833|doi=10.1021/ja00712a037}}
3. ^1 {{cite book|last1=Blankenship|first1=Robert E.|title=Molecular Mechanisms of Photosynthesis|date=February 2002|publisher=Wiley-Blackwell}}
4. ^1 {{cite journal|last1=Fookes|first1=Christopher J. R.|last2=Jeffrey|first2=S. W.|title=The structure of chlorophyll c3, a novel marine photosynthetic pigment|journal=J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun.|date=1989|issue=23|pages=1827–1828}}
5. ^{{cite journal|last1=Zapata|first1=Manuel|last2=Garrido|first2=José L.|last3=Jeffrey|first3=Shirley W.|title=Chlorophyll c Pigments: Current Status|journal=Chlorophylls and Bacteriochlorophylls: Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration|date=2006|volume=25|pages=39–53|doi=10.1007/1-4020-4516-6_3}}
6. ^1 2 {{cite journal|last1=Fawley|first1=Marvin W.|journal=Plant Physiol.|title=A New Form of Chlorophyll c Involved in Light-Harvesting|date=1989|volume=91|issue=2|pages=727–732|doi=10.1104/pp.91.2.727|pmc=1062062|pmid=16667093}}
7. ^{{cite journal|last1=Jeffrey|first1=S. W.|title=The Occurrence of Chlorophyll c1 and c2 in Algae|journal=Journal of Phycology|date=September 1976|volume=12|issue=3|pages=349–354|doi=10.1111/j.1529-8817.1976.tb02855.x}}
{{tetrapyrroles}}{{Plant pigments}}

4 : Porphyrins|Photosynthetic pigments|Brown algae|Diatom biology
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