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词条 Chojolom
释义

  1. Sculptures

  2. Gallery

  3. See also

  4. Notes

  5. References

  6. Further reading

{{double image|right|Chojolom 2.jpg|180|Chojolom 7.jpg|180|Boulder sculpture at Chojolom, believed to represent the head of a deity.[1] |Artificial cave where one of the stone heads was found}}Chojolom is a small Maya archaeological site in the western highlands of Guatemala. The site features a number of sculpted stones that are presumed to belong to the K'iche Maya culture of the Postclassic Period (approximately AD 900–1520).[2] Chojolom is situated on a hill in the municipality of Cantel, in the department of Quetzaltenango.[3] The municipality is inhabited by K'iche' Maya to this day, who make up 93.8% of the local population.[4] Cantel is located {{convert|10|km|mi}} from the modern city of Quetzaltenango at Kilometer 217 on the CA2 Highway.[5] Chojolom is believed to have been a ritual site.[6]Chojolom means "by the head" in the K'iche' Maya language, deriving from the root word jolom ("head").[7] Local historian Mariano Cornejo has speculated that the depositing of the stone heads and the naming of the hill may be linked.[8]

Sculptures

{{Maya civilization}}

As of September 2010 three sculpted stone heads have been found at the site; one of an armadillo, one human and one representing a deity.[9] The heads were discovered when mud was cleared away after a period of heavy rain in 2010.[10] One of the stone heads was found in a cave at the site.[11] Ceramics and bones have also been found, which may represent a ritual offering.[12] In addition to the stone heads, a clay head has also been found.[13] A minor landslide in October 2010 revealed a stone altar under a tree root.[14]

The Armadillo Head measures approximately {{convert|15|by|20|cm|in}}.[15] The nine-banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus) is native to the Cantel region.[16] The Armadillo Head was the first of the three stone heads to have been found by local farmer Sebastián Sam.[17]

The Human Head measures {{convert|50|by|50|cm|in}}.[18] It was the second stone head to be discovered at Chojolom.[19]

The Deity Head is the largest sculpture, measuring {{convert|1.1|by|1.4|m|ft}}.[20] It was the third stone head to be found at the site.[21]

The Altar measures {{convert|25|by|50|cm|in}} and bears designs that include circles, hills, human figures and a deer.[22] The combination of six human figures with the deer has been interpreted as a Maya calendrical date by Guatemalan anthropologist Lina Barrios.[23]

Gallery

See also

  • Cerro Quiac

Notes

1. ^Rodas 2010-09-18.
2. ^Rodas 2010-09-18.
3. ^Rodas 2010-09-18. Rodríguez Rouanet et al 1992, p.2.
4. ^Anonymous 2010-09-18. Servicio de Información Municipal.
5. ^Inforpressca, p.6.
6. ^Rodas 2010-09-18.
7. ^Rodas 2010-09-18. Christenson, p.46.
8. ^Rodas 2010-09-18.
9. ^Rodas 2010-09-18.
10. ^Rodas 2010-09-18.
11. ^Rodas 2010-09-18.
12. ^Rodas 2010-09-18.
13. ^Rodas 2010-09-18.
14. ^Rodas 2010-10-05.
15. ^Rodas 2010-09-18.
16. ^Rodas 2010-09-18. Corporación Municipal 2001, p.14.
17. ^Anonymous 2010-09-18.
18. ^Rodas 2010-09-18.
19. ^Rodas 2010-09-18.
20. ^Rodas 2010-09-18.
21. ^Rodas 2010-09-18.
22. ^Rodas 2010-10-05.
23. ^Rodas 2010-10-05.

References

{{commons category}}{{Wikivoyage|Cantel|Chojolom}}{{refbegin|indent=yes}}

{{cite news |title=Editorial: Hallazgos en Cantel deben protegerse |author=Anonymous |url=http://www.elquetzalteco.com.gt/18.09.2010/?q=opiniones/hallazgos_en_cantel_deben_protegerse |newspaper=El Quetzalteco |location=Quetzaltenango, Guatemala |date=2010-09-18 |accessdate=2010-10-19 |language=Spanish |trans-title=Editorial: Finds in Cantel should be protected}}

{{cite web |title=Plan Estratégico de Desarollo Integral del Municipio de Cantel |url=http://www.inforpressca.com/cantelq/plan_estrategico.pdf |format=PDF |author=Corporación Municipal |location=Cantel, Guatemala |year=2001 |accessdate=2010-10-19|language=es}}

{{cite web |author=Christenson, Allen J |title=K’iche’ - English Dictionary and Guide to Pronunciation of the K’iche’-Maya Alphabet |url=http://www.famsi.org/mayawriting/dictionary/christenson/quidic_complete.pdf|format=PDF |publisher=Foundation for the Advancement of Mesoamerican Studies, Inc. (FAMSI) |accessdate=2010-10-18}}

{{cite web |author=Inforpressca |title=Diagnostico, Área Urbana Cantel. Quetzaltenango |format=PDF |url=http://www.inforpressca.com/cantelq/diagnostico_cabecera_municipal.pdf |publisher=Inforpressca |location=Guatemala |accessdate=2010-10-19}}

{{cite news |title=Descubren piedras antiguas |author=Rodas, Leonel |url=http://www.elquetzalteco.com.gt/18.09.2010/?q=breves/descubren_piedras_antiguas |newspaper=El Quetzalteco |location=Quetzaltenango, Guatemala |date=2010-09-18 |accessdate=2010-10-18 |language=Spanish |trans-title=Ancient stones found}}

{{cite news |title=Descubren altar antiguo en Cantel |author=Rodas, Leonel |url=http://www.elquetzalteco.com.gt/05.10.2010/?q=node/375/print |newspaper=El Quetzalteco |location=Quetzaltenango, Guatemala |date=2010-10-05 |accessdate=2010-10-18 |language=Spanish |trans-title=Ancient altar found in Cantel}}

{{cite book|author=Rodríguez Rouanet, Francisco |author2=Fernando Seijas |author3=Gerardo Townson Rincón |year=1992 |title=Quetzaltenango |series=Monografías de Guatemala, 3 |publisher=Banco Granai & Townson |location=Guatemala |oclc=31406036|language=es}}

{{cite web|author=Servicio de Información Municipal |title=Demografía del Municipio de Cantel, Quetzaltenango |publisher=Inforpressca |location=Guatemala City |accessdate=2010-10-19| url=http://www.inforpressca.com/cantelq/demografia.php|language=es}}

{{refend}}

Further reading

{{refbegin|indent=yes}}

{{cite news |title=Sitio arqueológico atrae al turismo |author=Chaclán, Ana C. |url=http://www.prensalibre.com.gt/quetzaltenango/Sitio-arqueologico-atrae-turismo_0_656934347.html |newspaper=Prensa Libre |location=Guatemala City, Guatemala |date=2012-03-03 |accessdate=2013-03-24 |language=Spanish |trans-title=Archaeological site attracts tourism}}

{{refend}}{{-}}{{Maya sites}}{{coord missing|Guatemala}}

6 : Maya sites in Guatemala|Archaeological sites in Guatemala|Former populated places in Guatemala|Quetzaltenango Department|K'iche'|Maya Postclassic Period
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