“Cibodas Botanical Garden”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Cibodas Botanical Gardens ({{lang-id|Kebun Raya Cibodas}}, KRC) is a {{convert|84.99|ha|acre}} botanical garden on the slopes of Mount Gede, located in the Cibodas subdistrict of West Java, Indonesia.^[1] It is operated by the Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI).

History

The garden was founded in 1852 by the Dutch botanist Johannes Elias Teijsmann as a branch of the Bogor Botanical Gardens, and its layout was completed under Rudolph Scheffer in later years.^[2]

Overview

The gardens were built at a high altitude, allowing the growth of subtropical plants.^[2] The garden is approximately {{convert|1300|-|1425|m}} above mean sea level, with an average temperature across the year of 20.06 °C, and an average humidity of 80.82%.

The gardens are the first place that Cinchona trees were grown in Indonesia for quinine production in 1854. The trees was originally brought to Java by Justus Carl Hasskarl from South America and was successfully experimented in the garden.^[3] Plants which are exotic to Indonesia, such as Eucalyptus from Australia, Conifers from Europe, and others are cultivated in the area.^[4]

Collection

There are approximately 10,792 living specimens in the garden, including 320 orchids, 289 cacti, 22 succulent plants, 216 algae, 103 ferns, and 1162 garden plant species that live within the proximity of the botanic garden. Only 114 of the plant species present in the garden are native to West Java. Its herbarium contains approximately 4,852 preserved specimens of plants.^[5]

The collections are divided into outdoor and indoor sections. The indoor section houses plants within glasshouses, including cacti and orchids. The outdoor section is divided into a sakura garden, algae garden, rhododendron garden, fern garden, and medicine garden.^[6]

In April 2014, the botanic garden opened a new section, the House of Nepenthes ({{lang|id|Rumah Kantung Semar}}), containing 55 species and 47 hybrid species of nepenthes.^[7]

Cibodas Bryophyte Park

The Cibodas bryophyte park, or Taman Lumut Cibodas, is part of the Cibodas Botanical Garden and is located between Mount Gede and Mount Gede Pangrango National Park.^[8] It was built in 2004 and opened to the public officially on April 11, 2006, on the occasion of the 154th anniversary of the Cibodas Botanical Gardens. The 1,500 m2 garden was designed to resemble the natural habitat of mosses. Natural shade is also provided by the shade of native Indonesian plants that grow around it to give the desired humid conditions.^[9]

Gallery

See also

References

1. ^Farah Fitriani, 'See the World in Cibodas Botanical Garden' on the Good news from Indonesia website, posted 11 January 2011.
2. ^¹Sejarah Cibodas, krcibodas.lipi.go.id
3. ^{{cite book |author1=Audrey Kahin |author2=R. B. Cribb |authorlink= |title=Historical Dictionary of Indonesia |url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=SawyrExg75cC&pg=PA80&lpg=PA80&dq=justus+carl+haskarl+java&source=bl&ots=44bgsuPABi&sig=-zuiOOKaDyd08U54GobOpGgvlqA&hl=en&sa=X&ei=fQPuVLrWGoTk8AWxsIKwBw&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=justus%20carl%20haskarl%20java&f=false |accessdate=February 26, 2015 |volume= |year=2004 |publisher=Scarecrow Press |location= |isbn= 9780810849358 |page=80 }}
4. ^http://www.jtrolis.ub.ac.id/index.php/jtrolis/article/viewFile/100/122
5. ^Kebun Raya Cibodas, disparbud.jabarprov.go.id
6. ^Kebun Raya Cibodas Wahana Wisata dan Penelitian , Koran Jakarta, 14 February 2015.
7. ^http://pesonawisata.co/?p=2930
8. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.bgci.org/worldwide/news/0208/ |title=World's Biggest Moss Garden Opens|accessdate = 19 November 2016| author=}}
9. ^{{cite web |url=https://krcibodas.lipi.go.id/lumut.php |title=Taman Lumut|accessdate = 19 November 2016}}