| 词条 | Cimarron Fuel Fabrication Site |
| 释义 |
The Cimarron Fuel Fabrication Site was a nuclear fuel production facility located by the Cimarron River near Cimarron City, Oklahoma. It was operated by Kerr-McGee Corporation (KMC) from 1965 to 1975.[1][2][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] HistorySome of the byproducts and waste from Kerr-McGee's Uranium and Thorium processing at its Cushing, Oklahoma refinery were transported to Cimarron in the 1960s.[3] The Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) issued Radioactive Materials License SNM-928 in 1965 to Kerr-McGeeCorporation (KMC) for the uranium fuel fabrication facilities at the Cimarron site. Later, the AEC issued Radioactive Materials License SNM-1174 in 1970 to KMC for the mixed oxide fuel fabrication (MOFF) facilities at the Cimarron site..[4] The plant made Uranium fuel[4] and MOX driver fuel pins for use in the Fast Flux Test Facility at the Hanford Site in Washington State. Along with NUMEC, between 1973 and 1975 Kerr-McGee made the fuel pins for FFTF cores 1 and 2. The pins were quality tested by the Plutonium Finishing Plant at Hanford. The MOX pins were created by the unusual co-precipitation of Plutonium Nitrate and Uranium Nitrate solution method. The plant shut down in 1976.[2] In 1983 Kerr-McGee Nuclear split into Quivira Mining Corporation and Sequoyah Fuels Corporation, although both were still owned by Kerr-McGee. Sequoyah got the Cimarron plant.[1] Sequoyah was then sold to General Atomics in 1988,[8] but Kerr-McGee kept control of Cimarron under a subsidiary named the Cimarron Corporation. In 2005 Kerr-McGee formed a new subsidiary named Tronox, and it then gained ownership of Cimarron. Tronox was then spun off as an independent company in 2006, a few months before KMC was bought by Anadarko Petroleum. Tronox went bankrupt in 2008/2009, blaming in part the environmental debts it inherited from KMC. Tronox shareholders later sued Anadarko Petroleum (KMC's successor) for having misled investors.[4][5][6][7][9] InvestigationsIn 1975, the United States General Accounting Office published a report, Federal Investigations Into Certain Health, Safety, Quality Control and Criminal Allegations at Kerr-McGee Nuclear Corporation.[10] In the report, the Comptroller General of the United States reported on working conditions at the Kerr-McGee Nuclear Corporation; radiological contamination and death of Karen Silkwood (an employee); and Kerr-McGee's quality assurance practices. The investigating agencies were the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the Atomic Energy Commission; the Energy Research and Development Administration, and the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. These agencies studied Karen Silkwood's contamination with plutonium; the dispersion of uranium pellets on the grounds of the plant; and the unauthorized removal and possession of nuclear material from the plant. Karen SilkwoodKaren Silkwood was employed by the facility when she died in a mysterious car accident after her union activism and whistleblowing. The summary of the above mentioned report of the US General Accounting Office concluded that Karen Silkwood was contaminated with plutonium on November 5, 6 and 7, 1974. On November 5, she was contaminated by the gloves of a laboratory glovebox used for working with plutonium, however, when Kerr-McGee examined and tested the gloves, no leaks were found. On November 6, she was again found to be contaminated. And on November 7, her nose and other parts of her body was found to be contaminated with plutonium, as was her apartment and roommate. Notes1. ^1 {{cite web | url = http://www.epa.gov/superfund/health/contaminants/radiation/pdfs/kmg_nrc.pdf | title = NOTIFICATION OF THE DECOMMISSIONING OF THE KERR-MCGEE, CIMARRON SITE| author =Cook, Michael| accessdate = 2009-10-01 }} {{Coord|35|52|45|N|97|35|06|W|format=dms|display=title|type:landmark_region:US-OK}}2. ^1 2 {{cite web | title = Plutonium Finishing Plant | url = http://www.hanford.gov/rl/uploadfiles/FACT_PFP_0606.pdf | publisher = Hanford / US Govt | accessdate = 2009-01-20 | author = Lini, D.C. and L. H. Rodgers | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20060926023643/http://www.hanford.gov/rl/uploadfiles/FACT_PFP_0606.pdf | archivedate = 2006-09-26 | df = }} 3. ^1 {{cite web | url = http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/hac/pha/kerr/ker_p1.html| title = PUBLIC HEALTH ASSESSMENT KERR-MCGEE REFINERY SITE| publisher = Centers for Disease Control| accessdate = 2009-10-01 }} 4. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = https://www.nrc.gov/info-finder/decommissioning/complex/kerr-mcgee-cimarron-corporation-former-fuel-fabrication-facility.html|title = Kerr-McGee - Cimarron | accessdate = 2009-10-01 | date = April 2009 |publisher = US NRC}} 5. ^1 anadarko.com 2006 aug 10 press release 6. ^1 Kerr-McGee Completes Separation of Tronox 2006 Mar 31 7. ^1 Jan 13, 2009 The Oklahoman{{dead link|date=August 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} via COMTEX 8. ^1 {{cite web | url = http://openjurist.org/75/f3d/536/general-atomics-v-united-states-nuclear-regulatory-commission | date = 1995-10-17 | accessdate = 2009-10-02 | title = 75 F3d 536 General Atomics v. United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission | publisher = openjurist.org }} 9. ^1 {{ cite web| url = https://www.reuters.com/article/pressRelease/idUS251173+12-Aug-2009+PRN20090812| title = Shareholder Class Action Filed on Behalf of Purchasers of Tronox, Inc. by the Law Firm of Barroway Topaz Kessler Meltzer & Check, LLP| year = 2009 | accessdate = 2009-10-06 | publisher = PRNewswire / Reuters}} 10. ^{{cite web|last1=United States General Accounting Office|title=Federal Investigations Into Certain Health, Safety, Quality Control and Criminal Allegations at Kerr-McGee Nuclear Corporation|url=http://www.gao.gov/assets/120/113110.pdf|website=www.gao.gov|accessdate=4 April 2016}} 3 : Nuclear fuel infrastructure in the United States|Nuclear technology in the United States|Buildings and structures in Logan County, Oklahoma |
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