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词条 HMS Herald (H138)
释义

  1. Design and construction

  2. Operational history

  3. Decommissioning

  4. Postage stamps

  5. References

{{Other ships|HMS Herald}}{{refimprove|date=December 2009}}{{Infobox ship image
Ship image=File:HMS Herald (1974) at Portsmouth Navy Day 1980.jpgShip caption=HMS Herald
}}{{Infobox ship career		Ship country=United KingdomUnited Kingdom|naval}}Ship name=HMS Herald (H138)Ship namesake=Ship ordered=Ship awarded=Ship builder=Robb Caledon, LeithShip original cost=Ship laid down=9 November 1972Ship launched=4 October 1973Ship sponsor=Ship christened=Ship completed=22 November 1974Ship acquired=Ship commissioned= 1974Ship recommissioned=Ship decommissioned= 31 May 2001Ship in service=Ship out of service=Sold to private hydrographic company in 2001Ship renamed=Ship reclassified=Ship refit= Fitted with a strengthened and extended flight deck for Lynx helicopter, 1988Ship struck=Ship reinstated=Ship homeport=7330349}}Ship motto=Ship nickname=Ship honours=Ship captured=Ship fate=Scrapped in 2004.Ship status=Ship notes=Ship badge=
}}{{Infobox ship characteristics		Hide header=Header caption=Ship class=Ship type=Ship displacement=*2,000 tons standard
  • 2,945 tons full load
79|m|ftin|abbr=on}}15.4|m|ftin|abbr=on}}4.9|m|ftin|abbr=on}}Ship propulsion=*Diesel-electric drive
  • 3 × Paxman 12 YJCZ diesels producing 2,434 hp
  • 1 electric motor producing 2,000 shp, driving a single shaft
  • Bow thruster
11|kn|km/h|abbr=on}} cruise
  • {{Convert|14|kn|km/h|abbr=on}} maximum
12000|nmi|km|abbr=on}} at {{Convert|11|kn|km/h|abbr=on}}Ship endurance=35|ft|m|abbr=on}} surveying motor boatsShip capacity=Ship complement=12 officers and 116 menShip sensors=*Kelvin Hughes Type 1006 radar
  • Hydroplot Satellite navigation system
  • computerised data logging
  • gravimeter
  • magnetometers
  • sonars
  • echo-sounders
Ship EW=Ship armament= NoneShip armour=Ship aircraft=Ship aircraft facilities=Helideck for 1 × Westland Lynx HAS 2/3Ship notes=
}}{{Infobox service record		is_ship=yeslabel=partof=codes=commanders=operations=*Falklands War
  • Gulf War
victories=awards=
}}

HMS Herald was a Hecla-class ocean survey ship that served with the Royal Navy during both the Falklands War and Gulf War.

Design and construction

The Hecla-class were designed as combined hydrographic and oceanographic survey ships, built to merchant ship standards and of similar design to {{ship|RRS|Discovery|1962|6}}. Herald was the fourth ship of the class and was built to an improved design to the three earlier Heclas.[1] She was laid down at the Scottish shipbuilder Robb Caledon's Leith shipyard on 9 November 1971, was launched on 4 October 1973 and completed on 31 October 1974. She had the Pennant number A138.[2]

Herald was {{convert|79.3|m|ftin|disp=flip}} long, with a beam of {{convert|15.0|m|ftin|disp=flip}} and a draught of {{convert|4.7|m|ftin|disp=flip}}. Displacement was {{convert|2000|LT|t}} standard and {{convert|2945|LT|t}} full load.[1] She had diesel-electric propulsion, with three Paxman Ventura 12-cylinder diesel engines rated at {{convert|1280|bhp|kW}} powering two electric motors, rated at a total of {{convert|2000|hp|kW}} and driving one propeller shaft, giving a speed of {{convert|14|kn|mph km/h}}. She had a range of {{convert| 12000|nmi|mi km}} at a speed of {{convert|11|kn|mph km/h}}.[3] The ship had a complement of 128 officers and other ranks.[1]

Operational history

In January 1979, Herald, along with sister ship {{HMS|Hydra|A144|2}} and the smaller survey ships {{HMS|Fawn|A325|2}} and {{HMS|Fox|A320|2}}, was carrying out survey operations off the coast of Iran when she was diverted to pick up about 60 British and American dependents from the port of Bandar Abbas in the wake of the Iranian Revolution.[4]

During the Falklands War, Herald served as a Red Cross ship, ferrying casualties from San Carlos to Montevideo.[5] During 1983 she served as a South Atlantic Guardship.[8]

Following the Iraqi Invasion of Kuwait in August 1990, Herald was deployed to the Eastern Mediterranean as a support ship for the minehunters of the 3rd Mine Countermeasures Squadron.[6] She continued to support the squadron after it moved to the Gulf, and was still on station when the Gulf War air campaign began in January 1991, but was relieved by sister ship {{HMS|Hecla|A133|2}}.[7][8]

In 1998 she located the wreck of HMS Russell, off Malta.[9] The ship's pennant number changed to H 138 in 1998.[9][10]

In December 2000, Herald answered a Mayday call and took part in a joint operation with the Royal Air Force to rescue the crew of the Cypriot ferry Royal Prince. The 35-metre ship sank in rough seas, but the crew were rescued by a RAF helicopter from RAF Akrotiri and landed on HMS Herald.

Decommissioning

Herald was paid off on 12 April 2001 and decommissioned on 31 May 2001, having been replaced by the two new survey vessels of the Echo class, {{HMS|Echo|H87|6}} and {{HMS|Enterprise|H88|6}}.

After decommissioning, Herald joined her sister {{HMS|Hecla|A133|6}} in Waterford after a brief re-fit in Cork dockyard. She was renamed Somerville after Admiral James Somerville and was used for a hydrographic survey in Irish waters. The ship was sold in 2004 to Indian breakers and beached on 18 June of that year.

Postage stamps

Herald appears on two stamps with Prince Andrew, Duke of York, issued by Saint Helena.[9]

References

1. ^1 2 {{harvnb|Moore|1979|p=616}}
2. ^{{harvnb|Couhat|Baker|1986|p=204}}
3. ^{{Harvnb|Couhat|Baker|1986|pp=204–205}}
4. ^{{cite news|title=Herald and Fawn in Iran Missions|newspaper=Navy News|date=February 1979|page=2|url=https://issuu.com/navynews/docs/197902|accessdate=4 October 2018}}
5. ^{{cite web|url=https://issuu.com/navynews/docs/198208|title=Red Crosses|newspaper=Navy News|page=1|date=July 1982}}
6. ^{{cite news|title=Gulf build-up gets moving|newspaper=Navy News |date=September 1990|page=1|url=https://issuu.com/navynews/docs/199009|accessdate=20 January 2019}}
7. ^{{cite news|title=Ships shape up| newspaper=Navy News|date=February 1991|page=40 |url=https://issuu.com/navynews/docs/199102 |accessdate=20 January 2019}}
8. ^{{cite news|title=Scourge of the Skua! |newspaper=Navy News |page=20–21 |date=March 1991 |url=https://issuu.com/navynews/docs/199103 |accessdate = 20 January 2019}}
9. ^1 2 3 {{cite web |title=HERALD HMS (A 138) hydrographic survey vessel |url=https://shipstamps.co.uk/forum/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=10577&start=0 |website=shipstamps.co.uk |accessdate=3 September 2018}}
10. ^{{cite web |title=HMS Herald H138 - IMO 7330349 |url=http://www.shipspotting.com/gallery/photo.php?lid=604273 |website=shipspotting.com |accessdate=3 September 2018}}
  • {{cite book|editor1-last=Couhat|editor1-first=Jean Laybayle|editor2-last=Baker|editor2-first=A. D.|title=Combat Fleets of the World 1986/87: Their Ships, Aircraft and Armament|year=1986 |publisher=Naval Institute Press |location=Annapolis, Maryland|isbn=0-85368-860-5|ref=harv}}
  • {{cite book|editor-last=Moore|editor-first=John|title=Jane's Fighting Ships 1979–80|year=1979|publisher=Jane's Yearbooks|location=London|isbn=0-354-00587-1|ref=harv}}
{{Hecla class survey ship}}{{Falklands War British ships}}{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2011}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Herald (H138)}}

7 : Hecla-class survey vessels|Ships built in Leith|Falklands War naval ships of the United Kingdom|Gulf War ships of the United Kingdom|Hospital ships of the Royal Navy|Hospital ships during the Falklands War|1974 ships
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