| 释义 |
- Description
- Species
- References
- External links
{{Automatic taxobox
| fossil_range =
| image = Clavatula muricata 004.jpg
| image_caption = Apertural view of a shell of Clavatula muricata
| taxon = Clavatula
| authority = Lamarck, 1801
| type_species= Clavatula coronata
| type_species_authority = Lamarck, 1801
| synonyms_ref =
| synonyms = Pleurotoma (Clavatula)
| display_parents = 3
}}Clavatula is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Clavatulidae.[1][2]DescriptionIn this genus, the shell is fusiform, with a well-produced spire. The whorls are coronated with tubercles or short spines at the suture;. The aperture is oval. The columellar lip is smooth, arcuate, and callous behind. The outer lip is thin and arcuated, with the anal sinus situated below the sutural coronal. The operculum is semioval with its nucleus about the middle, on the inner side. The foot is large, short and obtuse behind. The eyes are placed externally near the extremity of the tentacles. The radula contains a small unicuspid central tooth with single sharp laterals (formula :1-1-1). The species mostly inhabits the west coast of Africa.[3] SpeciesSpecies within the genus Clavatula include: {{div col|colwidth=20em}}- Clavatula ahuiri Cossignani & Ardovini, 2014
- † Clavatula aralica (Luković, 1924) (an extinct species from the Eocene in western Kazakhstan (Tshegan Formation) ) [4]
- Clavatula asamusiensis Nomura & Zinbo, 1940[5]
- † Clavatula asperulata (Lamarck, 1822) [6]
- Clavatula bimarginata (Lamarck, 1822)[7]
- Clavatula boreointerrupta Kautsky, 1925 [8]
- Clavatula caerulea (Weinkauff & Kobelt, 1875)[9]
- † Clavatula carinifera Grateloup, 1832 [10]
- Clavatula christianae Nolf, 2011
- Clavatula colini Von Maltzan, 1883[11]
- † Clavatula concatenata (Grateloup, 1832) [12]
- Clavatula congoensis Nolf & Verstraeten, 2008[13]
- Clavatula coronata Lamarck, 1801[14]
- Clavatula cossignanii Ardovini, 2004[15]
- Clavatula debilis (R.B. Hinds, 1843)
- Clavatula decorata Sowerby III, 1916[16]
- Clavatula delphinae Nolf, 2008[17]
- Clavatula diadema (Kiener, 1840)[18]
- Clavatula filograna Odhner, 1923[19]
- Clavatula flammulata Knudsen, 1952[20]
- Clavatula gabonensis Melvill, 1923[21]
- † Clavatula glaberrima praecedens (Peyrot,1931) [22]
- Clavatula gracilior Sowerby II, 1870[23]
- Clavatula hattenbergeri Nolf & Verstraeten, 2008[24]
- Clavatula helena Bartsch, 1915[25]
- Clavatula imperialis Lamarck, 1816[26]
- Clavatula knudseni Nolf & Verstraeten, 2007[27]
- Clavatula kraepelini (Strebel, 1914)[28]
- Clavatula lelieuri (Récluz, 1851)[29]
- Clavatula luctuosa (Hinds, 1843) [30]
- Clavatula martensi Von Maltzan, 1883[31]
- Clavatula matthiasi Nolf, 2008[32]
- Clavatula milleti (Petit de la Saussaye, 1851)[33]
- Clavatula muricata (Lamarck, 1822)[34]
- Clavatula mystica (Reeve, 1843)[35]
- Clavatula nathaliae Nolf, 2006[36]
- Clavatula perronii (Reeve, 1843)[37]
- Clavatula petzyae Boyer & Ryall, 2006[38]
- Clavatula pseudomystica Nolf, 2008[39]
- Clavatula quinteni Nolf & Verstraeten, 2006[40]
- Clavatula regia (Röding, 1798)
- † Clavatula reginae Hoernes & Auinger, 1891
- Clavatula rubrifasciata (Reeve, 1845)[41]
- Clavatula sacerdos (Reeve, 1845)[42]
- Clavatula smithi Knudsen, 1952[43]
- Clavatula solangeae Bozzetti, 2006[44]
- Clavatula strebeli Knudsen, 1952[45]
- Clavatula taxea (Röding, 1798)[46]
- Clavatula tripartita (Weinkauff & Kobelt, 1876)[47]
- Clavatula virgineus (Dillwyn, 1817)[48]
- Clavatula xanteni Nolf & Verstraeten, 2006[49]
{{div col end}}- Species brought into synonymy
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}- Clavatula albicans Hinds, 1843: synonym of Splendrillia albicans (Hinds, 1843)
- Clavatula amabilis Hinds, 1843: synonym of Tritonoturris amabilis (Hinds, 1843)
- Clavatula argillacea Hinds, 1843: synonym of Etrema argillacea (Hinds, 1843)
- Clavatula auriculifera Lamarck, J.B.P.A. de M. 1816: synonym of Clavus canalicularis (Röding, 1798)
- Clavatula bella Hinds, 1843: synonym of Bellacythara bella (Hinds, 1843)
- Clavatula candida Hinds, 1843: synonym of Glyphostoma candida (Hinds, 1843)
- Clavatula candida (Philippi, 1848): synonym of Pusionella valida (Dunker, 1852)
- Clavatula coelata Hinds, 1843: synonym of Crassispira coelata (Hinds, 1843)
- Clavatula crenularis Lamarck, 1816: synonym of Ptychobela nodulosa (Gmelin, 1791)
- Clavatula echinata Lamarck, 1816: synonym of Clavus flammulatus Montfort, 1810
- Clavatula ericea Hinds, 1843: synonym of Lioglyphostoma ericea (Hinds, 1843)
- Clavatula fimbriata Hinds, 1843: synonym of Daphnellopsis fimbriata (Hinds, 1843)
- Clavatula flammea Hinds, 1843: synonym of Daphnella flammea (Hinds, 1843)
- Clavatula flavidula (Lamarck, 1822): synonym of Clathrodrillia flavidula (Lamarck, 1822)
- Clavatula fulva Hinds, 1843: synonym of Clavus fulva (Hinds, 1843)
- Clavatula gravis (Hinds, 1843): synonym of Makiyamaia gravis (Hinds, 1843)
- Clavatula griffithii Gray, 1834: synonym of Ptychobela griffithii (Gray, 1834)
- Clavatula haliplex Bartsch, 1915: synonym of Toxiclionella haliplex (Bartsch, 1915)
- Clavatula halistrepta Bartsch, 1915: synonym of Clionella halistrepta (Bartsch, 1915)
- Clavatula hottentota (E. A. Smith, 1882): synonym of Clavus hottentotus (E. A. Smith, 1882)
- Clavatula impressa Hinds, 1843: synonym of Kylix impressa (Hinds, 1843)
- Clavatula kraussii (E. A. Smith, 1877): synonym of Clionella kraussii (E. A. Smith, 1877)
- Clavatula laeta Hinds, 1843: synonym of Splendrillia laeta (Hinds, 1843)
- Clavatula lineata Lamarck, 1816: synonym of Perrona lineata (Lamarck, 1816)
- Clavatula lobatopsis Barnard, 1963: synonym of Clionella lobatopsis (Barnard, 1963)
- Clavatula marmarina (Watson, 1881):[50] synonym of Fenimorea marmarina (Watson, 1881)
- Clavatula merita Hinds, 1843: synonym of Tenaturris merita (Hinds, 1843)
- Clavatula metula Hinds, 1843: synonym of Anarithma metula (Hinds, 1843)
- Clavatula micans Hinds, 1843: synonym of Globidrillia micans (Hinds, 1843)
- Clavatula neglecta Hinds, 1843: synonym of Glyphostoma neglecta (Hinds, 1843)
- Clavatula nitens Hinds, 1843: synonym of Agladrillia nitens (Hinds, 1843)
- Clavatula obesa Reeve:[51] synonym of Perrona obesa (Reeve, 1842)
- Clavatula occata Hinds, 1843: synonym of Diptychophlia occata (Hinds, 1843)
- Clavatula pardalis Hinds, 1843: synonym of Anachis pardalis (Hinds, 1843)
- Clavatula parilis E. A. Smith, 1902: synonym of Clavatula tripartita (Weinkauff, 1876)
- Clavatula pfefferi (Strebel, 1912): synonym of Fusiturris pfefferi (Strebel, 1912)
- Clavatula plumbea Hinds, 1843: synonym of Kurtziella plumbea (Hinds, 1843)
- Clavatula pudica Hinds, 1843: synonym of Agladrillia pudica (Hinds, 1843)
- Clavatula pungens Gould, 1860: synonym of Veprecula pungens (Gould, 1860)
- Clavatula pyramis Hinds, 1843: synonym of Pseudorhaphitoma pyramis (Hinds, 1843)
- Clavatula quisqualis Hinds, 1843: synonym of Leptadrillia quisqualis (Hinds, 1843)
- Clavatula rava Hinds, 1843: synonym of Clathurella rava (Hinds, 1843)
- Clavatula rigida Hinds, 1843: synonym of Clathurella rigida (Hinds, 1843)
- Clavatula robusta Hinds, 1843: synonym of Cheungbeia robusta (Hinds, 1843)
- Clavatula rubida Hinds, 1843: synonym of Lienardia rubida (Hinds, 1843)
- Clavatula rubiginosa Hinds, 1843: synonym of Otitoma rubiginosa (Hinds, 1843)
- Clavatula rubrofasciata Reeve: synonym of Clavatula rubrifasciata (Reeve, 1845)
- Clavatula scalaris Hinds, 1843: synonym of Tritonoturris scalaris (Hinds, 1843)
- Clavatula sculpta Hinds, 1843: synonym of Rimosodaphnella sculpta (Hinds, 1843)
- Clavatula semicostata (Kiener, 1840): synonym of Clionella semicostata (Kiener, 1840)
- Clavatula sinensis Hinds, 1843: synonym of Crassispira sinensis (Hinds, 1843)
- Clavatula sinuata (Born, 1778): synonym of Clionella sinuata (Born, 1778)
- Clavatula spicata Hinds, 1843: synonym of Inquisitor spicata (Hinds, 1843)
- Clavatula spirata Lamarck:[52] synonym of Perrona spirata (Lamarck, 1816)
- Clavatula spurca Hinds, 1843: synonym of Etrema spurca (Hinds, 1843)
- Clavatula striata Gray, 1826: synonym of Epideira striata (Gray, 1826)
- Clavatula subspirata (von Martens, 1902):[53] synonym of Perrona subspirata (von Martens, 1902)
- Clavatula subventricosa (E. A. Smith, 1877): synonym of Clionella subventricosa (E. A. Smith, 1877)
- Clavatula tessellata Hinds, 1843: synonym of Kermia tessellata (Hinds, 1843)
- Clavatula tumida Sowerby II, 1870: synonym of Toxiclionella tumida (Sowerby II, 1870)
- Clavatula turriplana (G.B. Sowerby III, 1903): synonym of Turricula turriplana (Sowerby III, 1903)
{{div col end}}References1. ^{{WRMS species|204726|Clavatula Lamarck, 1801||6 April 2011}}
2. ^{{cite journal |author1=P. Bouchet |author2=Yu. I. Kantor |author3=A. Sysoev |author4=N. Puillandre |year=2011 |title=A new operational classification of the Conoidea (Gastropoda) |journal=Journal of Molluscan Studies |volume=77 |issue=3 |pages=273–308 |doi=10.1093/mollus/eyr017}}
3. ^George Washington Tryon, Manual of Conchology vol. VI p. 157; 1884
4. ^Luković, M.T. (1924) Eocenska fauna molusaka iz oblasti izmedju aralskog i čalkarskoga jezera i njen značaj. Spomenik Srpske Kraljevske Akademije, 63, 1–74, 3 pls
5. ^{{WRMS species|433246|Clavatula asamusiensis Nomura & Zinbo, 1940||15 April 2010}}
6. ^Fossilshells: Clavatula asperulata
7. ^{{WRMS species|224384|Clavatula bimarginata (Lamarck, 1822)||15 April 2010}}
8. ^Fossilshells: Clavatula boreointerrupta
9. ^{{WRMS species|433247|Clavatula caerulea (Weinkauff & Kobelt, 1875)||15 April 2010}}
10. ^Fossilshells: Clavatula carinifera
11. ^{{WRMS species|433249|Clavatula colini Von Maltzan, 1883||15 April 2010}}
12. ^Fossilshells: Clavatula concatenata
13. ^{{WRMS species|433250|Clavatula congoensis Nolf & Verstraeten, 2008||15 April 2010}}
14. ^{{WRMS species|433251|Clavatula coronata Lamarck, 1801||15 April 2010}}
15. ^{{WRMS species|388588|Clavatula cossignanii Ardovini, 2004||15 April 2010}}
16. ^{{WRMS species|433252|Clavatula decorata Sowerby III, 1916||15 April 2010}}
17. ^{{WRMS species|433253|Clavatula delphinae Nolf, 2008||15 April 2010}}
18. ^{{WRMS species|225503|Clavatula diadema (Kiener, 1840)||15 April 2010}}
19. ^{{WRMS species|433254|Clavatula filograna Odhner, 1923||15 April 2010}}
20. ^{{WRMS species|225505|Clavatula flammulata Knudsen, 1952||15 April 2010}}
21. ^{{WRMS species|433255|Clavatula gabonensis Melvill, 1923||15 April 2010}}
22. ^Fossilshells: Clavatula glaberrima praecedens
23. ^{{WRMS species|433256|Clavatula gracilior Sowerby II, 1870||15 April 2010}}
24. ^{{WRMS species|433257|Clavatula hattenbergeri Nolf & Verstraeten, 2008||15 April 2010}}
25. ^{{WRMS species|215594|Clavatula helena Bartsch, 1915||15 April 2010}}
26. ^{{WRMS species|224445|Clavatula imperialis Lamarck||15 April 2010}}
27. ^{{WRMS species|433258|Clavatula knudseni Nolf & Verstraeten, 2007||15 April 2010}}
28. ^{{WRMS species|225508|Clavatula kraepelini (Strebel, 1914)||15 April 2010}}
29. ^{{WRMS species|225510|Clavatula lelieuri (Récluz, 1851)||15 April 2010}}
30. ^* W.H. Dall (1909), Report on the collection of shells from Peru ;Proceedings of the United States National Museum, Vol. 37, pages 147-294, with Plates 20—28
31. ^{{WRMS species|433260|Clavatula martensi Von Maltzan, 1883||15 April 2010}}
32. ^{{WRMS species|433261|Clavatula matthiasi Nolf, 2008||15 April 2010}}
33. ^{{WRMS species|433262|Clavatula milleti (Petit de la Saussaye, 1851)||15 April 2010}}
34. ^{{WRMS species|225513|Clavatula muricata (Lamarck, 1822)||15 April 2010}}
35. ^{{WRMS species|345762|Clavatula mystica (Reeve, 1843)||15 April 2010}}
36. ^{{WRMS species|390482|Clavatula nathaliae Nolf, 2006||15 April 2010}}
37. ^{{WRMS species|433263|Clavatula perronii (Reeve, 1843)||15 April 2010}}
38. ^{{WRMS species|390427|Clavatula petzyae Boyer & Ryall, 2006||15 April 2010}}
39. ^{{WRMS species|433264|Clavatula pseudomystica Nolf, 2008||15 April 2010}}
40. ^{{WRMS species|390483|Clavatula quinteni Nolf & Verstraeten, 2006||15 April 2010}}
41. ^{{WRMS species|433265|Clavatula rubrifasciata (Reeve, 1845)||15 April 2010}}
42. ^{{WRMS species|433266|Clavatula sacerdos (Reeve, 1845)||15 April 2010}}
43. ^{{WRMS species|433267|Clavatula smithi Knudsen, 1952||15 April 2010}}
44. ^{{WRMS species|390484|Clavatula solangeae Bozzetti, 2006||15 April 2010}}
45. ^{{WRMS species|225507|Clavatula strebeli Knudsen, 1952||15 April 2010}}
46. ^{{WRMS species|215593|Clavatula taxea (Röding, 1798)||15 April 2010}}
47. ^{{WRMS species|215592|Clavatula tripartita (Weinkauff & Kobelt, 1876)||15 April 2010}}
48. ^{{WRMS species|433268|Clavatula virgineus (Dillwyn, 1817)||15 April 2010}}
49. ^{{WRMS species|390485|Clavatula xanteni Nolf & Verstraeten, 2006||15 April 2010}}
50. ^{{WRMS species|433259|Clavatula marmarina (Watson, 1881)||15 April 2010}}
51. ^{{WRMS species|225090|Clavatula obesa Reeve||15 April 2010}}
52. ^{{WRMS species|224447|Clavatula spirata Lamarck||15 April 2010}}
53. ^{{WRMS species|432627|Clavatula subspirata (Martens, 1902)||15 April 2010}}
External links{{Commons category|Clavatula}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q3722726}} 1 : Clavatula |