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词条 Clean Water Action
释义

  1. History

  2. Political advocacy

  3. See also

  4. References

  5. Further reading

{{Infobox organization
| name = Clean Water Action
| logo = Logo-cw-text.png
| logo_size = 250px
| type =
| founded_date = 1972
| founder =
| location = Washington, D.C.
| local communities =
| leader_title = President & CEO
| leader_name= Robert Wendelgass
| area_served = United States
| focus =
| method =
| revenue = $8,240,346 (2015)[1]
| endowment =
| num_volunteers =
| num_employees =
| num_members =
| Non-profit_slogan =
| homepage = {{URL|cleanwateraction.org}}
}}

Clean Water Action is an American environmental advocacy group.[2] Created in 1972, the group focuses on canvassing and gaining support for political issues and candidates. It is a 501(c)(4) organization.

History

The group was formed in 1972 by David Zwick as a grassroots and lobbying organization whose goal was to enact platforms delineated in Zwick's publication Water Wasteland. To reach this goal, Zwick outlined a grassroots strategy of door-to-door canvassing and public education.[3] One of its first accomplishments occurred in 1986 when the group, along with the National Campaign Against Toxic Hazards, published a report claiming the Environmental Protection Agency was failing to properly enforce the federal Superfund toxic waste cleanup program.[4]

Political advocacy

Clean Water Action has endorsed both political actors and causes. In 2012, the group supported the re-election of Democratic President Barack Obama.[5] In 2008, Clean Water Action and Earth Justice brought a lawsuit against the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection for not complying with state and federal water protection laws by allowing partially treated fracking wastewater to be discharged into the Monongahela River. The court ruled in favor of the plaintiff.[6][7]

Clean Water Action has also been involved in campaigns to reduce plastic's environmental impact through their support of California's Assembly Bill 888, which proposed to ban the use of plastic microbeads in rinse-off personal care products.[8][9] Similar federal legislation was enacted with the passing of the Microbead–Free Waters Act of 2015. The group also supported Minneapolis's ordinance restricting the use of single-use plastic bags.[10][11]

See also

  • Clean Water Act
  • Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative
  • Safe Drinking Water Act
  • Superfund

References

1. ^{{cite web|title=Internal Revenue Service Form 990|url=http://www.cleanwateraction.org/sites/default/files/CWA%202015%20990.pdf|website=Clean Water Action|publisher=Internal Revenue Service|accessdate=1 September 2016}}
2. ^{{cite news|last1=Phillips|first1=Ari|title=This Leading Candidate For Texas Governor Really Doesn’t Like Clean Water|url=http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2014/08/13/3470385/texas-abbott-sue-epa-water/|accessdate=12 March 2015|publisher=Think Progress|date=August 13, 2014}}
3. ^{{cite web|title=About Us|url=http://www.cleanwateraction.org/about/|publisher=Clean Water Action|accessdate=12 March 2015}}
4. ^{{cite news|title=Superfund Cleanups Termed Lax|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/11/24/science/superfund-cleanups-termed-lax.html|accessdate=12 March 2015|newspaper=The New York Times|date=November 24, 1987}}
5. ^{{cite news|last1=Samuelsohn|first1=Darren|last2=Goode|first2=Darren|title=Big green groups to back Obama|url=http://www.politico.com/story/2012/04/big-green-groups-to-back-obama-075274|accessdate=18 September 2015|publisher=Politico|date=April 17, 2012}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.ecowatch.com/victory-in-fracking-wastewater-fight-in-pa-1881784375.html|title=Victory in Fracking Wastewater Fight in PA|date=7 August 2013|website=Ecowatch.com}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=https://earthjustice.org/sites/default/files/files/Fracking_Wastewater_Settlement.pdf|title=NOTICE OF WITHDRAWAL, WITH PREJUDICE, OF AMENDED NOTICE OF APPEAL|website=Earthjustice.org|accessdate=8 January 2019}}
8. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.ecowatch.com/tag/microbeads|title=EcoWatch|website=EcoWatch}}
9. ^{{cite web|url=https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160AB888|title=Bill Text - AB-888 Waste management: plastic microbeads.|website=Leginfo.legislature.ca.gov}}
10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.startribune.com/in-praise-of-minneapolis-plastic-bag-ban/373593751/|title=In praise of Minneapolis' proposed plastic-bag ban|website=Startribune.com}}
11. ^{{cite web|url=https://library.municode.com/mn/minneapolis/codes/code_of_ordinances?nodeId=COOR_TIT11HESA_CH225GARE_ARTVIREBUHATWMODWUN_225.780SECOREMA|title=Municode Library|website=Library.municode.com}}

Further reading

  • {{cite book|last1=Zwick|first1=David|last2=Benstock|first2=Marcy|last3=Nader|first3=Ralph|title=Water Wasteland: Nader Task Force Report on Water Pollution|date=1971|publisher=Center for Study of Responsive Law|url=http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5753934|language=English}}

2 : Environmental organizations based in the United States|Water organizations in the United States

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