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词条 Clutha (New Zealand electorate)
释义

  1. Population centres

  2. History

     Members of Parliament 

  3. Election results

     1931 election  1928 election  1925 election  1899 election  1893 election 

  4. Notes

  5. References

{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2015}}{{Use New Zealand English|date=April 2015}}

Clutha was a New Zealand parliamentary electorate from 1866 to 1996.

Population centres

In the 1865 electoral redistribution, the House of Representatives focussed its review of electorates to South Island electorates only, as the Central Otago Gold Rush had caused significant population growth, and a redistribution of the existing population. Fifteen additional South Island electorates were created, including Clutha, and the number of Members of Parliament was increased by 13 to 70.{{sfn|McRobie|1989|p=36}}

This electorate covered South Otago and contained the settlements of Balclutha, Kaitangata, and Owaka.{{sfn|McRobie|1989|p=37}}

History

The electorate was established in 1865 for the {{NZ election link|1866}}.{{sfn|Wilson|1985|p=261}} The first representative was James Macandrew, who had served on all previous parliaments.{{sfn|Wilson|1985|p=213}} At the {{NZ election link|1871}}, Macandrew successfully stood in the {{NZ electorate link|Port Chalmers}},{{sfn|Wilson|1985|p=213}} and Clutha was won by James Thomson.{{sfn|Wilson|1985|p=240}} In the {{NZ election link|1887}}, Thomson was defeated by Thomas Mackenzie.{{sfn|Wilson|1985|pp=216, 240}} Mackenzie retired from Parliament at the end of the third term for Clutha in 1996.{{sfn|Wilson|1985|p=216}}

The {{NZ election link|1896}} was won by James Thomson, who thus started his second period of service. Thomson retired after three terms in 1905, and this was also the end of his political career.{{sfn|Wilson|1985|p=240}}

  • Alexander Malcolm 1905–22
  • John Edie 1922–25
  • Fred Waite 1925–31
  • Peter McSkimming 1931–35

In the 1996 election, the first MMP election, the electorate was combined with the adjacent Wallace electorate into the Clutha-Southland electorate.

Members of Parliament

The electorate was represented by ten Members of Parliament:{{sfn|Wilson|1985|p=261}}

Key{{Party index link|Independent politician}} {{Party index link|New Zealand Liberal Party}} {{Party index link|Conservative (New Zealand)}} {{Party index link|Reform Party (New Zealand)}} {{Party index link|New Zealand National Party}}
ElectionWinner
1866}}Independent politician|5}} James Macandrew
1871}}Independent politician}}James Thomson
1876 election
1879}}
1881}}
1884}}
1887}}Independent politician}}Thomas Mackenzie
1890}}New Zealand Liberal Party}}
1893}}
1896}}Conservative (New Zealand)}}James Thomson
1899}}
1902}}
1905}}Conservative (New Zealand)}}Alexander Malcolm
{{NZ election link|1908}}
Reform Party (New Zealand)}}
1911}}
1914}}
1919}}
1922}}New Zealand Liberal Party}} John Edie
1925}}Fred Waite
1928}}
1931}}Independent politician}} Peter McSkimming
{{NZ election link|1935}}Independent politician}}James Roy[1]
New Zealand National Party}}
1938}}New Zealand National Party}}
1943}}
1946}}
1949}}
1951}}
1954}}
1958 election[2][3]
1960}}New Zealand National Party}}Peter Gordon
1963}}
1966}}
1969}}
1972}}
1975}}
1978}}New Zealand National Party}}Robin Gray
1981}}
1984}}
1987}}
1990}}
1993}}
(Electorate abolished in 1996; see {{NZ electorate link|Clutha-Southland}})
1. ^James Roy was elected as an Independent supporting the United/Reform Coalition in 1935, and in 1936 he joined the National Party.
2. ^Vote was postponed to 18 January 1958 as the original Labour candidate, R S Waters, died on 29 November 1957, one day before the election.
3. ^{{Cite book|title=New Zealand Parliamentary Election Results 1946-1987|author=Clifford Norton|publisher=Victoria University of Wellington, Dept. of Political Science|page=209}}
4. ^{{cite news |title=Elections Recounts |url= http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=EP19311212.2.81 |accessdate=29 January 2014 |work=The Evening Post |date=12 December 1931 |volume=CXII |issue=142 |page=10}}
5. ^{{cite book |title=The General Election, 1928 |year=1929 |publisher=Government Printer |url= http://atojs.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/atojs?a=d&cl=search&d=AJHR1929-I.2.3.2.37 |accessdate=4 December 2013}}
6. ^{{cite news |title=Labour's Candidates |url= http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=MW19221122.2.11 |accessdate=26 January 2014 |work=Maoriland Worker |date=22 November 1922 |volume=12 |issue=299 |page=12}}
7. ^{{cite news |title=Reform Triumph |url= http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=NA19251105.2.46 |accessdate=25 November 2013 |work=The Northern Advocate |date=5 November 1925 |page=6}}
8. ^{{cite web |url= http://atojs.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/atojs?a=d&cl=search&d=AJHR1900-I.2.3.2.54 |title=The General Election, 1899 |date=19 June 1900 |publisher= Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives |page=3 |accessdate=1 November 2012 |location=Wellington}}
9. ^{{cite news |title=Clutha Electoral District |url= http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=ME18991202.2.13.1 |accessdate=11 February 2014 |work=Mataura Ensign |date=2 December 1899 |issue=669 |page=3}}
10. ^{{cite web |title=The General Election, 1893 |year=1894 |publisher=National Library |url= http://atojs.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/atojs?a=d&cl=search&d=AJHR1894-I.2.3.2.21 |accessdate=19 November 2013 |page=3}}
11. ^{{cite news |title=The General Election |date=28 November 1893 | work=Otago Daily Times |url= http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=ODT18931128.2.55 |accessdate=28 November 2013 |page=6}}

Election results

1931 election

{{Election box begin | title=1931 general election: Clutha[4]
}}
|party = Independent politician
|candidate = Peter McSkimming (Ind. United)
|votes = 4,751
|percentage = 59.60
|change =
 }} {{Election box candidate with party link

|party = Reform Party (New Zealand)
|candidate = Fred Waite
|votes = 3,221
|percentage = 40.40
|change = -12.82
 }} {{Election box majority

|votes = 1,530
|percentage = 19.19
|change = +12.75
 }} {{Election box informal

|votes = 145
|percentage = 1.79
|change ={{Election box turnout
|votes = 8,117
|percentage = 86.68
|change = -2.82
 }} {{Election box Registered electors

|reg. electors = 9,364{{Election box end}}

1928 election

{{Election box begin | title=1928 general election: Clutha[5]
}}
|party = Reform Party (New Zealand)
|candidate = Fred Waite
|votes = 4,318
|percentage = 53.22
|change = +1.84
 }} {{Election box candidate with party link|

|party = Liberal–Labour (New Zealand)
|candidate = Joseph Stephens[6]
|votes = 3,795
|percentage = 46.78
|change =
 }} {{Election box majority|

|votes = 523
|percentage = 6.45
|change = -15.04{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 8,175
|percentage = 89.50
|change = +6.92
 }} {{Election box Registered electors

|reg. electors = 9,134{{Election box end}}

1925 election

{{Election box begin | title=1925 general election: Clutha[7]}}
|party = Reform Party (New Zealand)
|candidate = Fred Waite
|votes = 3,604
|percentage = 51.38
|change =
 }} {{Election box candidate with party link|

|party = New Zealand Liberal Party
|candidate = John Edie
|votes = 2,097
|percentage = 29.90
|change =
 }} {{Election box candidate with party link|

|party = New Zealand Labour Party
|candidate = John W Fenton
|votes = 1,313
|percentage = 18.72
|change =
 }} {{Election box majority|

|votes = 1,507
|percentage = 21.49
|change =