“Hongkong Post”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Hongkong Post ({{zh|香港郵政}}) is a government department of Hong Kong responsible for postal services, though operated as a trading fund. Founded in 1841, it was known as Postal Department or Post Office^[2] ({{zh|郵政署}}) before the handover of Hong Kong in 1997. It has been a sub-member of the Universal Postal Union since 1877, and is a separate entity from China Post.

History

Merchants traded in Hong Kong on the two sides of Victoria Harbour as early as before the British possession in 1842. They complained about the absence of proper postal services and therefore the Postal Department was established.{{citation needed|date=December 2013}}

The department was founded on 28 August 1841, but the first post office (known as 書信館 at that time), situated near the current site of St. John's Cathedral, opened on 12 November 1841. At first, its right to operation belonged to the Royal Mail, until its transfer to the Postmaster General on 1 May 1860.{{citation needed|date=December 2013}}

On 8 December 1862, the office issued the first set of Hong Kong postal stamps. Before this time, only British troops in Hong Kong could use British stamps, while other local residents did not have access to British stamps. Until the handover of Hong Kong to China in 1997, mail for British forces serving in the then-colony used the British Forces Post Office number, BFPO 1.^[3]

The office introduced automated mail sorting in 1989, and machines were installed in the General Post Office.^[4]

There is no post code system in Hong Kong, although one has been under consideration since 2000.^[5]

Since August 1995, the office has operated as a trading fund and the full title of the head of the Office became "Postmaster General and general manager of the Post Office Trading Fund" ({{zh|t=香港郵政署長兼郵政署營運基金總經理}}).{{citation needed|date=December 2013}}

Postal history

During the colonial era, Hong Kong produced postage stamps simply bearing the name Hong Kong, printed alongside the likenesses (in profile) of the reigning monarchs of the United Kingdom, or royal symbols (for example, "EIIR").

Since Hong Kong's transfer of sovereignty to China in 1997, stamps issued have borne the name "Hong Kong, China". British Hong Kong postage stamps are no longer valid for prepayment of postage and cannot be repurchased by the Post Office.

Post offices

Hongkong Post operates 128 post offices throughout Hong Kong. As of 2007, 34 post offices existed on Hong Kong Island, 42 in Kowloon, 45 in the New Territories and 8 on the Outlying Islands. Two mobile post offices provide postal services in remote areas in the New Territories.

Post boxes

Hong Kong imported post-boxes from the UK until the practice was discontinued in the 1980s. Before 1997, the post boxes were painted red, as in the United Kingdom, and were engraved with the royal cypher – for example, "EIIR" to represent Queen Elizabeth II. According to fans of Hong Kong's history, featuring the regal insignia on many of the George V and George VI post boxes in Hong Kong are unique as they are different in design from other British post boxes in the world.^[6] Since the transfer of sovereignty to China in 1997, the livery of the boxes became green, and were adorned with the new Hongkong Post logo.^[6]

As of October 2015, there are 1,148 free-standing post-boxes in Hong Kong; only 59 colonial post boxes bearing the royal insignia were still in service.^[6] in late 2014 Hongkong Post reaffirmed its policy that the remaining 59 colonial-era post boxes would only be replaced if they were seriously damaged or no longer meet the demand of its customers.^[7]

Controversy

This department of government said in March 2015 that it was considering covering up the regal insignia on these post boxes, on grounds that it was "not desirable to have postboxes that show various royal cyphers from different British reigns" and to "avoid confusion". Controversy ignited in September upon confirmation that royal cyphers would be covered up by fixing metal plates on all but seven of the historical post boxes. The decision was decried by the Conservancy Association, the Mailboxes Searching Team, and activists opposed to the push of pro-Beijing politicians to "de-colonialise" Hong Kong.^[8]^[9] According to legislator Claudia Mo of the Civic Party, senior HK Post officials she talked with affirmed that the order to obscure regal insignia on the 59 colonial post boxes came from the Commerce and Economic Development Bureau (CEDB), which Mo said pointed to a political and not administrative decision.^[9]

Services

Post

In addition to making its income from traditional postal delivery, Hongkong Post also sells philatelic products, and is used by the Government and utility companies to accept payment from customers.

Philately

Hongkong Post Stamps was a division set up in 1974, charged with promoting and popularising stamp collecting, to meet the ever-increasing demand for Hong Kong stamps by collectors. The division conducts three main areas of work:

Owing to the territory's conservative stamp-issuing policy, stamp collecting in Hong Kong is a popular hobby. Different types of attractively designed stamp products are also popular with stamp collectors around the world.

Other

Incidents

Achievements

Postage rate

The postage rates vary from one service to another and these can be found at the company's website.^[14]

Gallery

See also

References

Citations

1. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.hongkongpost.hk/en/contact_us/index.html|title=Hongkong Post – Contact Us|publisher=hongkongpost.com}}
2. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.hongkongpost.hk/en/about_us/corp_info/history/index.html|title=Hongkong Post - History|website=www.hongkongpost.hk|language=en|access-date=2017-03-12}}
3. ^[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ziwdAQAAMAAJ&dq=%22BFPO+1%22+Hong+Kong&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=%22BFPO+1%22++ The Asian Press and Media Directory], Press Foundation of Asia., 1980, page 80
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nec.co.jp/control/en/product/postal/solution_inte.html |title=Postal Automation (Hong Kong)|publisher=NEC|accessdate=23 May 2007 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070416143154/http://www.nec.co.jp/control/en/product/postal/solution_inte.html |archivedate = 16 April 2007}}
5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.info.gov.hk/gia/general/200001/12/0112212.htm|title=Postal coding system in Hong Kong |publisher=NEC|accessdate=7 September 2007}}
6. ^¹²{{cite web|url=https://www.hongkongfp.com/2015/10/05/hongkong-post-to-cover-royal-cyphers-on-59-historic-post-boxes/|title=Hongkong Post to cover royal cyphers on 59 historic post-boxes to 'avoid confusion' |work=Hong Kong Free Press}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ejinsight.com/20141021-hk-to-maintain-post-boxes-with-royal-crown/|title=Politically incorrect? HK to retain post boxes with royal crown|work=EJ Insight}}
8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ejinsight.com/20151005-hongkong-post-may-cover-up-british-insignia-on-old-mailboxes/|title=Hongkong Post may cover up British insignia on old mailboxes|work=EJ Insight}}
9. ^¹{{cite web|url=https://www.hongkongfp.com/2015/10/12/commerce-and-economic-dev-bureau-ordered-post-office-to-cover-royal-cyphers-in-march-lawmaker-says/|title=Commerce and Economic Dev. Bureau ordered Post Office to cover royal cyphers in March, lawmaker says|work=Hong Kong Free Press}}
10. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.info.gov.hk/gia/general/200506/18/06180266.htm|title=Pinhole cameras installed in Cheung Sha Wan Post Office|website=www.info.gov.hk|access-date=2018-03-06}}
11. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.scmp.com/article/720575/privacy-chiefs-spy-camera-run|title=Privacy chief's spy camera run-in|work=South China Morning Post|access-date=2018-03-06|language=en}}
12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.hongkongpost.com/eng/about/achievements/2006/02/pq/index.htm |title=Hongkong Post Wins the 2005 Hong Kong Awards for Industries – Productivity and Quality Award |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070222223427/http://www.hongkongpost.com/eng/about/achievements/2006/02/pq/index.htm |archivedate=22 February 2007 |df=dmy-all }}
13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.hongkongpost.com/eng/publications/annual/2005_2006/section6c/index.htm |title=Promoting A Strong Brand Identity |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928070545/http://www.hongkongpost.com/eng/publications/annual/2005_2006/section6c/index.htm |archivedate=28 September 2007 |df=dmy-all }}
14. ^{{cite web | last = Hongkong Post | title = Postage Rate | url = http://www.hongkongpost.com/eng/postage/index.htm | accessdate =27 August 2009 }}