| 词条 | Honkyoku | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
Honkyoku (本曲, "original pieces") are the pieces of shakuhachi music played by mendicant Japanese Zen monks called komusō. Komusō played honkyoku for enlightenment and alms as early as the 13th century. Honkyoku is part of the practice of suizen (吹禅, "blowing Zen"). The Fuke sect which originated from this practice ceased to exist in the 19th century, after which several shakuhachi guilds were formed, and the verbal and written lineage of many honkyoku continues today, though the music is now often practised in a concert or performance setting. There are many ryū 流, or schools, of honkyoku, each with their own style, emphasis, and teaching methods. "Motion in honkyoku is significantly static, precisely because of the dominance of the sacred purpose and function, and to a certain extent, it is also subject to breathing meditation, the principle of the suidan - the phrase of one full breath - thus a form of breathing exercise."[1] Kinko RyūIn the 18th century, a komusō named Kinko Kurosawa of the Fuke sect of Zen Buddhism was commissioned to travel Japan and collect these musical pieces. Although it is commonly thought that the 36 pieces of the Kinko Ryū Honkyoku repertoire were collected and played by Kinko Kurosawa, these pieces were significantly changed and codified by later generations, including Miura Kindo and others. {{Listen|filename=Shikanotoone new.ogg|title=Shika no Tōne|description=A honkyoku piece recorded by Araki Kodō III|format=Ogg|alighn=right}}
At least three additional pieces were later added to the Kinko-Ryu repertoire:
Other notable Honkyoku schools:
Notes
References1. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.shakuhachi.cz/original/en_rec.html|title=Specifics of the Musical Language of Fuke Honkyoku|last=Matoušek|first=Vlastislav|date=|website=shakuhachi.cz|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}} 2. ^Shakuhachi Meditation Music, Stan Richardson. Boulder, Colorado: Sounds True (1997) (liner notes) External links
4 : Buddhist music|Zen art and culture|Japanese styles of music|Japanese traditional music |
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