| 词条 | Consolidated XB2Y | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The Consolidated XB2Y was an American prototype single-engined dive bomber of the 1930s. It was intended to meet a United States Navy requirement for a carrier-based dive bomber, but was unsuccessful, only a single example being built. Design and developmentIn 1932, the United States Navy issued a specification for a two-seat carrier-based dive bomber capable of carrying a {{convert|1000|lb|kg|abbr=on}} bomb.[1] Orders were placed for competing prototypes of designs to meet the Navy's requirement with Consolidated Aircraft and the Great Lakes Aircraft Company in June 1932.[2][3] Consolidated's proposal was the Model 24 (or XB2Y in the US Navy's designation system), a single-bay biplane developed from a basic design prepared by the Navy's Bureau of Aeronautics with detailed design led by Consolidated's B Douglas Thomas,[2] formerly Chief Designer of Thomas Morse Aircraft, which had become part of Consolidated Aircraft in 1929.[4] In order to withstand the high g-forces experienced during pullup after a dive attack, much of the aircraft's center-section was cut from a solid steel block.[2][5] It was powered by a similar Pratt & Whitney R-1535 Twin Wasp Junior air-cooled radial engine as used by the Great Lakes design,[2][3] and had a fixed tailwheel undercarriage. The crew of two sat in tandem in separate cockpits, with the observer in the rear cockpit armed with a single flexibly mounted machine gun, and the pilot with a single fixed synchronized machine gun firing through the aircraft's propeller arc. Its bombload was carried on a crutch under the fuselage that swung down to ensure the bomb would clear the propeller when dropped in a steep dive.[2] Operational historyThe prototype XB2Y-1 (serial number 9221[6]) was completed in 1933, being delivered on 28 June 1933.[2] Testing was unsuccessful,[2] with the aircraft's performance being unsatisfactory,[7] while the aircraft also proved very expensive to build.[2][5] The US Navy preferred the Great Lakes design, with 60 being ordered as BG-1s.[3] The XB2Y-1 was modified to a scout configuration, removing the bomb crutch. This allowed it to reach a height of {{convert|23400|ft|m|abbr=on}},[2] and it was used by NACA at Langley, Virginia for pilot view tests.[8] Specifications (XB2Y-1){{Aircraft specs|ref=General Dynamics Aircraft and their Predecessors[9] |prime units?=kts |genhide= |crew=two |capacity= |length m= |length ft=27 |length in=11 |length note= |span m= |span ft=36 |span in=6 |span note= |height m= |height ft=10 |height in=10 |height note= |wing area sqm= |wing area sqft=362 |wing area note= |aspect ratio= |airfoil= |empty weight kg= |empty weight lb=3538 |empty weight note= |gross weight kg= |gross weight lb=6255 |gross weight note= |max takeoff weight kg= |max takeoff weight lb= |max takeoff weight note= |fuel capacity= |more general= |eng1 number=1 |eng1 name=Pratt & Whitney XR-1535-64 |eng1 type=14-cylinder air-cooled radial engine |eng1 kw= |eng1 hp=700 |perfhide= |max speed kmh= |max speed mph=182 |max speed kts= |max speed note=at {{convert|8900|ft|abbr=on}} |cruise speed kmh= |cruise speed mph= |cruise speed kts= |cruise speed note= |range km= |range miles=487 |range nmi= |range note= |endurance= |ceiling m= |ceiling ft=22800 |ceiling note= |climb rate ms= |climb rate ftmin= |climb rate note= |time to altitude=10 minutes to {{convert|12200|ft|m|abbr=on}} |more performance= |guns=1 × fixed, forward-firing {{convert|.30|in|mm|2|abbr=on}} machine gun; 1 × flexible .30 in machine gun |bombs=1 × {{convert|1000|lb|kg|abbr=on}} |avionics= }} See also{{aircontent|see also= |related= |similar aircraft=
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}} ReferencesCitations1. ^Donald 1997, p. 467. 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Wegg 1990, p. 67. 3. ^1 2 Swanborough and Bowers 1976, p. 193. 4. ^Wegg 1990, p. 14. 5. ^1 O'Bannon, Mark. "Model 24 XB2Y-1" {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050921231022/http://members.cox.net/consolidated_aircraft/Hangar/Pursuit/model24.htm |date=2005-09-21 }}. Consolidated Aircraft History. Retrieved 30 January 2011. 6. ^Grossnick, Roy A. United States Naval Aviation 1910–1995. Washington DC: Naval Historical Center, 1997. {{ISBN|0-945274-34-3}}. "Appendix 9: Bureau (Serial) Numbers of Naval Aircraft", p. 530. 7. ^Flight 14 February 1935, p. 179. 8. ^"Nasa Images:Consolidated XB2Y-1" {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110727151234/http://www.nasaimages.org/luna/servlet/detail/nasaNAS~2~2~13152~115365%3A |date=2011-07-27 }}. NASA. Retrieved 30 January 2011. 9. ^Wegg 1990, pp. 67–68. Bibliography{{refbegin}}
External links{{commons category-inline|Consolidated XB2Y}}{{USN bomber aircraft}}{{Consolidated aircraft}} 6 : United States bomber aircraft 1930–1939|Consolidated aircraft|Carrier-based aircraft|Single-engined tractor aircraft|Biplanes|Aircraft first flown in 1933 |
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