| 词条 | Horace Vernet | |||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Horace Vernet | image = Emile Jean Horace Vernet 002.jpg | image_size = | alt = | caption = Horace Vernet, Self-Portrait with Pipe, 1835 | native_name = | native_name_lang = | birth_name = Émil Jean Horace Vernet | birth_date = 30 June 1789 | birth_place = Paris, France | death_date = 17 January 1863 (aged 73) | death_place = Paris, France | resting_place = | nationality = French | residence = Rome, Paris, Saint Petersburg, Netherlands (ca. 1841–1846), Algiers (1847–1848) | education = | alma_mater = | known_for = Painter, draughtsman and lithographer | notable_works = | style = | movement = Orientalist | spouse = | partner = | awards = | elected = | patrons = | memorials = | website = | module = }} Émile Jean-Horace Vernet (30 June 1789{{snd}}17 January 1863) was a French painter of battles, portraits, and Orientalist subjects. BiographyVernet was born to Carle Vernet, another famous painter, who was himself a son of Claude Joseph Vernet. He was born in the Paris Louvre, while his parents were staying there during the French Revolution. Vernet quickly developed a disdain for the high-minded seriousness of academic French art influenced by Classicism, and decided to paint subjects taken mostly from contemporary life. During his early career, when Napoleon Bonaparte was in power, he began depicting the French soldier in a more familiar, vernacular manner rather than in an idealized, Davidian fashion; he was just twenty when he exhibited the Taking of an Entrenched Camp a work which was distinguished by a good deal of character.[1] Some other of his paintings that represent French soldiers in a more direct, less idealizing style, include Dog of the Regiment, Trumpeter's Horse, and Death of Poniatowski. He gained recognition during the Bourbon Restoration for a series of battle paintings commissioned by the duc d'Orleans, the future King Louis-Philippe. Critics marvelled at the incredible speed with which he painted.[2] Many of his paintings made during this early phase of his career were "noted for their historical accuracy as well as their charged landscapes."[3] Examples of paintings in this style include his Four Battles series: The Battle of Jemappes (1821), The Battle of Montmirail (1822), The Battle of Hanau (1824), and The Battle of Valmy (1826). Enjoying equal favour with the court and with the opposition, he was appointed director of the French Academy in Rome, from 1829 to 1835.[1] Over the course of his long career, Horace Vernet was honoured with dozens of important commissions. King Louis-Philippe was one of his most prolific patrons,[2] and the whole of the Constantine room at the Palace of Versailles was decorated by him, in the short space of three years.[1] His depictions of Algerian battles, such as the Capture of the Smahla and the Capture of Constantine, were well-received, as they were vivid depictions of the French army in the heat of battle. After the fall of the July Monarchy during the Revolution of 1848, Vernet discovered a new patron in Napoléon III of France. He continued to paint representations of the heroic French army during the Second Empire and maintained his commitment to representing war in an accessible and realistic way. He accompanied the French Army during the Crimean War, producing several paintings, including one of the Battle of the Alma, which was not as well received as his earlier paintings. One well known and possibly apocryphal anecdote maintains that when Vernet was asked to remove a certain obnoxious general from one of his paintings, he replied, "I am a painter of history, sire, and I will not violate the truth," hence demonstrating his fidelity to representing war truthfully. Vernet died in his hometown of Paris in 1863. Literary referencesIn Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes story "The Adventure of the Greek Interpreter" Holmes claims to be related to Vernet, stating, "My ancestors were country squires... my grandmother... was the sister of Vernet, the French artist.", without further clarifying whether this is Claude Joseph Vernet, Carle Vernet, or Horace Vernet. GalleryReferences1. ^1 2 {{EB1911|inline=y|wstitle=Vernet|display=Vernet s.v. Émile Jean Horace Vernet|volume=27|pages=1030–1031}} 2. ^1 Ruutz-Rees, Janet E. (Janet Emily) (1880). Horace Vernet. New York: Scribner and Welford. 3. ^The Art of War[s]: Paintings of Heroes, Horrors and History – Chase Maenius 4. ^{{cite web |url=http://home.wlu.edu/~patchw/His_102/images/1848_revolutions2_files/frame.htm |title=Washington and Lee University |publisher=Home.wlu.edu |date= |accessdate=2012-06-11 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131012031500/http://home.wlu.edu/~patchw/His_102/images/1848_revolutions2_files/frame.htm |archivedate=2013-10-12 |df= }} Further reading
External links{{Commons-inline|Horace Vernet}}
11 : 1789 births|1863 deaths|18th-century French painters|19th-century French painters|Artists from Paris|Burials at Montmartre Cemetery|French male painters|Knights of the Holy Sepulchre|Members of the Académie des beaux-arts|Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (civil class)|Orientalist painters |
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