| 词条 | Cortlandt Skinner |
| 释义 |
| image = | name = Courtlandt Skinner | image name = | office1 = Speaker of the New Jersey General Assembly | term_start1 = 1765 | term_end1 = 1770 | predecessor1 = Robert Ogden | successor1 = Stephen Crane | governor1 = William Franklin | office2 = Speaker of the New Jersey General Assembly | term_start2 = 1765 | term_end2 = 1770 | predecessor2 = Stephen Crane | successor2 = John Hart | governor2 = William Franklin | state_assembly3 = New Jersey | district3 = City of Perth Amboy | term_start3 = 1763 | term_end3 = 1775 | preceded3 = | succeeded3 = | alongside3 = John Johnston, John L. Johnston, John Coombs | order4 = 7th | office4 = New Jersey Attorney General | term_start4 = 1754 | term_end4 = 1776 | governor4 = Jonathan Belcher, Sir Francis Bernard, Thomas Boone, Josiah Hardy, William Franklin | preceded4 = Joseph Warrell | succeeded4 = William Paterson | birth_date = December 16, 1727 | birth_place = Perth Amboy, Province of New Jersey, British America | death_date = {{death date and age|1799|3|15|1727|12|16|df=y}} | death_place = Bristol, England | restingplace = St. Augustine's Churchyard, Bristol | nationality = British | spouse = {{marriage|Elizabeth Kearney|1751||reason=}} | party = | parents = William Skinner Elizabeth Van Cortlandt | relations = Stephanus Van Cortlandt (grandfather) Sir George Nugent, 1st Baronet (son-in-law) | children = | residence = | alma_mater = | occupation = Attorney general, attorney, colonial militia officer | profession = | religion = | signature = | footnotes = }}Cortlandt Skinner (December 16, 1727 – March 15, 1799) was the last Royal Attorney General of New Jersey and a brigadier general in the British, Loyalist force, the New Jersey Volunteers, also known as Skinner's Greens, during the American Revolutionary War.[1][2] Early lifeCortlandt Skinner was born December 16, 1727, to a wealthy family, in Perth Amboy in the British Province of New Jersey, the eldest son of the Reverend William Skinner and Elizabeth Cortland (the daughter of Stephanus Van Cortlandt, the first native born mayor of New York).[3][3] Skinner was of English, Dutch, and possibly, Scottish ancestry. There was a firm family tradition that William Skinner, later the Rector of St. Peter's Church in Perth Amboy, had participated in one of the Jacobite risings, and was related to the chiefs of the Clan Gregor - changing his name from MacGregor to avoid the persecution inflicted upon all those of that name.[4] CareerCortlandt Skinner studied law at Newark while clerking for David Ogden, a member of the governor's council, and then began practising at Perth Amboy. At the age of twenty-seven, he was appointed Attorney General of New Jersey in 1754 and also acted as speaker of the provincial Assembly between 1765 and 1770 and between 1772 and 1776. Sources differ as to his conduct as Attorney-General of New Jersey, but his general reputation was one of integrity and ability.[5] Military careerCortlandt Skinner was one of the three current and past speakers, of the Province of New Jersey colonial assemblies, who actively opposed American independence. At the outbreak, of the hostilities, in the American colonies, Cortlandt Skinner was offered, by the Patriot rebels, the pick of all civilian and military posts. In January, 1776, Skinner fled, after having received an intercepted letter, authorizing his arrest, by the Rebels. As a prominent, New Jersey Loyalist, Cortlandt Skinner accepted service and a commission, on September 4, 1776, as a brigadier general, under the British Crown and was authorized to raise a Provincial corps, known as the New Jersey Volunteers and "Skinner's Greens". Three battalions were authorized, to consist of 2,500 soldiers. In the first months, of trying to increase enlistments, the corps could only raise 1,000 men, but eventually, Skinner's Greens increased their ranks to 2,000 soldiers. The New Jersey Volunteers mercilessly harassed, their Loyalist and Patriot rebel opponents, throughout the war, in the Province of New York, from the defensive outposts, of Long Island, to Staten Island.[6] Skinner, for the duration of the war, was the leading civil and military authority over Staten Island.[7] By the end of war, in 1783, Brigadier General Skinner was one of the three, highest ranking, Loyalist officers, in the British Army.[8] Exile to EnglandHis wife and family embarked for England in the summer of 1783, in the Le Solitaire, and were forced into Halifax by stress of weather. He himself followed after the evacuation of New York City. His claim to compensation for his losses as a Loyalist was difficult to adjust, and caused the Commissioners much labour ; but an allowance was finally made; and he also received the half-pay of a Brigadier-General during his life. Personal lifeIn 1751, Cortlandt Skinner married Elizabeth Kearney, the daughter of Philip Kearney, of Perth Amboy, New Jersey. They had many children, including:[9]
He died at Bristol, England, in 1799, aged seventy-one. He is buried in St. Augustine's Church, in Bristol. References
1. ^{{cite web|title=Biographical Sketch of Brigadier General Cortland Skinner|url=http://www.royalprovincial.com/history/figures/skinner.shtml|website=www.royalprovincial.com|publisher=The On-Line Institute for Advanced Loyalist Studies|accessdate=28 August 2017}} 2. ^{{cite book|last1=Lamb|first1=Martha Joanna|title=Embracing the period prior to the Revolution, closing in 1774|date=1877|publisher=A.S. Barnes and Company|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hrUsAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA706&lpg=PA706|accessdate=28 August 2017|language=en}} 3. ^{{cite book|last1=Burke|first1=John|title=A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Commoners of Great Britain and Ireland, Enjoying Territorial Possessions Or High Official Rank: But Univested with Heritable Honours|date=1838|publisher=H. Colburn|page=243|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6AtBAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA243&lpg=PA243|accessdate=28 August 2017|language=en}} 4. ^{{cite book|last1=Constant|first1=Silas|last2=Roebling|first2=Emily Warren|title=The Journal of the Reverend Silas Constant, Pastor of the Presbyterian Church at Yorktown, New York: With Some of the Records of the Church and a List of His Marriages, 1784-1825, Together with Notes on the Nelson, Van Cortlandt, Warren, and Some Other Families Mentioned in the Journal|date=1903|publisher=private circulation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L0kVAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA427&lpg=PA427|accessdate=28 August 2017|language=en}} 5. ^{{cite book|last1=Lamb|first1=Martha Joanna|title=History of the City of New York: Its Origin, Rise and Progress|date=1896|publisher=A. S. Barnes|page=706|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=71EOAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA706&lpg=PA706|accessdate=28 August 2017|language=en}} 6. ^{{cite web|title=Law Office of Hon. Cortlandt Skinner, King'sAttorney for the province of New Jersey. In 1776 Brigadier General in British army with headquarters on Staten Island.|url=https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/510d47d9-cc31-a3d9-e040-e00a18064a99|website=digitalcollections.nypl.org|publisher=New York Public Library|accessdate=28 August 2017}} 7. ^Sedgwick, Ellery and Leslie, Mrs. Frank. Frank Leslie's Popular Monthly, Volume 19, page 362. 8. ^{{cite book|last1=Shenstone|first1=Susan Burgess|title=So Obstinately Loyal: James Moody, 1744-1809|date=2001|publisher=McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP|isbn=9780773524163|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K0p6rn-vsPgC&pg=PA37&lpg=PA37|accessdate=28 August 2017|language=en}} 9. ^1 {{cite book|last1=Burke|first1=Bernard|title=A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Landed Gentry of Great Britain & Ireland|date=1871|publisher=Harrison|page=1270|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qmh2AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA1270&lpg=PA1270|accessdate=28 August 2017|language=en}} 10. ^1 2 {{cite book |last1=Sabine |first1=Lorenzo |title=Biographical Sketches of Loyalists of the American Revolution |date=2009 |publisher=Applewood Books |isbn=9781429019538 |page=307 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XEiVJDobwpEC&pg=PA307&lpg=PA307 |accessdate=24 February 2019 |language=en}} 11. ^{{cite book |last1=Walford |first1=Edward |title=The County Families of the United Kingdom, Or Royal Manual of the Titled and Untitled Aristocracy of Great Britain and Ireland. 2. Ed. Greatly Enl |date=1864 |publisher=Hardwicke |page=388 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n9pv_1xLploC&pg=PA388&lpg=PA388 |accessdate=24 February 2019 |language=en}} 12. ^{{cite book |title=Burke's Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Landed Gentry |date=1847 |publisher=H. Colburn |page=1362 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0NEKAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA1362&lpg=PA1362 |accessdate=24 February 2019 |language=en}}
External links
14 : New Jersey Attorneys General|Loyalists in the American Revolution|People of New Jersey in the American Revolution|Loyalist military personnel of the American Revolutionary War|American people of Dutch descent|American people of English descent|1727 births|1799 deaths|Members of the New Jersey General Assembly|Speakers of the New Jersey General Assembly|Politicians from Perth Amboy, New Jersey|American people of Scottish descent|Schuyler family|People of colonial New Jersey |
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