| 词条 | House of Keys | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = House of Keys | native_name = Yn Kiare as Feed | transcription_name = | legislature = | coa_pic = | coa_res = | coa-pic = | coa-res = | house_type = Lower house | body = High Court of Tynwald | leader1_type = Speaker | leader1 = Juan Watterson | party1 = | election1 = | members = 24 MHKs | structure1 = House of Keys 2018.svg | structure1_res = 250px | structure2 = | structure2_res = | political_groups1 =
| committees1 = | joint_committees = | voting_system1 = Multiple non-transferable vote | last_election1 = 22 September 2016 | next_election1 = September 2021 | session_room = | session_res = | meeting_place = Chamber of the House of Keys, Legislative Buildings, Douglas | website = {{url|www.tynwald.org.im/about/hok}} | footnotes = }}{{Politics of the Isle of Man}} The House of Keys ({{lang-gv|Yn Kiare as Feed}}) is the directly elected lower branch of Tynwald, the parliament of the Isle of Man, the other branch being the Legislative Council. History{{see also|Old House of Keys}}The oldest known reference to the name is in a document of 1417, written by an English scholar in Latin, which refers to {{lang|la|Claves Mann}} and {{lang|la|Claves Legis}} (The Keys of Mann and The Keys of Law). There is a dispute, however, over the origin of the name. The word keys is thought by some to be an English corruption of a form of the Norse verb kjósa meaning to choose. However, a more likely explanation is that it is a mishearing of the Manx-language term for four and twenty, {{lang|gv|kiare as feed}} ({{IPA-gv|'ciːəs 'fid}}), the House having always had 24 members. The Manx-language name of the House of Keys remains {{lang|gv|Yn Kiare as Feed}} (The Four and Twenty). GovernanceMembers are known as Members of the House of Keys (MHKs). Citizens over the age of 16 may vote, while one must be at least 18 years old and a resident of the Island for three years to be elected an MHK. There are 12 constituencies, mainly based on the sheadings and on local government units. (A few local government units are split between two constituencies.) Each sends two members to the House of Keys, elected by plurality voting (each elector can vote for up to two candidates). The term of the House of Keys is normally fixed at five years, but provisions exist for dissolution before the expiration of the term. The Speaker of the House of Keys (SHK) is an MHK elected by the Keys as the presiding officer. The Speaker votes in the House of Keys, but, unlike other members, may abstain; however, when the vote is tied the Speaker must cast the deciding vote. The Speaker also acts as Deputy President of Tynwald Court. The House of Keys elects 8 of the 11 members of the Legislative Council. Legislation does not usually originate in the Council. (There are exceptions: for example the Equality Bill was introduced in the Legislative Council in late 2016.) Thus, the Keys have much more power than the Council, which performs the function of a revising chamber. The House of Keys meets about once each month together with the Legislative Council in a joint session called Tynwald Court. The President of Tynwald, elected by both branches, presides over Tynwald Court and over the Legislative Council. Once each year, however, on Tynwald Day, the Isle of Man's national day, the Lieutenant Governor presides. Meeting placeThe House of Keys usually meets in their chamber in the Legislative Buildings in Douglas. Seating is allocated in alphabetical order by constituency name (in English). On 14 March 2017 the Keys met in the Old House of Keys in Castletown, for the first time since 1874, to commemorate the sesquicentenary of the first elected House of Keys. Elections{{main article|Manx general election, 2001|Manx general election, 2006|Manx general election, 2011|Manx general election, 2016}}Current members (as of January 2019)
Members' salaries, expenses allowances, and benefitsFrom 1 April 2014,
For details of the members' pension scheme and a list of the additional sums payable to certain office-holders, see the official Tynwald page. External links{{Portal|Isle of Man|Politics}}
2 : Tynwald|National lower houses |
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