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词条 CPR-1000
释义

  1. Construction

  2. Design

  3. ACPR-1000 development

  4. Hualong One merged design

  5. See also

  6. References

  7. External links

The CPR-1000, or CPR1000, (improved Chinese PWR) is a Generation II+ pressurized water reactor, based on the French 900 MWe three cooling loop design imported in the 1990s, improved to have a net power output of 1,000 MWe (1080 MWe gross) and a 60-year design life.

The CPR-1000 is built and operated by the China General Nuclear Power Group (CGNPG), formerly known as China Guangdong Nuclear Power. Progressively more Chinese manufactured components were used in the units; the second unit built had 70% of its equipment manufactured in China, with a 90% Chinese content target for later builds.{{fact|date=July 2018}}

Construction

Fifteen CPR-1000 units were under construction by June 2010.[1] On 15 July 2010, China’s first CPR-1000 nuclear power plant, Ling Ao-3, was connected to the grid,[2] having started criticality testing on 11 June 2010.[3] It started commercial operations on 27 September 2010,[4] with Ling Ao-4 starting commercial operation on 7 August 2011.[5]

Four interim reactors at Daya Bay and Ling Ao Phase 1 are sometimes called CPR-1000s, but these are closely based on the French 900 MWe design (M310[6]), with net power output below 1,000 MWe, and using mostly imported components.[6]

Design

The CPR-1000 uses as its base design units 5 & 6 of the Gravelines Nuclear Power Station in France.[7]

Some CPR-1000 intellectual property rights are retained by Areva, which limits overseas sales potential.[1] However the Financial Times reported in 2010 that Areva was considering marketing the CPR-1000 as a smaller and simpler second-generation reactor design alongside its larger EPR, for countries that are new to nuclear power.[8][9] In January 2012, CGNPG agreed a partnership with Areva and EDF to develop a reactor based on the CPR-1000,[12] which may create a design converged with Mitsubishi and Areva's 1000 MWe Atmea reactor.[10]

{{Anchor|ACPR1000}}

ACPR-1000 development

In 2010, CGNPG announced a further design evolution to a Generation III level, the ACPR-1000, which would also replace intellectual property right-limited components.

CGNPG aimed to be able to independently market the ACPR-1000 for export by 2013.[11] CGNPG has been conducting the development work in cooperation with Dongfang Electric, Shanghai Electric, Harbin Electric, China First Heavy Industries and China Erzhong.[12]

Yangjiang 5 was the first construction of an ACPR-1000 reactor, starting in late 2013.[13] This reactor includes a core catcher and double containment as additional safety measures.[14] It began commercial operation in July 2018. It was the first Chinese reactor to have a domestically-developed digital control system.[15]

Following the Fukushima nuclear disaster, a revised design called at the time ACPR-1000+ was described.

Features include double containment to protect against external explosions and airplanes, improved seismic capability to 0.3 g, increased core thermal margins and improved operation systems.[16]

The gross power output has been increased to 1150 MWe.[17]

The ACPR-1000+ was envisaged for export from 2014.[18]

{{Anchor|ACC1000 merged design}}

Hualong One merged design

{{main|Hualong One}}

Since 2011 CGNPG has been progressively merging the ACPR-1000 with the China National Nuclear Corporation's ACP-1000 design into the new Hualong One design.[19]

See also

  • Generation II reactor
  • Generation III reactor
  • Nuclear power
  • Nuclear power in China
{{Portal bar|China|Energy|Nuclear technology}}

References

1. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.world-nuclear.org/info/inf63.html |title=Nuclear Power in China |publisher=World Nuclear Association|date=2 July 2010|accessdate=18 July 2010}}
2. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.neimagazine.com/story.asp?sectioncode=132&storyCode=2056890 |title=First power at China’s Ling Ao |publisher=Nuclear Engineering International |date=16 July 2010 |accessdate=17 July 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110613090954/http://www.neimagazine.com/story.asp?sectioncode=132&storyCode=2056890 |archivedate=13 June 2011 |df= }}
3. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.world-nuclear-news.org/NN_Reactor_starts_up_at_Ling_Ao_II_1106101.html |title=Reactor starts up at Ling Ao II |publisher=World Nuclear News |date=11 June 2010 |accessdate=18 July 2010}}
4. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.world-nuclear-news.org/NN-New_Ling_Ao_II_unit_enters_into_service-2709104.html |title=New Ling Ao II unit enters into service |publisher=World Nuclear News |date=27 September 2010 |accessdate=2 October 2010}}
5. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.world-nuclear-news.org/IT-Second_Ling_Ao_II_unit_enters_service-0808115.html |title=Second Ling Ao II unit enters service |publisher=World Nuclear News|date=8 August 2011 |accessdate=12 December 2012}}
6. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.world-nuclear-news.org/NN-Fuel_loading_starts_at_new_Chinese_reactor-2204104.html |title=Fuel loading starts at new Chinese reactor |publisher=World Nuclear News|date=22 April 2010|accessdate=18 July 2010}}
7. ^1 CPR1000 Design, Safety Performance and Operability, Steven Lau, Daya Bay Nuclear Power Operations and Management Company, 5 July 2011
8. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/00767364-0175-11df-8c54-00144feabdc0.html|title=Areva considers producing cheaper reactors|author=Peggy Hollinger|date=15 January 2010|publisher=Financial Times|accessdate=19 January 2010}}
9. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/fd5ee326-dbb9-11df-a1df-00144feabdc0.html |title=Energy: Cooling ambitions |author=Peggy Hollinger |date=19 October 2010 |publisher=Financial Times |accessdate=29 October 2010}}
10. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/2013/02/28/us-areva-results-idUSBRE91R1DY20130228 |title=Areva sticks with plan to build 10 nuclear reactors by 2016 |author=Geert De Clercq and Benjamin Mallet |publisher=Reuters |date=28 February 2013 |accessdate=7 March 2013}}
11. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.world-nuclear-news.org/NN-China_prepares_to_export_reactors-2511101.html |title=China prepares to export reactors |publisher=World Nuclear News |date=25 November 2010 |accessdate=18 December 2010}}
12. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.dynabondpowertech.com/en/nuclear-power-news/national-news/39-cgnpc/5172-the-acpr1000-with-chinese-ipr-debuts-at-the-international-market- |title=The ACPR1000 with Chinese IPR debuts at the international market |newspaper=Xinhua |date=17 November 2011 |accessdate=10 January 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022141119/http://www.dynabondpowertech.com/en/nuclear-power-news/national-news/39-cgnpc/5172-the-acpr1000-with-chinese-ipr-debuts-at-the-international-market-# |archive-date=2013-10-22 |dead-url=yes |df= }}
13. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.neimagazine.com/news/newsyangjiang-1-commercial-operation-makes-site-chinas-sixth-working-npp-site-4205653 |title=Yangjiang 1 commercial operation makes site China's sixth working NPP |publisher=Nuclear Engineering International |date=28 March 2014 |accessdate=29 March 2014}}
14. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.neimagazine.com/features/featurechina-the-next-few-years-are-crucial-for-nuclear-industry-growth/ |title=China: The next few years are crucial for nuclear industry growth |author=Yun Zhou |work=Ux Consulting |publisher=Nuclear Engineering International |date=31 July 2013 |accessdate=8 August 2013}}
15. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/Yangjiang-5-enters-commercial-operation |title=Yangjiang 5 enters commercial operation |publisher=World Nuclear News |date=13 July 2018 |accessdate=12 March 2019}}
16. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.cgnpc.com.cn/n2881959/n3673953/n3674020/n3674210/ |title=ACPR1000+ |publisher=China Guangdong Nuclear Power Company |accessdate=25 October 2012 |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20130513162113/http://www.cgnpc.com.cn/n2881959/n3673953/n3674020/n3674210/ |archivedate=2013-05-13}}
17. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.cgnpc.com.cn/n2881959/n3673953/n3674020/n5996822/n6006050.files/n6009188.ppt |title=ACPR1000+ (powerpoint) |publisher=China Guangdong Nuclear Power Company |accessdate=10 August 2012 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130513154217/http://www.cgnpc.com.cn/n2881959/n3673953/n3674020/n5996822/n6006050.files/n6009188.ppt |archivedate=2013-05-13}}
18. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.world-nuclear.org/info/inf63.html |title=Nuclear Power in China |publisher=World Nuclear Association |date=July 2012 |accessdate=10 August 2012}}
19. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.world-nuclear.org/info/Country-Profiles/Countries-A-F/China--Nuclear-Power/ |title=Nuclear Power in China |publisher=World Nuclear Association |date=24 September 2013 |accessdate=30 September 2013}}

External links

  • CPR1000 Design, Safety Performance and Operability, Steven Lau, Daya Bay Nuclear Power Operations and Management Company, 5 July 2011.
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20110707024520/http://issnp.hrbeu.edu.cn/Plenary%20Talk%204.doc The Proprietary Brand Technology of Chinese Nuclear Power 1000MW - CPR1000], Dr. Shaozhang Cui, President, China Nuclear Power Design Company, ISSNP 2008.
  • China’s “Hualong 1” passes the first stage of the UK GDA process, Euan Mearns / Andy Dawson, Energy Matters, 24 November 2017.
{{Nuclear power in China}}{{Nuclear fission reactors}}

4 : Nuclear power reactor types|Pressurized water reactors|Nuclear energy in China|Nuclear power stations using CPR-1000 reactors
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